scholarly journals Potential Benefits on Impairment of Endothelial Function after a High-Fat Meal of 4 Weeks of Flavonoid Supplementation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Barringer ◽  
L. Hatcher ◽  
H. C. Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Fat Meal

Studies with foods high in flavonoids have demonstrated improvement in endothelial function. We investigated whether 4 weeks of flavonoid supplementation would prevent an adverse impact on endothelial function of a high-fat meal. Endothelial function was measured by reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT). The RH-PAT index was measured both before and 3 h after a high-fat meal, in 23 healthy volunteers. Subjects were randomized in a double-blind, cross-over design to 4 weeks of daily supplementation with OPC-3, or a matching placebo. RH-PAT index before and after the high-fat meal was measured at the beginning and end of each 4-week treatment phase. The high-fat meal caused a decline in endothelial function at baseline in the placebo (-10.71%,P= .006) and flavonoid [-9.97% (P= .077)] groups, and there was no difference in decline between arms (P= .906). The high-fat meal produced a decline after 4 weeks of placebo [-12.37% (P= .005)], but no decline after 4 weeks of flavonoid supplement [-3.16% (P= .663)], and the difference between the two responses was highly significant (P< .0001). Within-group comparisons revealed no difference in endothelial function decline in the placebo arm between baseline and 4 weeks [-10.71% versus -12.37% (P= .758)]. In the flavonoid supplement arm, the difference in endothelial function decline between baseline and 4 weeks was -9.97% versus -3.16%, but did not reach statistical significance (P= .451). These results suggest that the flavonoid supplement used in this study mitigates the impairment of endothelial function caused by a high-fat meal. Whether certain subpopulations derive greater or lesser benefit remains unclear.

Abstract 11845: Impaired Peripheral Endothelial Function Assessed by Digital Reactive Hyperemia Peripheral Arterial Tonometry and Risk of In-Stent Restenosis

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Komura ◽  
Kenichi Tsujita ◽  
Kenshi Yamanaga ◽  
Kenji Sakamoto ◽  
Takashi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Stent Length ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
In Stent Restenosis

Introduction: Drug-eluting stents (DESs) are replacing bare-metal stents (BMSs), but in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a problem. Impaired endothelial function is a key event in the atherosclerosis process and a predictor of future cardiovascular events. Reactive hyperemia index (RHI) assessed by peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) evaluates endothelial function noninvasively. Hypothesis: We prospectively assessed the prognostic value of RHI in predicting ISR after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: RHI was measured using Endo-PAT 2000 before PCI (initial RHI) and at follow-up angiography (F/U RHI) in 249 consecutive patients who had successful PCI. F/U angiography was performed at six and nine months after PCI with BMS and DES, respectively. ISR was defined as percent diameter stenosis >50% at F/U angiography assessed by quantitative coronary angiography. Results: At F/U, ISR was seen in 68 patients (27.3%). F/U ln(RHI) was significantly lower in patients with ISR than in those without (0.52 ± 0.23 vs. 0.65 ± 0.27, p < 0.01); no between-group difference in initial ln(RHI) was seen (0.60 ± 0.26 vs. 0.62 ± 0.25, p = 0.56). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, even after adjusting for other significant parameters in univariate analysis (BMS use, total stent length, HDL-Cholesterol, HbA1c, calcium antagonist use, and post-PCI minimum lumen diameter), F/U ln(RHI) independently predicted ISR (odds ratio: 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04-0.48; p = 0.002). In receiver operating-characteristic analysis, F/U RHI was the strongest predictor of ISR (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.60-0.75; p < 0.01; RHI < 1.73 had 67.6% sensitivity, 64.1% specificity); AUC significantly improved from 0.62 to 0.70 when RHI was added to traditional ISR risk factors (diabetes mellitus, total stent length, minimum stent diameter) (p = 0.02). Net reclassification index was significant after addition of RHI (26.5%, p = 0.002). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating that impaired RHI at F/U angiography independently predicts occurrence of ISR. The simple and noninvasive assessment of endothelial function by RH-PAT adds incremental prognostic value to ISR-risk stratification following PCI.

Abstract 17775: Predictive Value of Endothelial Function for the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Kanazawa ◽  
Hiroshige Yamabe ◽  
Seigo Sugiyama ◽  
Satomi Iwashita ◽  
Tadashi Hoshiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Af Recurrence

Introduction: Endothelial function has been shown to be deteriorated by the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Therefore, we hypothesized that serial change in the endothelial function can predict the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation (CA). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive value of endothelial function as a marker for recurrence of AF after CA. Methods: The consecutive 156 AF patients who underwent CA for AF were included in this study. All patients assessed their endothelial function by the reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) and the RH-PAT index (RHI) was measured before CA, and 3 and 6 months after CA. To investigate the factors correlated with AF recurrence, clinical variables and RHI before CA, 3 and 6 months after CA were examined in patients with and without recurrence of AF. The recurrence of AF was defined as the occurrence of AF at the time of 6 months after CA. Results: AF recurrence was not observed in 125 patients (80%), but was observed in the remaining 31 patients (20%). Disease duration of AF (p=0.028), RHI before CA (p<0.001), RHI 3 month after CA (p=0.037), the difference in RHI before and 3 month after CA (p<0.001) were significantly correlated with AF recurrence. The multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that the difference in RHI before and 3 month after CA independently correlated with the recurrence of AF (p<0.001, Hazard ratio: 0.168). Furthermore, the value of RHI 3 month after CA, which decreased 0.015 or more compared with that before CA, was the independent predictor of AF recurrence (sensitivity: 0.613, specificity: 0.880, area under curve 0.722). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of AF recurrence when the RHI value 3 months after CA showed a decrease over 0.015 (log-rank test: p<0.001). Conclusions: The change in the endothelial function following CA sensitively reflects the recurrence of AF. The decrease in the RHI 3 months after CA compared to that before CA, with a cu-off value of 0.015, was an independent significant predictor of AF recurrence. Therefore, no recurrence of AF can be expected by the absence of decrease in RHI. We might be able to stop anti-arrhythmic drugs and anticoagulants according to the RHI improvement 3 month after CA.

scholarly journals Repeatability of Peripheral Artery Tonometry in Female Subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Degnan ◽  
Nandini Shah ◽  
David M. Carty ◽  
John R. Petrie ◽  
Christian Delles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Female Subjects

Background. Peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) is a novel, non-invasive and operator-independent method for simultaneous assessment of endothelial function and arterial stiffness. We examined the repeatability of PAT in females and the influence of the estrous cycle. Methods. In 14 healthy female and five healthy male control subjects, PAT was performed on three separate occasions with 10 days between visits. Reactive hyperemia index (RHI), a measure of endothelial function, and peripheral augmentation index (AIx), a measure of arterial stiffness, were determined with the EndoPAT-2000 system. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated as a measure of repeatability. Results. In both female and male groups, RHI and AIx did not differ between the three measurements (all n.s. by 1-way ANOVA). In females, reanalyzing the data after taking phase of estrous cycle into account had no effect on the results. Repeatability for RHI and AIx in females (ICC for RHI = 0.43, ICC for AIx = 0.78) was similar to that in male subjects (ICC for RHI = 0.42, ICC for AIx = 0.63). Conclusions. PAT measurements were not affected by the estrous cycle in females, and repeatability was comparable to that in males. This should facilitate inclusion of female subjects into vascular function studies using PAT.

scholarly journals Improvement of Vascular Endothelial Function Reflects Nonrecurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Kanazawa ◽  
Koichi Kaikita ◽  
Miwa Ito ◽  
Yusei Kawahara ◽  
Tadashi Hoshiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Af Recurrence

Background The clinical implication of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between changes in vascular endothelial function assessed by reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry and the effect of sinus rhythm restoration after catheter ablation (CA) for AF. Methods and Results Consecutive 214 patients who underwent CA for AF were included in this single center, retrospective study. The natural logarithmic transformed reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry index (LnRHI) of all patients was measured before CA as well as 3 and 6 months after CA. LnRHI in sinus rhythm was significantly higher than that in AF before CA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of AF was an independent risk factor for lowering of LnRHI (odds ratio, 4.092; P =0.002) before CA. The LnRHI was significantly improved 3 and 6 months after CA in patients without AF recurrence. Multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that changes in LnRHI from before to 3 months after CA independently correlated with recurrence of AF (hazard ratio, 0.106; P =0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the decrease in LnRHI levels from before to 3 months after CA as a significant marker that suspects AF recurrence (area under the curve, 0.792; log‐rank test, P <0.001). Conclusions The presence of AF was independently correlated with the impaired vascular endothelial function assessed by the reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry. Long‐term sinus rhythm restoration after CA for AF might contribute to the improvement of vascular endothelial function, which may reflect the nonrecurrence of AF.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Endothelial Function by Reactive Hyperemia Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (RH-PAT) in Health Evaluation and Promotion

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Ryotaro Takahashi ◽  
Kenji Okumura ◽  
Chisuzu Ohyama ◽  
Akiko Ogawa ◽  
Masahiro Ohno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Abstract MP011: Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Versus a Low-Fat Weight Loss Program on Endothelial Function

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry J Stewart ◽  
Pamela Ouyang ◽  
Harry A Silber ◽  
Sammy Zakaria ◽  
Dipan Desai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: A concern about low-carbohydrate (CHO) diets is that a higher fat intake may adversely affect vascular health. We hypothesized that the effect of two weight loss programs on endothelial function would be similar. Each program included exercise but differed in that one included a low-CHO diet whereas the other a low-fat diet. Methods: Overweight or obese but otherwise healthy persons (n=77), 30–65 years old, were randomly assigned to 6-months of an isocaloric low-CHO or low-fat diet, plus 3 times per week supervised aerobic and resistance exercise training. Endothelial function was assessed with non-invasive peripheral arterial tonometry using the Endopat device. Reactive hyperemia was induced after 5 minutes of upper arm occlusion of SBP. The reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index (RH-PAT), the ratio between the digital pulse volume during reactive hyperemia and at rest was measured at baseline and after 6 months, as were body weight, BMI, waist circumference, total body fat and trunk fat percent, and BP. Results: Sixty subjects (low-CHO group: n=31,74% women; low-fat group, n=29, 72% women) completed the study. At baseline, there were no group differences in the following variables and the combined values are: age, 50.0±8.7 years; weight, 215.4±32.7 lbs; BMI, 34.2±3.8 kg/m 2 ; waist circumference, 103.1±8.7 cm; total body fat, 43.3±7.2%; trunk fat, 46.4±5.7%; SBP, 124.7±13.5 mm Hg; DBP, 74.2±9.5, RH-PAT, 2.32±0.44%. After 6 months, low-CHO versus low-fat subjects had a greater reduction in weight, −28.9±11.0 versus −18.7± 2.0 lbs, p<0.001; BMI, −4.7±2.0 versus −2.9±1.7, p<0.001; waist circumference, −12.1±6.0 versus −6.2±7.8 cm, p<0.01; body fat, −6.8±4.5 versus −4.0±3.9%, p>0.02. The groups did not differ in reduction of trunk fat percent, with an overall loss of − 5.5±5.7%, p<0.001, or BP, overall reduction −10.7±12.1/−8.6±8.2 mm Hg, p<0.001. After 6 months, there was no overall change in RH-PAT, p=0.64. By regression analysis, 6-month RH-PAT, adjusted for the baseline value, did not differ by group. However, an absolute 1% drop in trunk fat percent was associated with an absolute 0.29% (or relative 12.5%) increase in RH-PAT, p=0.05. Conclusions: A key finding was the lack of an adverse effect on a marker of endothelial function in the low-CHO group. Successful weight loss and reductions in total and abdominal fat, and BP were achieved with both programs. Greater reductions in weight, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat occurred in the low-CHO group. Though overall endothelial function did not change in either group, when individual variations were examined, a greater percent loss in trunk fat was associated with enhanced endothelial function. These data suggest that loss of central fat is associated with improved vascular health, independent of the dietary content of the weight loss program.

scholarly journals Flow-mediated dilation and peripheral arterial tonometry are disturbed in preeclampsia and reflect different aspects of endothelial function

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. R518-R525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Mannaerts ◽  
Ellen Faes ◽  
Inge Goovaerts ◽  
Tibor Stoop ◽  
Jerome Cornette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
In Pregnancy

Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are known to be altered in preeclamptic pregnancies. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the best technique for assessing vascular function in pregnancy. In this study, we made a comprehensive evaluation of in vivo vascular function [including flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), and arterial stiffness] in preeclamptic patients and compared them with normal pregnancies. In addition, we assessed the relation between vascular function and systemic inflammation. Fourteen patients with preeclampsia (PE) and 14 healthy pregnant controls were included. Endothelial function was determined by FMD and PAT and arterial stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity and augmentation index. Systemic inflammation was assessed using mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The reactive hyperemia index, assessed using PAT, is decreased at the third trimester compared with the first trimester in a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy ( P = 0.001). Arterial stiffness is significantly higher in PE versus normal pregnancy ( P < 0.001). Endothelial function, obtained by FMD, is deteriorated in PE versus normal pregnancy ( P = 0.015), whereas endothelial function assessment by PAT is improved in PE versus normal pregnancy ( P = 0.001). Systemic inflammation (MPV and NLR) increases during normal pregnancy. FMD and PAT are disturbed in PE. Endothelial function, assessed by FMD and PAT, shows distinct results. This may indicate that measurements with FMD and PAT reflect different aspects of endothelial function and that PAT should not be used as a substitute for FMD as a measure of endothelial function in pregnancy.

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