Revisiting Attribution Theory: Toward a Critical Feminist Approach for Understanding Attributions of Blame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria DelGreco ◽  
Amanda Denes ◽  
Shardé Davis ◽  
Katrina T Webber
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Critical Feminist ◽  
Attributions Of Blame ◽  
Attribution Process

Abstract Heeding the necessary call for interpersonal communication research to be theorized and conducted from a more critical perspective, we employ feminist standpoint theory as a critical tool for reading attribution theory. Specifically, we examine social positionality as an essential aspect of the attribution process and identify how oppressive power structures (macro-level) and a critical consciousness of one’s social positionality (micro-level) impact interpersonal interactions (meso-level). Key components of our approach are visualized and applied to the context of sexual violence, and suggestions for additional interpersonal contexts to consider and ways to further the discussion are addressed. Overall, we maintain that taking a non-neutral, critical feminist approach to attribution theory enables us to consider how perspectives of marginalized groups are valuable sources of knowledge, interrogate how social positionality for those in power may impact attributions of blame, and recognize how groups in the margins have the agency to enact social change.

Identity propaganda: Racial narratives and disinformation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110292
Author(s):  
Madhavi Reddi ◽  
Rachel Kuo ◽  
Daniel Kreiss
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
Racial Narratives

This article develops the concept of “identity propaganda,” or narratives that strategically target and exploit identity-based differences in accord with pre-existing power structures to maintain hegemonic social orders. In proposing and developing the concept of identity propaganda, we especially aim to help researchers find new insights into their data on misinformation, disinformation, and propaganda by outlining a framework for unpacking layers of historical power relations embedded in the content they analyze. We focus on three forms of identity propaganda: othering narratives that alienate and marginalize non-white or non-dominant groups; essentializing narratives that create generalizing tropes of marginalized groups; and authenticating narratives that call upon people to prove or undermine their claims to be part of certain groups. We demonstrate the utility of this framework through our analysis of identity propaganda around Vice President Kamala Harris during the 2020 US presidential election.

scholarly journals Male’s Knowledge and Awareness about AIDS/STDs in Rajshahi District of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 253-270
Author(s):  
Mosiur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Hiv Aids

As there is no cure to get rid of the unbearable sufferings from these diseases, prevention is the only solution to get rid of HIV/AIDS and STDs. Raising awareness among men about the long run effects of these diseases is one of the prime objectives of reproductive health programs currently executing in the world. Our study pays attention to get an idea of men's perception about these types of reproductive health problems. Findings reveal that about 87 percent men aware about HIV/AIDS and comparatively women were found same aware of AIDS. Only 54.8 percent men are found aware STIs, and more than 45 percent of the respondents have no knowledge of STIs. This indicates men's careless ness about these diseases. Mass media plays a great role in growing awareness about HIV/AIDS. Electronic, print media and interpersonal communication were the main sources of knowledge. About 30 and 40 percent men and women heard of AIDS from two sources respectively. It was found that majority of the male said uncontrolled sexual relation is the major reason of spreading AIDS. Although men's communication with their spouses can help in preventing AIDS but a large portion respondent don't talk to their spouses about preventing AIDS. Findings also elucidate that education, residence, religion, occupation, and mass media facility are the significant factors to influence AIDS knowledge among men.Key words: HIV/AIDS, STDs, Logistic Regression Analysis, BangladeshDOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1367Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.253-270

Developing a Socially Responsible Approach to IT Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 913-926
Author(s):  
Justin Marquis
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Educational Technology Research ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Subtle Discrimination ◽  
Hidden Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Society

There is an ever-widening gap between the social classes in American society reflected in wages, living conditions, health care and access to technology. This chapter argues that a hidden agenda underlies much current educational technology research which, intentionally or unintentionally, reinforces the societal power structures which support this inequitable access. In order to demonstrate this subtle discrimination some of the work of well-known educational technology researcher Larry Cuban is examined in order to highlight the ways in which his choices of research sites and methodology help to perpetuate the digital divide through generalization and a failure to acknowledge the existence of persons who lack technology access in their homes. After the critique a methodology for conducting “socially responsible” educational technology research that employs a postmodern critical perspective to mitigate the discriminatory factors present in much contemporary research will be proposed.

Life-World, relevance and power. Phenomenology and social critique

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Jochen Dreher
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Phenomenological Description ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Social Critique ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Life World ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
The One

Does the phenomenological paradigm omit the examination of the problem of power? Frequently formulated criticisms of phenomenological thought underline that it would be characterized by oblivion of power. The following line of argument will demonstrate that phenomenology and phenomenologically oriented sociology do have the theoretical potential to open up a critical perspective as well as to analyze phenomena of power. The focus will be on the basic question on how the phenomenological perspective can be used to investigate power structures, social inequality, justice, violence, subjective and intersubjective experiences of alienation and suffering. In this sense some reflections will be presented on how phenomenological description is used as critical diagnosis. The paper deals on the one hand with criticism of the phenomenological paradigm of an alleged oblivion of power, and on the other hand it reflects upon the this paradigm'spotential of with respect to a formulation of social critique.

Strengths-Based Approaches to Conducting Research With Low-Income and Other Marginalized Populations

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-108
Author(s):  
Sherry Hamby
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Multiple Characteristics ◽  
Conducting Research

As researchers, providers, and policymakers strive to make their work more inclusive, it is important to move beyond simply paying more attention to “understudied” groups. Along with calls for more research, there should be equally vigorous calls to move beyond stigmatizing, deficits-based approaches and instead develop respectful, strengths-based lenses. One challenge is the lack of published guidance about how to interact professionally with marginalized populations. Guided by standpoint theory, I share my experiences and recommendations for working with marginalized populations, focusing especially on working with people from low-income and working-class communities. Everyone has a standpoint that is shaped by multiple characteristics, and for many people these will include some privileged and some disadvantaged characteristics. However, even for well-intentioned people, it can be challenging to look beyond one’s socialization and to recognize that personal characteristics, in and of themselves, cannot confer goodness on a person, only privilege. The following recommendations are explored in more detail in the chapter: researchers are encouraged to recognize one’s perspective (reflexivity), avoid setting up studies that inadvertently reflect academic culture, offer incentives that convey respect for people’s time and expertise in their own lives, ensure measures are written in straightforward (not academic) language, include or create measures that explore the strengths of marginalized groups, and disseminate work to communities, not just fellow researchers. Researchers, students, editors, reviewers, and policymakers should be aware of best practices in this area.

Deliberative Media

2018 ◽  
pp. 347-364
Author(s):  
Rousiley Maia
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political System ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Media System ◽  
System P ◽  
Deliberative System ◽  
The Media

The media play an important role in deliberative systems. Although several scholars are skeptical about the potential for enhancing deliberation, this chapter argues that the media system does not necessarily hinder deliberative practices. A better understanding of today’s hybrid media environment—one that merges mass and interpersonal communication and produces mixed-media relationships—is necessary for a critical perspective of connections among parts of a deliberative system. This analysis contends that political communication across Internet-based forums hosted by government bodies, the mainstream media, and multi-platforms of citizens’ talk should be assessed by taking into consideration diversified, complex, and usually contradictory interactions amongst actors that have distinct functions and interests within the political system. Insofar as deliberative principles and expectations are counterfactual, empirical research is always needed to investigate whether or not deliberative virtues are present in different contexts of media-based communication in a continuum of practices that form the deliberative system.

scholarly journals Faktor yang Memengaruhi Efektivitas Komunikasi antar Pemain Game Online PUBG

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-41
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khairul Nuzuli
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Game Addiction ◽  
Negative Impacts

Awalnya game diciptakan untuk menghilangkan kejenuhan, namun intensitas bermain game online yang tinggi mengakibatkan adiksi dan memberikan dampak negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh pengaruh intensitas bermain game online PUBG dan persepsi interpersonal terhadap efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal. Teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Atribusi. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta yang aktif bermain PUBG. Jumlah sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana dan regresi berganda dengan bantuan SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan intensitas bermain game online PUBG dan persepsi interpersonal terhadap efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal. A game was created to eliminate boredom, but the intensity of playing games would lead to game addiction and give negative impacts. This study aims to look at the effect of PUBG online game and interpersonal perception on the effectiveness of interpersonal communication among players by employing Attribution Theory. The sample was 100 students at Amikom University of Yogyakarta who actively played PUBG online game. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analysed using simple and multiple regression analyses using SPSS 25. The results of the study showed that there was a significant influence of playing PUBG online games and interpersonal perception on the effectiveness of interpersonal communication. 

scholarly journals Feminist standpoint theory and science communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. C02
Author(s):  
Megan Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Feminist Standpoint Theory ◽  
Feminist Standpoint ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Marginalized Groups

This commentary introduces feminist standpoint theory and discusses its potential value in science communication. It offers two ways in which feminist standpoints can help in both research and practice. First, science communicators should aim to understand the perspective from which they understand and share scientific knowledge. Second, practitioners and researchers alike should seek insights from marginalized groups to help inform the ways the dominant view of science reflects hegemonic social and cultural norms.

Resident Attribution and Tourist Stereotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy H. C. Hsu ◽  
Nan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Resident Perceptions ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Dual Process Theories ◽  
Attribution Process

The value of attribution theory in explaining and predicting resident perceptions of/reactions toward tourists is underestimated by tourism scholars. This article critically analyses the evolution and underdevelopment of attribution theory, as well as the literature on tourist stereotypes which serve as heuristics that may bias attribution. Under the guidance of dual process theories, a comprehensive conceptual framework is developed to delineate the interactions between a three-step resident attribution process of encounters with tourists and tourist stereotypes’ activation, application/suppression, and modification. Potentially fruitful directions are suggested for future research. This conceptual article not only pioneers in establishing conceptual links between a tourism phenomenon and a social psychological theoretical development, but it also broadens the research paradigm of resident–tourist relationship studies.

Negotiating Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-412
Author(s):  
Karen Campbell ◽  
Corinne Hart
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Nursing Program ◽  
Student Experiences ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Qualitative Researcher ◽  
Critical Qualitative Research ◽  
Relational Factors

Learning to do qualitative research that is grounded in a critical perspective can be a turbulent time for graduate students and supervisors. The influence of power is omnipresent and can create significant problems for graduate student experiences. This article uses the graduate thesis research experience of one student and supervisor dyad to highlight the relational factors that we found to support learning: vulnerability, trust, and patience. For our dyad, negotiating the power structures surrounding us was one strategy that helped foster the development of a critical qualitative researcher. The relational factors that characterized our student-supervisor relationship, similar to those in the critical qualitative research process, provided a basis for discussion and growth through a graduate thesis in a nursing program.

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