scholarly journals Exploring the link between ultraviolet B radiation and immune function in amphibians: implications for emerging infectious diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L Cramp ◽  
Craig E Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation

scholarly journals Early exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation decreases immune function later in life

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. cow037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Ceccato ◽  
Rebecca L. Cramp ◽  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Craig E. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation

scholarly journals Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on physiology, immune function and survival is dependent on temperature: implications for amphibian declines

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas U Lundsgaard ◽  
Rebecca L Cramp ◽  
Craig E Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Amphibian Declines ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

Abstract Multiple environmental changes are thought to be contributing to the widespread decline of amphibians in montane regions, but interactions between drivers of decline are not well understood. It has been proposed previously that elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UBVR) and low temperatures may interact in their negative effects on health, immune function and disease susceptibility in exposed amphibians. In the present study, we chronically exposed larvae of the striped-marsh frog (Limnodynastes peronii) to a factorial combination of high and low UVBR and high and low temperature to assess interactive effects on growth, survival and indices of immune function. The high UVBR treatment reduced growth and survival of larvae compared to the low UVBR treatment at both temperatures, but the effects were significantly enhanced at low temperature. High UVBR exposure also induced a chronic inflammatory response as evidenced by an increase in the leucocyte proportion of total cells and altered the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes in the blood, highlighting a potential mechanistic basis for increased disease susceptibility in amphibians living at high altitudes. Our findings stress the importance of investigating environmental factors in combination when assessing their effects and highlight the mechanistic basis for how key environmental drivers in montane regions affect amphibian health. Continuation of this work is necessary for the development of targeted conservation strategies that tackle the root causes of montane amphibian declines.

Activation of HIV in Human Skin by Ultraviolet B Radiation and its Inhibition by NFκB Blocking Agents¶

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Breuer-McHam ◽  
Eric Simpson ◽  
Irene Dougherty ◽  
Makoto Bonkobara ◽  
Kiyoshi Ariizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Blocking Agents

Evolution, Ayurveda, immunity, and preventive aspects for emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Dhirajsingh Sumersingh Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Living Being

Evolution is continuous process of changes in structural and physiological mechanism in living being. Microbes/pathogens can evolve naturally or artificially and become resistant to various medicines. Novel coronavirus is such evolved pathogen of coronavirus group. Enough strong immunity is needed to prevent or survive from COVID-19 pandemic. Ayurveda provides ways for evolving physiological responses to built immunity. Present work is brief attempt to increase insight in this filed.Present review was done based on simple theory of evolution, recent updates regarding prevention of COVID-19, Ayurveda aspect toward infectious diseases and Ayurveda ways towards prevention of infectious diseases with special reference to COVID-19. Person with impaired immunity is more susceptible for COVID-19 and thus immunity is an important preventing factor. Ayurveda Rasayana (rejuvanation) herbs, Yoga exercises, Pranayama (special breathing exercise), daily regimens and personal hygiene guidelines can be helpful strategies in controlling the spread of COVID-19.The preventive aspects of pandemic situations are narrated in Ayurveda with enough details. These ways need to be scientifically explored and refined for precision. As prevention is always better than cure hence Ayurveda ways can be considered for future strategies to avoid pandemics such as COVID-19.  There is great need of research on Ayurveda medicines on COVID-19 like diseases.

Awareness of symptomatic differences Covid-19, SARS, Swine Flu, Common cold among dental students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033
Author(s):  
Nivedha Valliammai Mahalingam ◽  
Abilasha R ◽  
Kavitha S
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Enormous successes have been obtained against the control of major epidemic diseases, such as SARS, MERS, Ebola, Swine Flu in the past. Dynamic interplay of biological, socio-cultural and ecological factors, together with novel aspects of human-animal interphase, pose additional challenges with respect to the emergence of infectious diseases. The important challenges faced in the control and prevention of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases range from understanding the impact of factors that are necessary for the emergence, to development of strengthened surveillance systems that can mitigate human suffering and death. The aim of the current study is to assess the awareness of symptomatic differences between viral diseases like COVID-19, SARS, Swine flu and common cold among dental students that support the prevention of emergence or re-emergence. Cross-sectional type of study conducted among the undergraduate students comprising 100 Subjects. A questionnaire comprising 15 questions in total were framed, and responses were collected in Google forms in SPSS Software statistical analysis. The study has concluded that dental students have an awareness of the symptomatic differences between infectious viral disease. The study concluded that the awareness of symptomatic differences between viral diseases like COVID-19, SARS, Swine flu, Common cold is good among the dental students who would pave the way for early diagnosis and avoid spreading of such diseases. A further awareness can be created by regular webinars, seminars and brainstorming sessions among these healthcare professionals.

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