scholarly journals A Novel, High-sensitivity, Bacteriophage-based Assay Identifies Low-level Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacteremia in Immunocompetent Patients With Active and Incipient Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Verma ◽  
Benjamin M C Swift ◽  
Wade Handley-Hartill ◽  
Joanne K Lee ◽  
Gerrit Woltmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Blood Assay ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

AbstractThe haematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is critical to the pathogenesis of progressive tuberculous infections in animal models. Using a novel, phage-based blood assay, we report the first concordant evidence in well-characterized, immunocompetent human cohorts, demonstrating associations of Mtb bacteremia with progressive phenotypes of latent infection and active pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Deep Learning–based Automatic Detection Algorithm for Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis on Chest Radiographs

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Jin Hwang ◽  
Sunggyun Park ◽  
Kwang-Nam Jin ◽  
Jung Im Kim ◽  
So Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Abstract Background Detection of active pulmonary tuberculosis on chest radiographs (CRs) is critical for the diagnosis and screening of tuberculosis. An automated system may help streamline the tuberculosis screening process and improve diagnostic performance. Methods We developed a deep learning–based automatic detection (DLAD) algorithm using 54c221 normal CRs and 6768 CRs with active pulmonary tuberculosis that were labeled and annotated by 13 board-certified radiologists. The performance of DLAD was validated using 6 external multicenter, multinational datasets. To compare the performances of DLAD with physicians, an observer performance test was conducted by 15 physicians including nonradiology physicians, board-certified radiologists, and thoracic radiologists. Image-wise classification and lesion-wise localization performances were measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the alternative free-response ROC curves, respectively. Sensitivities and specificities of DLAD were calculated using 2 cutoffs (high sensitivity [98%] and high specificity [98%]) obtained through in-house validation. Results DLAD demonstrated classification performance of 0.977–1.000 and localization performance of 0.973–1.000. Sensitivities and specificities for classification were 94.3%–100% and 91.1%–100% using the high-sensitivity cutoff and 84.1%–99.0% and 99.1%–100% using the high-specificity cutoff. DLAD showed significantly higher performance in both classification (0.993 vs 0.746–0.971) and localization (0.993 vs 0.664–0.925) compared to all groups of physicians. Conclusions Our DLAD demonstrated excellent and consistent performance in the detection of active pulmonary tuberculosis on CR, outperforming physicians, including thoracic radiologists.

scholarly journals Community-Acquired Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae: When to Consider Coinfection with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ruslan Garcia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important cause of hospitalizations in adults. In the United States, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently identified bacterial pathogen responsible for CAP. Other etiologic pathogens of CAP vary based on the geographic region. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an uncommon cause of CAP in the United States, while it is a principal cause in many African and Asian countries. Coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rare and has only been reported in the setting of underlying HIV infection in areas of high tuberculosis prevalence. Here, we report a case of CAP in the absence of HIV, where Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified on admission and delay in diagnosis of concomitant active pulmonary tuberculosis led to inappropriate isolation. In addition to a high index of suspicion, epidemiologic and radiographic findings can be helpful to recognize tuberculosis as a cause of CAP even when other pathogens have already been identified.

scholarly journals Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Triggered by Interferon Beta-1b Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis: Four Case Reports and a Literature Review

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Adella Sirbu ◽  
Elena Dantes ◽  
Cristina Florentina Plesa ◽  
Any Docu Axelerad ◽  
Minerva Claudia Ghinescu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Disease Modifying

In this paper, we reported on four cases of severe pulmonary active tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b) therapy. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in MS may increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) due to their impact on cellular immunity. Screening for latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) should be performed, not only for the newer DMTs (alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab) but also for IFNβ-1b, alongside better supervision of these patients.

scholarly journals Mixed Th1 and Th2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cell responses in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0005817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Amelio ◽  
Damien Portevin ◽  
Klaus Reither ◽  
Francis Mhimbira ◽  
Maxmillian Mpina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Th1 And Th2

scholarly journals High-resolution plasma metabolomics analysis to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated metabolites that distinguish active pulmonary tuberculosis in humans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Collins ◽  
Douglas I. Walker ◽  
Dean P. Jones ◽  
Nestani Tukvadze ◽  
Ken H. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document