scholarly journals Impact of 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction on Pneumococcal Carriage and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns among Children aged <5 Years and Adults with HIV Infection, Kenya 2009–2013

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwako Kobayashi ◽  
Godfrey Bigogo ◽  
Lindsay Kim ◽  
Ondari D Mogeni ◽  
Laura M Conklin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals Effect of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction on pneumococcal carriage in Fiji: results from four annual cross-sectional carriage surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e1375-e1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen M Dunne ◽  
Catherine Satzke ◽  
Felisita T Ratu ◽  
Eleanor F G Neal ◽  
Laura K Boelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage

scholarly journals Pneumococcal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in mother-baby pairs in a rural community in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Gabriel Madut Akech ◽  
Mercy Naloli ◽  
Paul Sebwami ◽  
Patrick Kazibwe ◽  
Maureen Atwikiriize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Pneumonia poses a significant threat to the lives of children below five years old worldwide, contributing to a high number of hospitalizations and death. Morbidity and morbidity are especially common in children under five and the elderly, although any age group can be affected. This study aimed to estimate pneumococcal carriage and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pneumococci isolated from mother-baby pairs in Ngora district after the rollout of the pneumococcal vaccine. We hypothesized that high carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in mothers leads to carriage in their babies and hence a greater chance of contracting pneumonia. Methods: Consecutive sampling was used to select 152 mother-baby pairs from community visits and those seeking care at the health facility. We collected nasal swabs from both baby and mother for culture and sensitivity testing using the Kirby-Bauer’s agar disc diffusion method. Results: This study found that there was a low prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in the mother-baby pair in Ngora district. We also observed high rates of microbial resistance to penicillin, which is the first-line drug for the management of pneumonia in Uganda. Conclusions: The relationship between pneumococcal carriage and immunization status suggests that the pneumococcal vaccine is protective against pneumococcal carriage. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to commonly used antibiotics was high.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Carriage and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Mother-Baby Pairs in a rural community in Eastern Uganda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Madut Akech ◽  
Mercy Naloli ◽  
Paul Sebwami ◽  
Patrick Kazibwe ◽  
Maureen Atwikiriize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Eastern Uganda ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to estimate pneumococcal carriage and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pneumococci isolated in the mother-baby pairs in Ngora district after the roll out of the pneumococcal vaccine. We hypothesized that high carriage of S. pneumoniae in mothers leads to carriage in their babies and hence a greater chance of contacting pneumoniae. Results: Consecutive sampling technique was used to select 152 mother-baby pairs from the community visits and those seeking care at the health facility. We collected nasal swabs from both baby and mother for culture and sensitivity using the Kirby-Bauer’s agar disc diffusion method. This study found that there was a low prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in the mother-baby pair in Ngora district. We also observed high rates microbial resistance to Penicillin which is the first-line management of pneumonia in Uganda. The relationship between pneumococcal carriage and immunization status suggest that Pneumococcal vaccine is protective against pneumococcal carriage. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to the commonly used antibiotics was high. Key words: Pneumococcal carriage, mother-baby pair, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, immunization with PCV 10, Eastern Uganda.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in mother-baby pairs in a rural community in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Gabriel Madut Akech ◽  
Mercy Naloli ◽  
Paul Sebwami ◽  
Patrick Kazibwe ◽  
Maureen Atwikiriize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Pneumococcal carriage predisposes children to pneumonia. Pneumonia poses a significant threat to the lives of children below five years old worldwide, contributing to a high number of hospitalizations and death. Morbidity and morbidity are especially common in children under five and the elderly, although any age group can be affected. This study aimed to estimate pneumococcal carriage and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pneumococci isolated from mother-baby pairs in Ngora district after the rollout of the pneumococcal vaccine. We hypothesized that high carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in mothers leads to carriage in their babies and hence a greater chance of contracting pneumonia. Methods: Consecutive sampling was used to select 152 mother-baby pairs from community visits and those seeking care at the health facility. We collected nasal swabs from both baby and mother for culture and sensitivity testing using Kirby-Bauer’s agar disc diffusion method. Results: This study found that there was a low prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in the mother-baby pair in the Ngora district. We also observed high rates of microbial resistance to penicillin, which is the first-line drug for the management of pneumonia in Uganda. Conclusions: The relationship between pneumococcal carriage and immunization status suggests that the pneumococcal vaccine is protective against the pneumococcal carriage. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to commonly used antibiotics was high.

scholarly journals Effect of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Streptococcus pneumoniae Nasopharyngeal Carriage Among Children Less Than 5 Years Old: 3 Years Post-10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction in Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J Valenciano ◽  
Benild Moiane ◽  
Fernanda C Lessa ◽  
Alberto Chaúque ◽  
Sergio Massora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Carriage Prevalence

Abstract Background Mozambique introduced 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in 2013 with doses at ages 2, 3, and 4 months and no catch-up or booster dose. We evaluated PCV10 impact on the carriage of vaccine-type (VT), non-VT, and antimicrobial non-susceptible pneumococci 3 years after introduction. Methods We conducted cross-sectional carriage surveys among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children aged 6 weeks to 59 months: 1 pre-PCV10 (2012–2013 [Baseline]) and 2 post-PCV10 introductions (2014–2015 [Post1] and 2015–2016 [Post2]). Pneumococci isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs underwent Quellung serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Non-susceptible isolates (intermediate or resistant) were defined using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2018 breakpoints. We used log-binomial regression to estimate changes in the pneumococcal carriage between survey periods. We compared proportions of non-susceptible pneumococci between Baseline and Post2. Results We enrolled 720 children at Baseline, 911 at Post1, and 1208 at Post2. Baseline VT carriage was similar for HIV-uninfected (36.0%, 110/306) and HIV-infected children (34.8%, 144/414). VT carriage was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19%–49%) and 27% (95% CI: 11%–41%) lower in Post1 vs baseline among HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected children, respectively. VT carriage prevalence declined in Post2 vs Post1 for HIV-uninfected but remained stable for HIV-infected children. VT carriage prevalence 3 years after PCV10 introduction was 14.5% in HIV-uninfected and 21.0% in HIV-infected children. Pneumococcal isolates non-susceptible to penicillin declined from 66.0% to 56.2% (P= .0281) among HIV-infected children. Conclusions VT and antimicrobial non-susceptible pneumococci carriage dropped after PCV10 introduction, especially in HIV-uninfected children. However, VT carriage remained common, indicating ongoing VT pneumococci transmission.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in mother-baby pairs in a rural community in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Gabriel Madut Akech ◽  
Mercy Naloli ◽  
Paul Sebwami ◽  
Patrick Kazibwe ◽  
Maureen Atwikiriize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Pneumococcal carriage predisposes children to pneumonia. Pneumonia poses a significant threat to the lives of children below five years old worldwide, contributing to a high number of hospitalizations and death. Morbidity and morbidity are especially common in children under five and the elderly, although any age group can be affected. This study aimed to estimate pneumococcal carriage and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pneumococci isolated from mother-baby pairs in Ngora district after the rollout of the pneumococcal vaccine. We hypothesized that high carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in mothers leads to carriage in their babies and hence a greater chance of contracting pneumonia. Methods: Consecutive sampling was used to select 152 mother-baby pairs from community visits and those seeking care at the health facility. We collected nasal swabs from both baby and mother for culture and sensitivity testing using Kirby-Bauer’s agar disc diffusion method. Data was also collected from the mothers who consented to take part in the study, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: This study found that there was a low prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in the mother-baby pair in the Ngora district. Only one mother-baby pair (1/152) was found to be colonized with pneumococci in both mother and baby and the rest of S. pneumoniae colonized either the mother or baby. We also observed high rates of microbial resistance to penicillin, which is the first-line drug for the management of pneumonia in Uganda. Also, high resistance patterns were recorded with chloramphenicol (50%) and tetracycline (50%), whereas the lowest resistance was recorded in clindamycin (17%). Conclusions: The relationship between pneumococcal carriage and immunization status suggests that the pneumococcal vaccine is protective against the pneumococcal carriage. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to commonly used antibiotics was high.

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