scholarly journals The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Age-Related Decline in Gait Speed Among Older Men Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Todd T Brown ◽  
David C Samuels ◽  
Todd Hulgan ◽  
Gypsyamber D’Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals From Capsids to Complexes: Expanding the Role of TRIM5α in the Restriction of Divergent RNA Viruses and Elements

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Rose ◽  
Stephanie J. Spada ◽  
Rebecca Broeckel ◽  
Kristin L. McNally ◽  
Vanessa M. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv 1

An evolutionary arms race has been ongoing between retroviruses and their primate hosts for millions of years. Within the last century, a zoonotic transmission introduced the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1), a retrovirus, to the human population that has claimed the lives of millions of individuals and is still infecting over a million people every year. To counteract retroviruses such as this, primates including humans have evolved an innate immune sensor for the retroviral capsid lattice known as TRIM5α. Although the molecular basis for its ability to restrict retroviruses is debated, it is currently accepted that TRIM5α forms higher-order assemblies around the incoming retroviral capsid that are not only disruptive for the virus lifecycle, but also trigger the activation of an antiviral state. More recently, it was discovered that TRIM5α restriction is broader than previously thought because it restricts not only the human retroelement LINE-1, but also the tick-borne flaviviruses, an emergent group of RNA viruses that have vastly different strategies for replication compared to retroviruses. This review focuses on the underlying mechanisms of TRIM5α-mediated restriction of retroelements and flaviviruses and how they differ from the more widely known ability of TRIM5α to restrict retroviruses.

Alteration in the Proportion of CD4 T Lymphocytes in a Subgroup of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed-Uninfected Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
Matthew Gesner ◽  
Vana Papaevangelou ◽  
Song-He Chen ◽  
Tiina Moore ◽  
Keith Krasinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocyte ◽  
Cd4 Percentage

Objective. The age-related changes in the proportion of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative children born to HIV-infected mothers (seroreverters) were compared with the changes in these lymphocyte subsets in children born to seronegative women to assess a possible effect of exposure to HIV without infection. Design. There were 146 seroreverter and 72 seronegative children. The median CD4 and CD8 percentages for each of these two groups of children were compared retrospectively at 3-month intervals from birth through 27 months and at a tenth interval for the time beyond 27 months. The weighted average of the within-subject rate of change of CD4 and CD8 percentages were also compared between the two groups. Finally, for each subject, the proportion of the subject's CD4 percentage assays which were <10th percentile of the entire study population (30%) was calculated, and the distributions of the subject-specific proportions were then compared between the seronegative and seroreverter groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. The proportion of CD8 assays <10th percentile (12%) or >90th percentile (26%) were also computed for each subject, and the distributions of the proportions were compared similarily. Results. The median CD4 percentage for seroreverter children was lower than that for the seronegative children at every interval from birth through 27 months and for the last interval for values obtained at greater than 27 months, although the comparison was statistically significant only at the 4- to 6-month period. The weighted average of the within-subject rate of change of CD4 percentage was -0.09 and -3.0 per year (P .04), and of CD8 percentage was 1.3 and 1.0 (P = .67), for the seroreverter and seronegative children, respectively. There were significantly more children in the seroreverter group than in the seronegative group who had repeated assays in which the CD4 percentage was <10th percentile for age (P <.00005). In addition, there was a subset of 10 seroreverter children (6.8%) who had CD4 percentages <30% on >50% of their assays, as compared with only one (1.4%) seronegative child. The proportion of CD8 assays <10th percentile or >90th percentile were not significantly different between the two groups of children. Conclusions. The CD4 proportions were persistently lower in the seroreverter than in the seronegative population, although only reaching statistical significance in 1 of 10 3-month intervals. This finding may be due to a subgroup of seroreverter children who have persistently low CD4 lymphocyte percentages.

scholarly journals Rectal plasmablastic lymphoma in Ebstein Barr virus positive and human immunodeficiency virus negative subject after external radiation therapy for prostatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-661
Author(s):  
L Bricman ◽  
P Yengue ◽  
C Miscu ◽  
S Junius ◽  
F Waignein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Ebstein Barr Virus ◽  
External Radiation Therapy ◽  
Negative Subject ◽  
Aggressive Subtype ◽  
Hiv Negative

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) represents a rare and aggressive subtype of diffuse large B cells lymphoma (DLBCL) most associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prognosis remains poor despite various treatment approaches. We describe an evolution at six months of HIV negative PBL and Ebstein Barr virus (EBV) positive PBL with chemotherapy. Role of radiotherapy is still unclear.

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