scholarly journals Colonization Density of the Upper Respiratory Tract as a Predictor of Pneumonia—Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pneumocystis jirovecii

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. S328-S336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Park ◽  
Henry C. Baggett ◽  
Stephen R. C. Howie ◽  
Qiyuan Shi ◽  
Nora L. Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Colonization Density ◽  
Upper Respiratory

scholarly journals Epidemiological Markers for Interactions AmongStreptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae, andStaphylococcus aureusin Upper Respiratory Tract Carriage

2015 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 1596-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Lewnard ◽  
Noga Givon-Lavi ◽  
Amit Huppert ◽  
Melinda M. Pettigrew ◽  
Gili Regev-Yochay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Epidemiological Markers

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LACTOBACILLUS SPP. ON COLONIZATION AND ANTI-INFECTIOUS RESISTANCE OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kalinichenko ◽  
O. O. Korotkykh ◽  
S. I. Pokhil ◽  
M. G. Bakumenko
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Colonization Resistance ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

Background. Lactobacilli are very important for the formation of colonization resistance and have pronounced antagonistic effect against a wide range of microorganisms. That is why the lactobacilli have extensive use as a component of classic probiotic agents that are widely used to prevent and treat dysbiotic conditions of digestive and genital systems of people.Objective. The aim of the research was to study the effect of lactobacilli on anti-infectious resistance of mucous membranes of upper respiratory tract.Methods. The colonization degree (lg CFU / g) of nasal mucosal membranes by Lactobacillus spp. and S. aureus was determined in all carriers before the experiment. Also, the level of lysozyme and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in nasal secretions cavities was identified.Results. It was established a clear dysfunction of anti-infectious resistance in carriers of Staphylococcus aureus - a decrease of colonization resistance and local immunity of mucous membranes of upper respiratory tract. As for the anti-infectious resistance of nasal mucosal of S. aureus carriers, the level of lysozyme and secretory immunoglobulin A gradually increased after the application of probiotic strain L. rhamnosus GG, and in 21 days it reached rates of healthy individuals.Conclusions. It was found out that probiotics for nasal passages sanitation in Staphylococcus aureus carriers lead to gradual eradication of the pathogen (S. aureus) with restoration of colonization and anti-infectious resistance, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.

scholarly journals Anterior Nares Diversity and Pathobionts Represent Sinus Microbiome in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

mSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilke De Boeck ◽  
Stijn Wittouck ◽  
Katleen Martens ◽  
Jos Claes ◽  
Mark Jorissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Upper Respiratory

ABSTRACT It is generally believed that the microbiome plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), though its exact contribution to disease development and severity remains unclear. Here, samples were collected from the anterior nares, nasopharynx, and maxillary and ethmoid sinuses of 190 CRS patients and from the anterior nares and nasopharynx of 100 controls. Microbial communities were analyzed by Illumina sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA. The phenotype and patient characteristics were documented, and several serum inflammatory markers were measured. Our data indicate a rather strong continuity for the microbiome in the different upper respiratory tract (URT) niches in CRS patients, with the microbiome in the anterior nares being most similar to the sinus microbiome. Bacterial diversity was reduced in CRS patients without nasal polyps compared to that in the controls but not in CRS patients with nasal polyps. Statistically significant differences in the presence/absence or relative abundance of several taxa were found between the CRS patients and the healthy controls. Of these, Dolosigranulum pigrum was clearly more associated with URT samples from healthy subjects, while the Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, Haemophilus influenzae/H. aegyptius, and Staphylococcus taxa were found to be potential pathobionts in CRS patients. However, CRS versus health as a predictor explained only 1 to 2% of the variance in the microbiome profiles in an adonis model. A history of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, age, and sex also showed a minor association. This study thus indicates that functional studies on the potential beneficial versus pathogenic activity of the different indicator taxa found here are needed to further understand the pathology of CRS and its different phenotypes. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02933983.) IMPORTANCE There is a clear need to better understand the pathology and specific microbiome features in chronic rhinosinusitis patients, but little is known about the bacterial topography and continuity between the different niches of the upper respiratory tract. Our work showed that the anterior nares could be an important reservoir for potential sinus pathobionts. This has implications for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRS. In addition, we found a potential pathogenic role for the Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, Haemophilus influenzae/H. aegyptius, and Staphylococcus taxa and a potential beneficial role for Dolosigranulum. Finally, a decreased microbiome diversity was observed in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps compared to that in healthy controls but not in chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps. This suggests a potential role for the microbiome in disease development or progression of mainly this phenotype.

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