scholarly journals Diffuse White Matter Signal Abnormalities on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Are Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Viral Escape in the Central Nervous System Among Patients With Neurological Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruthiran Kugathasan ◽  
Dami A. Collier ◽  
Lewis J. Haddow ◽  
Kate El Bouzidi ◽  
Simon G. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Viral Escape ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffuse White Matter ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of the brain.

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J Atwood ◽  
J R Berger ◽  
R Kaderman ◽  
C S Tornatore ◽  
E O Major
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hiv 1

Direct infection of the central nervous system by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of AIDS, was not appreciated in the early years of the AIDS epidemic. Neurological complications associated with AIDS were largely attributed to opportunistic infections that arose as a result of the immunocompromised state of the patient and to depression. In 1985, several groups succeeded in isolating HIV-1 directly from brain tissue. Also that year, the viral genome was completely sequenced, and HIV-1 was found to belong to a neurotropic subfamily of retrovirus known as the Lentivirinae. These findings clearly indicated that direct HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system played a role in the development of AIDS-related neurological disease. This review summarizes the clinical manifestations of HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system and the related neuropathology, the tropism of HIV-1 for specific cell types both within and outside of the nervous system, the possible mechanisms by which HIV-1 damages the nervous system, and the current strategies for diagnosis and treatment of HIV-1-associated neuropathology.

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