scholarly journals Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Persons With HIV in New York City, 2001–2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1122-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Hanna ◽  
Chitra Ramaswamy ◽  
Robert C. Kaplan ◽  
Jorge R. Kizer ◽  
Kathryn Anastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Immigrant and US-Born Adults in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110075
Author(s):  
Claudia Chernov ◽  
Lisa Wang ◽  
Lorna E. Thorpe ◽  
Nadia Islam ◽  
Amy Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Objectives Immigrant adults tend to have better health than native-born adults despite lower incomes, but the health advantage decreases with length of residence. To determine whether immigrant adults have a health advantage over US-born adults in New York City, we compared cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among both groups. Methods Using data from the New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014, we assessed health insurance coverage, health behaviors, and health conditions, comparing adults ages ≥20 born in the 50 states or the District of Columbia (US-born) with adults born in a US territory or outside the United States (immigrants, following the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and comparing US-born adults with (1) adults who immigrated recently (≤10 years) and (2) adults who immigrated earlier (>10 years). Results For immigrant adults, the mean time since arrival in the United States was 21.8 years. Immigrant adults were significantly more likely than US-born adults to lack health insurance (22% vs 12%), report fair or poor health (26% vs 17%), have hypertension (30% vs 23%), and have diabetes (20% vs 11%) but significantly less likely to smoke (18% vs 27%) (all P < .05). Comparable proportions of immigrant adults and US-born adults were overweight or obese (67% vs 63%) and reported CVD (both 7%). Immigrant adults who arrived recently were less likely than immigrant adults who arrived earlier to have diabetes or high cholesterol but did not differ overall from US-born adults. Conclusions Our findings may help guide prevention programs and policy efforts to ensure that immigrant adults remain healthy.

scholarly journals Sex Difference in Meningococcal Disease Mortality, New York City, 2008–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Bloch ◽  
Kenya Murray ◽  
Eric Peterson ◽  
Stephanie Ngai ◽  
Inessa Rubinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
York City ◽  
Disease Mortality

Abstract MP76: Assessing the Impact of the "Health Bucks" Program on Cardiovascular Disease in New York City: A Modeling Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heesun Eom ◽  
Stella S Yi ◽  
Daniel Bu ◽  
Rienna Russo ◽  
Brandon Bellows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
York City ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Costs

Background: Low fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is considered one of the leading causes of deteriorating health outcomes, and has been linked to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Yet, few adults in New York City (NYC) consume the daily recommended amounts. In order to address the need for fresh and affordable fruits and vegetables, the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene has implemented the “Health Bucks” program, which provides low-income population with coupons that can be used to purchase fruits and vegetetabls. Previous studies have shown the impact of the Health Bucks program on fruit and vegetable consumption; however, it is unclear how the program would influence cardiovascular health and the associated health care costs in the long term. Objective: To estimate the health and economic impact of the Health Bucks program using a validated microsimulation model of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in NYC. Methods: We used the Simulations for Health Improvement and Equity (SHINE) CVD Model to estimate the impact of the Health Bucks program on lifetime CVD events and direct medical costs (2019 USD). We considered different program strengths by assuming the program can reduce the cost of fruits and vegetables by 20%, 30%, and 40%. Population characteristics were estimated based on data from the 2013-2014 NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CVD risk factor trajectories and risk of incident CVD events were derived from six pooled longitudinal US cohorts. Policy effects were derived from the literature. We run 1,000 simulations to account for uncertainties in the parameter. We discounted costs by 3% and reported health care costs in 2019 dollars. Results: A Health Bucks program that can reduce the cost of fruits and vegetables by 20%, 30%, and 40% would prevent 2,690 (95% CI: -14,793, 20,173), 27,386 (95% CI: 9,967, 44,805), and 50,014 (95% CI: 15,227, 50,014) coronary heart disease events, respectively, over the simulated lifetimes of the NYC population. The program would also prevent 47,469 (95% CI: 35,008, 59,931), 59,127 (95% CI: 46,676, 71,579), and 85,359 (95% CI: 72,902, 97,815) stroke events based on the price reduction level. The program would result in savings in health care costs, ranged from $937 million to $1.8 billion based on the price reduction level over the lifetime or from $19 million to $37 million annually. Conclusions: We projected that the Health Bucks program could prevent a significant number of CVD events among adults in NYC and yield substantial health care cost savings. Public health practitioners and policymakers may consider adopting this program in other locations.

scholarly journals Heart Age, Cardiovascular Disease Risk, and Disparities by Sex and Race/Ethnicity Among New York City Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman P. Tabaei ◽  
Shadi Chamany ◽  
Sharon Perlman ◽  
Lorna Thorpe ◽  
Katherine Bartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
York City ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Heart Age

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. The risk for developing CVD is usually calculated and communicated to patients as a percentage. The calculation of heart age—defined as the predicted age of a person’s vascular system based on the person’s CVD risk factor profile—is an alternative method for expressing CVD risk. We estimated heart age among adults aged 30-74 in New York City and examined disparities in excess heart age by race/ethnicity and sex. Methods: We applied data from the 2011, 2013, and 2015 New York State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to the non–laboratory-based Framingham risk score functions to calculate 10-year CVD risk and heart age by sex, race/ethnicity, and selected sociodemographic groups and risk factors. Results: Of 6117 men and women in the study sample, the average heart age was 5.7 years higher than the chronological age, and 2631 (43%) adults had a predicted heart age ≥5 years older than their chronological age. Mean excess heart age increased with age (from 0.7 year among adults aged 30-39 to 11.2 years among adults aged 60-74) and body mass index (from 1.1 year among adults with normal weight to 11.8 years among adults with obesity). Non-Latino white women had the lowest mean excess heart age (2.3 years), and non-Latino black men and women had the highest excess heart age (8.4 years). Conclusions: Racial/ethnic and sex disparities in CVD risk persist among adults in New York City. Use of heart age at the population level can support public awareness and inform targeted programs and interventions for population subgroups most at risk for CVD.

Abstract P265: Trends In Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Older Adults (65+ Years) In New York City

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rienna Russo ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Simona Kwon ◽  
Chau Trinh-Shevrin ◽  
Stella S Yi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
York City ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Older Adult Population

Introduction: There was a 19% increase in the older adult population ages 65 and older in New York City (NYC) between 2005 and 2015, which now comprises about 1.13 million people. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among this older adult population. Dietary modification has been linked to improved CVD outcomes in older adults, demonstrating that prevention efforts are still effective in older age. Over the past decade, NYC has led numerous initiatives to improve dietary and physical activity behaviors. Little is known about the impact of these policies on CVD health and behavioral risk factors among older adults. Hypothesis: We anticipate that cardiovascular disease risk factors (fruit and vegetable intake; sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake; exercise; diabetes; cholesterol; and hypertension) will have remained stagnant over an eight year period, from 2009 to 2017, as older adults remain a largely under-reached population. Methods: The New York City Community Health Survey (CHS) is an annual cross-sectional survey among NYC residents. A trend analysis was conducted using data from 2009 to 2017. Adults aged 65 years and older were included in the analysis (n= 20,771). Annual estimates of the percentage of persons with select CVD risk factors were calculated. Linear regression was used to measure changes over time; binary variables were scaled as 0 to 100 to represent percentages. Nonlinearity assessments were conducted and segmented regression models were used when appropriate. All analyses were conducted in SUDAAN v.11.0.3, using appropriate sample weights incorporating the complex survey design. Results: In 2017, over one-quarter (27.3%; 703/2,576) of older adults were diagnosed with diabetes, and almost two-thirds (64.8%; 1,664 /2,568) were diagnosed with hypertension. Only 10.4% (257/2,475) of older adults consumed 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables and 17.3% (440/2,548) consumed at least one serving of SSB per day. From 2009-2017, there was an increase in the prevalence of diabetes among older adults (Average Percent Change [APC] 0.68; p<0.0001). There were decreases in the percentages of older adults consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables (APC -0.30; p=0.007) and one or more SSB across the years (APC -0.38; p=0.010). From 2010-2014, there was a decrease in the prevalence of older adults with high cholesterol (APC -1.06; p=0.047). There were no significant changes in hypertension or exercise rates over time. Conclusion: Decreases in SSB consumption and cholesterol indicate that some prevention efforts may have reached the older adult population. Despite these successes, more older adults suffer from diabetes and hypertension and fewer consume the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables. In conclusion, more targeted policies and programs are needed to address CVD risks among older adults, as this population continues to grow.

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