scholarly journals Seasonality of Both Bacteremic and Nonbacteremic Pneumonia Coincides With Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Early Childhood, in Contrast to Nonpneumonia Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, in the Pre-Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1384-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom Ben-Shimol ◽  
David Greenberg ◽  
Guy Hazan ◽  
Yonat Shemer-Avni ◽  
Noga Givon-Lavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Use of Chest Radiography Examination as a Probe for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Impact on Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Young Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom Ben-Shimol ◽  
Ron Dagan ◽  
Noga Givon-Lavi ◽  
Dekel Avital ◽  
Jacob Bar-Ziv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) is considered a bacterial disease, mainly pneumococcal. CAAP rates markedly declined following 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introductions worldwide. In contrast, non-CAAP lower respiratory tract infections (NA-LRIs) are generally not considered pneumococcal diseases. We assessed CAAP, NA-LRIs, and overall visits with chest radiograph (CXR) examination rates in the pediatric emergency room in southern Israel before and after PCV implementation. Methods This was an ongoing, prospective observational study. Our hospital serves a captive population of approximately 75 000 children aged <5 years, enabling incidence calculation. PCV7 and PCV13 were implemented in Israel in July 2009 and November 2010, respectively. All CXRs were analyzed according to the World Health Organization Standardization of Interpretation. We calculated CAAP, NA-LRI, and CXR examinations annual incidences from 2004 to 2017 and incidence rate ratios comparing the PCV13 (2014–2017) with the pre-PCV (2004–2008) periods. Results Overall, 72 746 CXR examinations were recorded: 14% CAAP and 86% NA-LRI. CAAP, NA-LRI, and CXR examination visit rates declined by 49%, 34%, and 37%, respectively. This pattern was seen in Jewish and Bedouin children (the 2 ethnically distinct populations), with steeper declines observed among Jewish children and children aged >12 months. Conclusions PCV7/PCV13 implementation resulted in a marked decline in CAAP and overall visits with CXR examination rates in young children. Overall, approximately 14 750 hospital visits with CXR were prevented annually per 100 000 population aged <5 years. These findings suggest that although NA-LRIs are usually not considered pneumococcal, many can be prevented by PCVs. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7/PCV13) implementation resulted in significant declines in community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) and overall chest radiography examination rates in young children. Although non-CAAP lower respiratory tract infections are usually not considered pneumococcal, many can be prevented by PCVs.

Association between early childhood lower respiratory tract infections and subsequent asthma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mark S. Brittan ◽  
Angela Moss ◽  
John D. Watson ◽  
Monica J. Federico ◽  
John D. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Lung function at 10 yr is not impaired by early childhood lower respiratory tract infections

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Håland ◽  
Karin Cecilie Lødrup Carlsen ◽  
Petter Mowinckel ◽  
Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Devulapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections
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