scholarly journals Sera neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 and multiple variants six month after hospitalization for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Betton ◽  
Marine Livrozet ◽  
Delphine Planas ◽  
Antoine Fayol ◽  
Blandine Monel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Initial Severity ◽  
Multiple Variants ◽  
Ancestral Strain ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 occurs within the first weeks after COVID-19. Those antibodies exert a neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2, whose evolution overtime after COVID-19 as well as efficiency against novel variants are however poorly characterized. Methods In this prospective study, sera of 107 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were collected at 3- and 6-months post-infection. We performed quantitative neutralization experiments on top of high-throughput serological assays evaluating anti-Spike (S) and anti-Nucleocapsid (NP) IgG. Findings Levels of sero-neutralization and IgG rates against the ancestral strain decreased significantly over time. After 6 months, 2.8% of the patients had a negative serological status for both anti-S and anti-NP IgG. However, all sera had a persistent and effective neutralizing effect against SARS-CoV-2. IgG levels correlated with sero-neutralization and this correlation was stronger for anti-S than for anti-NP antibodies. The level of sero-neutralization quantified at 6 months correlated with markers of initial severity, notably admission in intensive care units and the need for mechanical invasive ventilation. In addition, sera collected at 6 months were tested against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and showed efficient neutralizing effects against D614G, B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants but a significantly weaker activity against B.1.351 variant. Interpretation Decrease of IgG rates and serological assays becoming negative did not imply loss of neutralizing capacity. Our results indicate a sustained humoral response against the ancestral strain and the D614G, B.1.1.7 and P.1 variants for at least 6 months in patients previously hospitalized for COVID-19. A weaker protection was however observed for the B.1.351 variant.

Trends in Therapy and Outcomes Associated With Respiratory Failure in Patients Admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662110034
Author(s):  
Jacob C. Jentzer ◽  
Carlos L. Alviar ◽  
P. Elliott Miller ◽  
Thomas Metkus ◽  
Courtney E. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Over Time

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology, outcomes, and temporal trends of respiratory failure in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of 2,986 unique Mayo Clinic CICU patients from 2007 to 2018 with respiratory failure. Temporal trends were analyzed, along with hospital and 1-year mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine adjusted hospital mortality trends. Results: The prevalence of respiratory failure in the CICU increased from 15% to 38% during the study period ( P < 0.001 for trend). Among patients with respiratory failure, the utilization of invasive ventilation decreased and noninvasive ventilation modalities increased over time. Hospital mortality and 1-year mortality were 24% and 54%, respectively, with variation according to the type of respiratory support (highest among patients receiving invasive ventilation alone: 35% and 46%, respectively). Hospital mortality was highest among patients with concomitant cardiac arrest and/or shock (52% for patients with both). Hospital mortality decreased in the overall population from 35% to 25% ( P < 0.001 for trend), but was unchanged among patients receiving positive-pressure ventilation. Conclusions: The prevalence of respiratory failure in CICU more than doubled during the last decade. The use of noninvasive respiratory support increased, while overall mortality declined over time. Cardiac arrest and shock accounted for the majority of deaths. Further research is needed to optimize the outcomes of high-risk CICU patients with respiratory failure.

scholarly journals First Survey of SNPs in TMEM154, TLR9, MYD88 and CCR5 Genes in Sheep Reared in Italy and their Association with Resistance to SRLVs Infection

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Chiara Arcangeli ◽  
Daniele Lucarelli ◽  
Martina Torricelli ◽  
Carla Sebastiani ◽  
Marcella Ciullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Ccr5 Gene ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Visna Virus ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Tlr9 Gene ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Serological Status

Maedi-visna virus (MVV) and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), referred to as small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs), belong to the genus Lentivirus of the Retroviridae family. SRLVs infect both sheep and goats, causing significant economic losses and animal welfare damage. Recent findings suggest an association between serological status and allelic variants of different genes such as TMEM154, TLR9, MYD88 and CCR5. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of specific polymorphisms of these genes in SRLVs infection in some sheep flocks in Italy. In addition to those already known, novel variants in the TMEM154 (P7H, I74V, I105V) gene were detected in this study. The risk of infection was determined finding an association between the serological status and polymorphisms P7H, E35K, N70I, I74V, I105V of TMEM154, R447Q, A462S and G520R in TLR9 gene, H176H* and K190K* in MYD88 genes, while no statistical association was observed for the 4-bp deletion of the CCR5 gene. Since no vaccines or treatments have been developed, a genetically based approach could be an innovative strategy to prevent and to control SRLVs infection. Our findings are an important starting point in order to define the genetic resistance profile towards SRLVs infection.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Legros ◽  
Solène Denolly ◽  
Manon Vogrig ◽  
Bertrand Boson ◽  
Eglantine Siret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immune Correlates ◽  
Human Coronaviruses

AbstractUnderstanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and, thus, for public health policy and vaccine development for COVID-19. In this study, using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein (Spike), we studied the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed infections, including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms, including those that required intensive care. We show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG levels. Indeed, patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers; conversely, patients with milder disease symptoms had heterogeneous nAb titers, and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient-care patients had no or low nAbs. We found that nAb activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery compared to individuals infected with other coronaviruses. Moreover, we found an absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we found that the D614G mutation in the spike protein, which has recently been identified as the current major variant in Europe, does not allow neutralization escape. Altogether, our results contribute to our understanding of the immune correlates of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, and rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is warranted.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein concentrations over time in the intensive care unit COVID-19 patients: Results from the ApoCOVID study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0239573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Tanaka ◽  
Christian De Tymowski ◽  
Maksud Assadi ◽  
Nathalie Zappella ◽  
Sylvain Jean-Baptiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Persistence of Pneumococcal Serotype 3 in Adult Pneumococcal Disease in Hong Kong

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Reema Subramanian ◽  
Veranja Liyanapathirana ◽  
Nilakshi Barua ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Maggie Haitian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Adult Vaccination ◽  
Pneumococcal Serotype ◽  
Pneumococcal Immunisation ◽  
Microbroth Dilution ◽  
Over Time

The epidemiology of hospitalised pneumococcal disease in adults following the introduction of universal childhood pneumococcal immunisation in 2009 was assessed. Culture-confirmed Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) from adults hospitalised between 2009 to 2017 were examined. The cases were categorised into invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia (bacteraemic, non-bacteraemic, and that associated with other lung conditions). The isolates were serotyped and antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by microbroth dilution. Patient characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes were analysed. Seven hundred and seventy-four patients (mean age, 67.7 years, SD ± 15.6) were identified, and IPD was diagnosed in 110 (14.2%). The most prevalent serotype, 19F, was replaced by serotype 3 over time. Penicillin and cefotaxime non-susceptibilities were high at 54.1% and 39.5% (meningitis breakpoints), 19.9% and 25.5% (non-meningitis breakpoints), respectively. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 7.8% and 20.4% for IPD. Age ≥ 75 years (OR:4.6, CI:1.3–17.0, p < 0.02), presence of any complications (OR:4.1, CI:1.02–16.3, p < 0.05), pleural effusion (OR:6.7, CI:1.2–39.4, p < 0.03) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR:9.0, CI:1.3–63.4, p < 0.03) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Pneumococcal disease by PCV 13 covered serotypes; in particular, 19F and 3 are still prominent in adults. Strengthening targeted adult vaccination may be necessary in order to reduce disease burden.

Very Low Birth Weight Outcomes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-357
Author(s):  
WILLIAM TARNOW-MORDI ◽  
ANDREW WILKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Initial Severity

To the Editor.— In their valuable report1 Dr Hack and colleagues confirm large variations between centers in the perinatal histories, treatment, and outcomes of very low birth weight infants. Unfortunately, in contrast to earlier reports,2,3 they neglect to mention the need for measures of initial disease severity. This is an important omission. In a survey of nine pediatric intensive care centers Pollack et al4 showed that hospital mortality varied from 3.6% to 17%. This large variation was explained completely by differences between hospital populations in initial severity of disease, calculated from routine indices of physiologic stability on the day of admission.

scholarly journals Family Behaviors as Unchanging Obstacles in End-of-Life Care: 16-Year Comparative Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. e81-e91
Author(s):  
Renea L. Beckstrand ◽  
Jasmine B. Jenkins ◽  
Karlen E. Luthy ◽  
Janelle L. B. Macintosh
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Critical Care Nurses ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Over Time

Background Critical care nurses routinely care for dying patients. Research on obstacles in providing end-of-life care has been conducted for more than 20 years, but change in such obstacles over time has not been examined. Objective To determine whether the magnitude scores of obstacles and helpful behaviors regarding end-of-life care have changed over time. Methods In this cross-sectional survey study, questionnaires were sent to 2000 randomly selected members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. Obstacle and helpful behavior items were analyzed using mean magnitude scores. Current data were compared with data gathered in 1999. Results Of the 2000 questionnaires mailed, 509 usable responses were received. Six obstacle magnitude scores increased significantly over time, of which 4 were related to family issues (not accepting the poor prognosis, intrafamily fighting, overriding the patient’s end-of-life wishes, and not understanding the meaning of the term lifesaving measures). Two were related to nurse issues. Seven obstacles decreased in magnitude, including poor design of units, overly restrictive visiting hours, and physicians avoiding conversations with families. Four helpful behavior magnitude scores increased significantly over time, including physician agreement on patient care and family access to the patient. Three helpful behavior items decreased in magnitude, including intensive care unit design. Conclusions The same end-of-life care obstacles that were reported in 1999 are still present. Obstacles related to family behaviors increased significantly, whereas obstacles related to intensive care unit environment or physician behaviors decreased significantly. These results indicate a need for better end-of-life education for families and health care providers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document