scholarly journals Plant Extract and Herbal Products as Potential Source of Sorbent for Analytical Purpose: An Experimental Study of Morphine and Codeine Determination Using HPLC and LC–MSMS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Ghorani-Azam ◽  
Mahdi Balali-Mood ◽  
Seyed-Mola Khatami ◽  
Ahmad Asoodeh ◽  
Zarrin Es’haghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Spme Fiber ◽  
Potential Source

Abstract Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an analytical method for microextraction of analytes, in which the analytes bind to the sorbent on the surface of the SPME fiber. Many types of chemical agents are used as sorbent; however, many of these sorbents cause secondary contamination or are not cost-effective. Here, aqueous extract of Ferula gummosa was evaluated as potential source of sorbent for simultaneous microextraction of morphine and codeine. For this purpose, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were carboxylated with H2SO4/HNO3 (3:1) and then functionalized with aqueous extract of F. gummosa. Functionalization was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy measurements as well as scanning electron microscopy analysis. Porous polypropylene hollow fibers were filled with the functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and used for analyte extraction in urine sample at 40°C and pH 6 for 2 min. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed that the fiber could preconcentrate 1 ng/mL of morphine and 0.75 ng/mL codeine in urine sample and was successfully used for 30 times with no significant loss in the extraction efficiency. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for morphine were 1 and 3.3 ng/mL, respectively. LOD and LOQ for codeine were determined 0.75 and 2.47 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery of the fiber was 80% and 93% for morphine and codeine, respectively. SPME fiber using extract of F. gummosa plant was used for the detection of a small amount of morphine in urine sample. Therefore, plants can be considered as abundant and cheap sources of sorbent for various analytical purposes.

scholarly journals Oxytetracycline Residues in Honey Analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gajda ◽  
Andrzej Posyniak ◽  
Andrzej Bober ◽  
Tomasz Błądek ◽  
Jan Żmudzki
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Uv Detection ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Summary A liquid chromatography method with UV detection for determination of oxytetracycline (OTC) in honey has been developed. The samples were extracted with the solution of oxalic acid. The clean-up procedure was performed by solid phase extraction (SPE) using polymeric Strata X and carboxylic acid cartridges. Chromatographic separation was carried out on the Luna C8 analytical column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.02 M oxalic acid. The method has been successfully validated according to the requirements of the European Decision 2002/657/EC and this method is used in routine control of oxytetracycline in honey samples. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the presented method were 10 and 12.5 μg/kg, respectively. The developed method has also been verified in quantitative determination of oxytetracycline residues in honey after experimental treatment with this product in bee colonies.

scholarly journals Preconcentration of morphine in urine sample using a green and solvent-free microextraction method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 542-550
Author(s):  
Bamdad Riahi-Zanjani ◽  
Mahdi Balali-Mood ◽  
Zarrin Es’haghi ◽  
Ahmad Asoodeh ◽  
Adel Ghorani-Azam
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Medical Toxicology ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Sem Images

Abstract The ability of extraction and preconcentration of small amounts of substances from biological samples is very important in medical toxicology. On the other hand, minimal use of organic solvents is an important issue to prevent environmental damage. In the present study, we developed a new solid phase microextraction fiber using plant extracts as sorbent for extraction and preconcentration of morphine in urine sample. For this purpose, raw carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were functionalized with tobacco extracts. Functionalization was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy in addition to scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The functionalized CNTs were coated on polypropylene hollow fiber. The results of HPLC analysis showed that the produced fiber could preconcentrate a very low concentration of morphine (0.25 ng/ml) in small volume of urine samples. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the produced fiber were determined 0.25 ng/ml and 0.825 ng/ml, respectively, and recovery of the fiber was determined 89% at LOQ. The produced fiber provided a recyclable and solvent free method for extraction of a trace amount of morphine, which can be successfully used for up to 30 times with no significant loss in the extraction efficiency.

scholarly journals Presence of zearalenone in the most commonly grown wheat cultivars in Serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Jajic ◽  
Sasa Krstovic ◽  
Biljana Perisic ◽  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Vojislava Bursic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Maximum Limit

A total of 45 samples of wheat from three different locations in Vojvodina were analyzed for the presence of zearalenone. Analytical methods based on clean-up by solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns and detection by liquid chromatography were used after validation. Limit of detection for ZEA in wheat was 18.6 ?g/kg and the limit of quantification was 56.5 ?g/kg. Recovery values ranged between 86% and 97%. The occurrence of ZEA in wheat was rather high with 53.3% of positive samples with the average value of 330 ?g/kg. Incidences were found from 68 ?g/kg to 1079 ?g/kg. Contamination levels were above the established maximum limit for unprocessed cereals, other than maize, in as many as seventeen samples. These results were compared to the results of investigation of deoxynivalenol and fumonisin content, established in our previous work on the same samples. The results obtained were also compared to those of the neighboring countries where the relevant data existed and to the data of previous studies in our country.

Screening method for the determination of tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones in animal drinking water by liquid chromatography with diode array detector

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patyra ◽  
E. Kowalczyk ◽  
A. Grelik ◽  
M. Przeniosło-Siwczyńska ◽  
K. Kwiatek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Limit Of Quantification

Abstract A liquid chromatography – diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) procedure has been developed for the determination of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), chlorotetracycline (CTC), doxycycline (DC), enrofloxacin (ENR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), sarafloxacin (SAR) and flumequine (FLU) residues in animal drinking water. This method was applied to animal drinking water. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up on an Oasis HLB cartridge allowed an extract suitable for liquid chromatographic analysis to be obtained. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 analytical column, using gradient elution with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid – acetonitrile – methanol at 30°C. The flow-rate was 0.7 mL/min and the eluate was analysed at 330 nm. The whole procedure was evaluated according to the requirements of the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC, determining specificity, decision limit (CCα), detection capacity (CCβ), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy during validation of the method. The recoveries of TCs and FQs from spiked samples at the levels of 10, 100 and 1000 μg/L were higher than 82%. The developed method based on HPLC-DAD has been applied for the determination of four tetracyclines and four fluoroquinolones in animal drinking water samples.

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