Theoretical Aspects of a Liquid Chromatographic Gas-Phase Interface

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Lucero
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Selected Gas Phase Carbonyls in Tobacco Smoke

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Delmar L Manning ◽  
Michael P Maskarinec ◽  
Roger A Jenkins ◽  
Amos H Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Derivatizing Reagent ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract Low molecular weight gas phase carbonyls in tobacco smoke are separated as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones and determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. A trapping procedure is used whereby the gas phase carbonyls are reacted with the derivatizing reagent in a closed system. The deliveries of acetaldehyde and acrolein are compared with published data. In addition, propionaldehyde and acetone deliveries of selected cigarettes are reported.

scholarly journals Motion and Evaporation of Shear-Driven Liquid Films in Turbulent Gases

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wittig ◽  
J. Himmelsbach ◽  
B. Noll ◽  
H. J. Feld ◽  
W. Samenfink
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Liquid Film ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Optical Instrument ◽  
Turbulent Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

Detailed measurements of wavy liquid films driven by the shear stress of turbulent air flow are obtained for different air temperatures, air velocities and flow rates of the liquid. The experimental conditions are chosen from characteristic data of liquid film flow in prefilming airblast atomizers and film vaporization employing combustors. For the measurement of the local film thickness and film velocity a new optical instrument — based on the light absorption of the liquid — has been developed, which can be used at high temperatures with evaporation. The measured data of the gas phase and the liquid film are compared with the results of a numerical code using a laminar as well as a turbulent model for the film flow and a standard numerical finite volume code for the gas phase. The results utilizing the two models for the liquid film show that the film exhibits laminar rather then turbulent characteristics under a wide range of flow conditions. This is of considerable interest when heat is transferred across the film by heating or cooling of the wall. With this information the optical instrument can also be used to determine the local shear stress of the gas phase at the phase interface. Using time averaged values for the thickness, the velocity and the roughness of the film the code leads to relatively accurate predictions of the interaction of the liquid film with the gas phase.

AMADEUS Project and Microscopic Simulation of Boiling Two-Phase Flow by the Lattice-Boltzmann Method

1997 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 843-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Kato ◽  
Koji Kono ◽  
Takeshi Seta ◽  
Daniel Martínez ◽  
Shiyi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Bubble Dynamics ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Model ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Boltzmann Model

A two-dimensional lattice-Boltzmann model with a hexagonal lattice is developed to simulate a boiling two-phase flow microscopically. Liquid-gas phase transition and bubble dynamics, including bubble formation, growth and deformation, are modeled by using an interparticle potential based on the van der Waals equation of state. Thermohydrodynamics is incorporated into the model by adding extra velocities to define temperature. The lattice-Boltzmann model is solved by a finite difference scheme so that numerical stability can be ensured at large discontinuity across the liquid-gas phase boundary and the narrow phase interface thickness can be attained. It is shown from numerical simulations that the model has the ability to reproduce phase transition, bubble dynamics and thermohydrodynamics while assuring numerical instability and narrow phase interface.

A Dual-Scale LES Subgrid Model for Turbulent Liquid/Gas Phase Interface Dynamics

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Isotropic Turbulence ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Spatial Filtering ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulations ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Interface Dynamics ◽  
Dual Scale

Turbulent liquid/gas phase interface dynamics are at the core of many applications. For example, in atomizing flows, the properties of the resulting liquid spray are determined by the interplay of fluid and surface tension forces. The resulting dynamics typically span 4–6 orders of magnitude in length scales, making direct numerical simulations exceedingly expensive. This motivates the need for modeling approaches based on spatial filtering or ensemble averaging. In this paper, a dual-scale modeling approach is presented to describe turbulent two-phase interface dynamics in a large-eddy-simulation-type spatial filtering context. To close the unclosed terms related to the phase interface arising from filtering the Navier-Stokes equation, a resolved realization of the phase interface dynamics is explicitly filtered. This resolved realization is maintained on a high-resolution over-set mesh using a Refined Local Surface Grid approach [1] employing an un-split, geometric, bounded, and conservative Volume-of-Fluid method [2]. The required model for the resolved realization of the interface advection velocity includes the effects of sub-filter surface tension, dissipation, and turbulent eddies. Results of the dual-scale model are compared to recent direct numerical simulations of an interface in homogeneous isotropic turbulence [3].

Modeling Of Absorption Process In Packing Column Operating In The Emulsification Mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A.B. Golovanchikov ◽  
N.A. Merentsov ◽  
A.V. Kachanov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Actual Surface ◽  
Packing Column

A new approach to the mathematical modeling of packed absorption columns operating in the emulsification mode, which makes it possible to estimate the actual surface of the contact phase of the mass transfer products is presented. Equations for calculating the average diameter of the gas phase bubbles, the thickness of the liquid film between the bubbles in the packed absorption mass-exchange column operating in the emulsification mode are derived on the basis of the equality of the formation energy of the phase interface and the base of their overcoming the hydraulic resistance. A comparison of technological and geometric parameters of a typical packed absorption column with Raschig rings and a column with S-Aisi316Tiε-0.82 packing material based on the metalworked wastes.

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