scholarly journals Individual Differences in Expert Motor Coordination Associated with White Matter Microstructure in the Cerebellum

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2282-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Roberts ◽  
P. G. Bain ◽  
B. L. Day ◽  
M. Husain
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Individual Differences in White Matter Microstructure in the Healthy Brain

Diffusion MRI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Scholz ◽  
Valentina Tomassini ◽  
Heidi Johansen-Berg
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

scholarly journals White Matter Development from Birth to 6 Years of Age: A Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 6152-6168
Author(s):  
Rebecca L Stephens ◽  
Benjamin W Langworthy ◽  
Sarah J Short ◽  
Jessica B Girault ◽  
Martin A Styner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
First Year ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
White Matter Development ◽  
Psychiatric Outcomes ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Data

Abstract Human white matter development in the first years of life is rapid, setting the foundation for later development. Microstructural properties of white matter are linked to many behavioral and psychiatric outcomes; however, little is known about when in development individual differences in white matter microstructure are established. The aim of the current study is to characterize longitudinal development of white matter microstructure from birth through 6 years to determine when in development individual differences are established. Two hundred and twenty-four children underwent diffusion-weighted imaging after birth and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 years. Diffusion tensor imaging data were computed for 20 white matter tracts (9 left–right corresponding tracts and 2 commissural tracts), with tract-based measures of fractional anisotropy and axial and radial diffusivity. Microstructural maturation between birth and 1 year are much greater than subsequent changes. Further, by 1 year, individual differences in tract average values are consistently predictive of the respective 6-year values, explaining, on average, 40% of the variance in 6-year microstructure. Results provide further evidence of the importance of the first year of life with regard to white matter development, with potential implications for informing early intervention efforts that target specific sensitive periods.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in White-Matter Microstructure Reflect Variation in Functional Connectivity during Choice

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 1426-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erie Dell Boorman ◽  
Jacinta O'Shea ◽  
Catherine Sebastian ◽  
Matthew F.S. Rushworth ◽  
Heidi Johansen-Berg
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Individual Differences in White Matter Microstructure in the Healthy Brain

Diffusion MRI ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Scholz ◽  
Valentina Tomassini ◽  
Heidi Johansen-Berg
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

scholarly journals Competing physiological pathways link individual differences in weight and abdominal adiposity to white matter microstructure

NeuroImage ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Verstynen ◽  
Andrea Weinstein ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Lei K. Sheu ◽  
Anna L. Marsland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Physiological Pathways

Individual differences in attentional lapses are associated with fiber‐specific white matter microstructure in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Clemente ◽  
Juan F. Domínguez D ◽  
Phoebe Imms ◽  
Alex Burmester ◽  
Thijs Dhollander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Attentional Lapses

scholarly journals Poorer white matter microstructure predicts slower and more variable reaction time performance: evidence for the neural noise hypothesis in a large lifespan cohort

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Michael McCormick ◽  
Rogier Kievit
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Neural Noise ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Reaction Time Performance ◽  
White Matter Microstructure

Most prior research in the neural and behavioral sciences has been focused on characterizing averages in cognition, brain characteristics, or behavior, and attempting to predict differences in these averages among individuals. However, this overwhelming focus on mean levels may leave us with an incomplete picture of what drives individual differences in behavioral phenotypes by ignoring the variability of behavior around an individual’s mean. In particular, better white matter (WM) structural microstructure has been hypothesized to support consistent behavioral performance by decreasing gaussian noise in signal transfer. In contrast, lower indices of white matter microstructure have been associated with greater within-subject variance in the ability to deploy performance-related resources, especially in clinical samples. We tested this ‘neural noise’ hypothesis in a large adult lifespan cohort (Cam-CAN) with over 2500 individuals in a (2681 behavioral sessions with 708 scans in adults aged 18–102) using measures of WM tract microstructure to predict mean levels and variability in reaction time performance on a simple behavioral task using a dynamic structural equation model (DSEM). We found broad support for neural noise hypothesis, such that lower WM microstructure predicted individual differences in separable components of behavioral performance estimated using DSEM, including slower mean responses and increased variability. These effects were robust when including age in the model, suggesting consistent effects of WM microstructure across the adult lifespan above and beyond concurrent effects of ageing. Crucially, these results demonstrate the utility of DSEM for modeling and predicting behavioral variability directly, and the promise of studying variability for understanding cognitive processes.

scholarly journals Linking individual differences in semantic cognition to white matter microstructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 107438
Author(s):  
Julián Marino Dávolos ◽  
Juan Cruz Arias ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferies
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Semantic Cognition ◽  
White Matter Microstructure
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