scholarly journals Basic Linguistic Composition Recruits the Left Anterior Temporal Lobe and Left Angular Gyrus During Both Listening and Reading

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1859-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Bemis ◽  
L. Pylkkanen
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽  
Left Angular Gyrus

scholarly journals Convolutional neural networks reveal topic-level representations of sentences in medial prefrontal cortex, lateral anterior temporal lobe, precuneus, and angular gyrus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Acunzo ◽  
Daniel Mark Low ◽  
scott fairhall
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Final Layer

When reading a sentence, individual words can be combined to create more complex meaning. In this study, we sought to uncover brain regions that reflect the representation of meaning at the sentence level, as opposed to only the meaning of their individual constituent words. Using fMRI, we recorded the neural activity of participants while reading sentences. We constructed sentence topic-level representations using the final layer of a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained to classify Wikipedia sentences into broad semantic categories. This model was contrasted with word-level sentence representations constructed using the average of the word embeddings constituting the sentence. Using representational similarity analysis, we found that the medial prefrontal cortex, lateral anterior temporal lobe, precuneus, and angular gyrus more strongly represent sentence topic-level, compared to word-level, meaning, uncovering the important role of these semantic system regions in the representation of integrated meaning. Conversely, these results validate the capacity of CNNs to capture human sentence-level representations.

scholarly journals Distinct roles for the Anterior Temporal Lobe and Angular Gyrus in the spatio-temporal cortical semantic network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh-Rezvan Farahibozorg ◽  
Richard N. Henson ◽  
Anna M. Woollams ◽  
Olaf Hauk
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Semantic Variables ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractIt is now well recognised that human semantic knowledge is supported by a large neural network distributed over multiple brain regions, but the dynamic organisation of this network remains unknown. Some studies have proposed that a central semantic hub coordinates this network. We explored the possibility of different types of semantic hubs; namely “representational hubs”, whose neural activity is modulated by semantic variables, and “connectivity hubs”, whose connectivity to distributed areas is modulated by semantic variables. We utilised the spatio-temporal resolution of source-estimated Electro-/Magnetoencephalography data in a word-concreteness task (17 participants, 12 female) in order to: (i) find representational hubs at different timepoints based on semantic modulation of evoked brain activity in source space; (ii) identify connectivity hubs among left Anterior Temporal Lobe (ATL), Angular Gyrus (AG), Middle Temporal Gyrus and Inferior Frontal Gyrus based on their functional connectivity to the whole cortex, in particular sensory-motor-limbic systems; and (iii) explicitly compare network models with and without an intermediate hub linking sensory input to other candidate hub regions using Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) of evoked responses. ATL’s activity was modulated as early as 150ms post-stimulus, while both ATL and AG showed modulations of functional connectivity with sensory-motor-limbic areas from 150-450ms. DCM favoured models with one intermediate hub, namely ATL in an early time window and AG in a later time-window. Our results support ATL as a single representational hub with an early onset, but suggest that both ATL and AG function as connectivity hubs depending on the stage of semantic processing.

scholarly journals Cerebral trauma-induced dyschromatopsia in the left hemifield: case presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Mase ◽  
Yoshitsugu Matsui ◽  
Eriko Uchiyama ◽  
Hisashi Matsubara ◽  
Masahiko Sugimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Cerebral Trauma

Abstract Background Acquired color anomalies caused by cerebral trauma are classified as either achromatopsias or dyschromatopsias (Zeki, Brain 113:1721–1777, 1990). The three main brain regions stimulated by color are V1, the lingual gyrus, which was designated as human V4 (hV4), and the fusiform gyrus, designated as V4α. (Zeki, Brain 113:1721–1777, 1990). An acquired cerebral color anomaly is often accompanied by visual field loss (hemi- and quadrantanopia), facial agnosia, prosopagnosia, visual agnosia, and anosognosia depending on the underlying pathology (Bartels and Zeki, Eur J Neurosci 12:172–193, 2000), (Meadows, Brain 97:615–632, 1974), (Pearman et al., Ann Neurol 5:253–261, 1979). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of a patient who developed dyschromatopsia following a traumatic injury to her brain. Case presentation The patient was a 24-year-old woman who had a contusion to her right anterior temporal lobe. After the injury, she noticed color distortion and that blue objects appeared green in the left half of the visual field. Although conventional color vision tests did not detect any color vision abnormalities, short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) showed a decrease in sensitivity consistent with a left hemi-dyschromatopsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected abnormalities in the right fusiform gyrus, a part of the anterior temporal lobe. At follow-up 14 months later, subjective symptoms had disappeared, but the SWAP abnormalities persisted and a thinning of the sectorial ganglion cell complex (GCC) was detected. Conclusion The results indicate that although the subjective symptoms resolved early, a reduced sensitivity of SWAP remained and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed GCC thinning. We conclude that local abnormalities in the anterior section of fusiform gyrus can cause mild cerebral dyschromatopsia without other symptoms. These findings indicate that it is important to listen to the symptoms of the patient and perform appropriate tests including the SWAP and OCT at the early stage to objectively prove the presence of acquired cerebral color anomaly.

scholarly journals Pre-Surgical Mood Predicts Memory Decline after Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection for Epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Busch ◽  
M. F. Dulay ◽  
K. H. Kim ◽  
J. S. Chapin ◽  
L. Jehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Temporal Lobe Resection
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