scholarly journals Biomarkers of memory variability in traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Adamovich-Zeitlin ◽  
Paul A Wanda ◽  
Ethan Solomon ◽  
Tung Phan ◽  
Bradley Lega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrode Coverage ◽  
Recall Probability

Abstract Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of cognitive disability and is often associated with significant impairment in episodic memory. In traumatic brain injury survivors, as in healthy controls, there is marked variability between individuals in memory ability. Using recordings from indwelling electrodes, we characterized and compared the oscillatory biomarkers of mnemonic variability in two cohorts of epilepsy patients: a group with a history of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (n = 37) and a group of controls without traumatic brain injury (n = 111) closely matched for demographics and electrode coverage. Analysis of these recordings demonstrated that increased high frequency power and decreased theta power across a broad set of brain regions mark periods of successful memory formation in both groups. As features in a logistic-regression classifier, spectral power biomarkers effectively predicted recall probability, with little difference between traumatic brain injury patients and controls. The two groups also displayed similar patterns of theta-frequency connectivity during successful encoding periods. These biomarkers of successful memory, highly conserved between traumatic brain injury patients and controls, could serve as the basis for novel therapies that target disordered memory across diverse forms of neurological disease.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Memory Variability in Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Adamovich-Zeitlin ◽  
Paul A. Wanda ◽  
Ethan Solomon ◽  
Tung Phan ◽  
Bradley Lega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrode Coverage ◽  
Recall Probability

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of cognitive disability and is often associated with significant impairment in episodic memory. In TBI survivors, as in healthy controls, there is marked variability between individuals in memory ability. Using recordings from indwelling electrodes, we characterized and compared the oscillatory biomarkers of mnemonic variability in two cohorts of epilepsy patients: a group with a history of moderate-to-severe TBI (n = 37) and a group of non-TBI controls (n = 111) closely matched for demographics and electrode coverage. Analysis of these recordings demonstrated that increased high frequency power and decreased theta power across a broad set of brain regions mark periods of successful memory formation in both groups. As features in a logistic-regression classifier, spectral power biomarkers effectively predicted recall probability, with little difference between TBI and non-TBI controls. The two groups also displayed similar patterns of theta-frequency connectivity during successful encoding periods. These biomarkers of successful memory, highly conserved between TBI patients and controls, could serve as the basis for novel therapies that target disordered memory across diverse forms of neurological disease.

Eyeball Pressure Stimulation Unveils Subtle Autonomic Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Persons with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (22) ◽  
pp. 1796-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max J. Hilz ◽  
Felix Aurnhammer ◽  
Steven R. Flanagan ◽  
Tassanai Intravooth ◽  
Ruihao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cardiovascular Dysfunction ◽  
History Of

Blood Biomarkers Relate to Cognitive Performance Years after Traumatic Brain Injury in Service Members and Veterans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sara M. Lippa ◽  
Jessica Gill ◽  
Tracey A. Brickell ◽  
Louis M. French ◽  
Rael T. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective: This study examines the relationship of serum total tau, neurofilament light (NFL), ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) with neurocognitive performance in service members and veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: Service members (n = 488) with a history of uncomplicated mild (n = 172), complicated mild, moderate, severe, or penetrating TBI (sTBI; n = 126), injured controls (n = 116), and non-injured controls (n = 74) prospectively enrolled from Military Treatment Facilities. Participants completed a blood draw and neuropsychological assessment a year or more post-injury. Six neuropsychological composite scores and presence/absence of mild neurocognitive disorder (MNCD) were evaluated. Within each group, stepwise hierarchical regression models were conducted. Results: Within the sTBI group, increased serum UCH-L1 was related to worse immediate memory and delayed memory (R2Δ = .065–.084, ps < .05) performance, while increased GFAP was related to worse perceptual reasoning (R2Δ = .030, p = .036). Unexpectedly, within injured controls, UCH-L1 and GFAP were inversely related to working memory (R2Δ = .052–.071, ps < .05), and NFL was related to executive functioning (R2Δ = .039, p = .021) and MNCD (Exp(B) = 1.119, p = .029). Conclusions: Results suggest GFAP and UCH-L1 could play a role in predicting poor cognitive outcome following complicated mild and more severe TBI. Further investigation of blood biomarkers and cognition is warranted.

607. Internalizing Symptoms are Differentially Associated with Resting State Default Mode Connectivity in Youth with a History of Traumatic Brain Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S245-S246
Author(s):  
Rebecca Trossman ◽  
Sonja Stojanovski ◽  
Joseph Viviano ◽  
Aristotle Voineskos ◽  
Anne Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Inhaled Nitric Oxide Reduces Secondary Brain Damage after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole A Terpolilli ◽  
Seong-Woong Kim ◽  
Serge C Thal ◽  
Wolfgang M Kuebler ◽  
Nikolaus Plesnila
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Secondary Brain Damage ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Regional Ischemia

Ischemia, especially pericontusional ischemia, is one of the leading causes of secondary brain damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). So far efforts to improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) after TBI were not successful because of various reasons. We previously showed that nitric oxide (NO) applied by inhalation after experimental ischemic stroke is transported to the brain and induces vasodilatation in hypoxic brain regions, thus improving regional ischemia, thereby improving brain damage and neurological outcome. As regional ischemia in the traumatic penumbra is a key mechanism determining secondary posttraumatic brain damage, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of NO inhalation after experimental TBI. NO inhalation significantly improved CBF and reduced intracranial pressure after TBI in male C57 Bl/6 mice. Long-term application (24 hours NO inhalation) resulted in reduced lesion volume, reduced brain edema formation and less blood–brain barrier disruption, as well as improved neurological function. No adverse effects, e.g., on cerebral auto-regulation, systemic blood pressure, or oxidative damage were observed. NO inhalation might therefore be a safe and effective treatment option for TBI patients.

The impact of hypopituitarism on function and performance in subjects with recent history of traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Brain Injury ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Srinivasan ◽  
Brian Roberts ◽  
Tamara Bushnik ◽  
Jeffrey Englander ◽  
David A. Spain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Bilateral chorea following severe traumatic brain injury treated with risperidone

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e241929
Author(s):  
Daniel Krasna ◽  
Erica Montgomery ◽  
Jacob Koffer ◽  
Miriam Segal
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
History Of

A functionally independent man in his 20s with a history of intellectual disability and epilepsy and family history of Huntington’s disease suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Postinjury, bilateral chorea rendered him dependent for all activities of daily living. Risperidone provided a significant reduction of chorea, decreasing the overall burden of care. Movement disorders are a common sequela of brain injury. Currently, there are no best treatment guidelines for chorea in patients with brain injury. To the authors’ knowledge there have been no case reports describing the effects of brain injury on patients with a primary movement disorder. Risperidone was an effective treatment in this case. Further research is needed to establish guidelines for treatment of movement disorders following brain injury and to better understand the effect of brain injuries on primary movement disorders.

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