scholarly journals Critical brain regions for action recognition: lesion symptom mapping in left hemisphere stroke

Brain ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 3269-3280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solène Kalénine ◽  
Laurel J. Buxbaum ◽  
Harry Branch Coslett
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Action Recognition ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals The role of conflict, feedback, and action comprehension in monitoring of action errors: Evidence for internal and external routes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cortney M. Howard ◽  
Louisa L. Smith ◽  
H. Branch Coslett ◽  
Laurel J. Buxbaum
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Complex Action ◽  
Gesture Comprehension ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

The mechanisms and brain regions underlying error monitoring in complex action are poorly understood, yet errors and impaired error correction in these tasks are hallmarks of apraxia, a common disorder associated with left hemisphere stroke. Accounts of monitoring of language posit an internal route by which production planning or competition between candidate representations provide predictive signals that monitoring is required to prevent error, and an external route in which output is monitored using the comprehension system. Abnormal reliance on the external route has been associated with damage to brain regions critical for sensory-motor transformation and a pattern of gradual error ‘clean-up’ called conduite d’approche (CD). Action pantomime data from 67 participants with left hemisphere stroke were consistent with versions of internal route theories positing that competition signals monitoring requirements. Support Vector Regression Lesion Symptom Mapping (SVR-LSM) showed that lesions in the inferior parietal, posterior temporal, and arcuate fasciculus/superior longitudinal fasciculus predicted action conduite d’approche, overlapping the regions previously observed in the language domain. A second experiment with 12 patients who produced substantial action CD assessed whether factors impacting the internal route (action production ability, competition) versus external route (vision of produced actions, action comprehension) influenced correction attempts. In these ‘high CD’ patients, vision of produced actions and integrity of gesture comprehension interacted to determine successful error correction, supporting external route theories. Viewed together, these and other data suggest that skilled actions are monitored both by an internal route in which conflict aids in detection and correction of errors during production planning, and an external route that detects mismatches between produced actions and stored knowledge of action appearance. The parallels between language and action monitoring mechanisms and neuroanatomical networks pave the way for further exploration of common and distinct processes across these domains.

scholarly journals Cerebral Perfusion in Chronic Stroke: Implications for Lesion-Symptom Mapping and Functional MRI

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Richardson ◽  
Julie M. Baker ◽  
Paul S. Morgan ◽  
Chris Rorden ◽  
L. Bonilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Behavioral Impairments ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping

Lesion-symptom mapping studies are based upon the assumption that behavioral impairments are directly related to structural brain damage. Given what is known about the relationship between perfusion deficits and impairment in acute stroke, attributing specific behavioral impairments to localized brain damage leaves much room for speculation, as impairments could also reflect abnormal neurovascular function in brain regions that appear structurally intact on traditional CT and MRI scans. Compared to acute stroke, the understanding of cerebral perfusion in chronic stroke is far less clear. Utilizing arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, we examined perfusion in 17 patients with chronic left hemisphere stroke. The results revealed a decrease in left hemisphere perfusion, primarily in peri-infarct tissue. There was also a strong relationship between increased infarct size and decreased perfusion. These findings have implications for lesion-symptom mapping studies as well as research that relies on functional MRI to study chronic stroke.

Abstract 54: Investigating Correlations Between Infarct Topography and Long-Term Outcomes Following Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke Using Voxel-Based Lesion-Symptom Mapping

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T Mackay ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Joseph Yang ◽  
Belinda Stojanovski ◽  
Sebastian Grunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Pediatric Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping

Objectives: To investigate correlations between infarct topography on acute diffusion weighted MRI, using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM), and later development of cerebral palsy (CP) and neurological impairments, in neonatal arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS). Methods: Newborns were recruited from prospective Australian and Swiss pediatric stroke registries. CP diagnosis was based on clinical examination. Language or cognitive-behavioural impairments were assessed using the Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure dichotomized to good (0-0.5) or poor (≥1), at ≥18 months of age. Infarcts were manually segmented using axial DWI images, and coregistered to the Melbourne Children’s Regional Infant Brain 2.0 atlas. All lesions were projected to the left hemisphere to obtain binary union masks. VLSM was conducted using MATLAB SPM12 toolbox. A generalised linear model was used to correlate the lesion mask with outcomes. Voxel-wise t test statistics were calculated, and corrected for multiple comparisons using family-wise error rate (FWE). Results: 85 newborns (55 male) met inclusion criteria. Infarct lateralization was left hemisphere in 62%, right in 8% and bilateral in 29%. At median age 2.1 years (IQR1.9-2.6), 34% developed CP and 42% had neurological impairments. 54 ROIs were correlated with CP (t>4.33; FWE <0.05); the 12 highest correlated ROIs were the superior corona radiata, putamen, anterior corona radiata, insula, thalamus, external capsule, pars triangularis, caudate, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, pars opercularis and precentral cortex. (Figure) No significant correlations were found for poor language or cognitive-behavioural outcomes. Conclusions: Cerebral palsy following neonatal AIS correlates predominantly with regions of acute infarction directly involved in motor control, or in functionally connected regions. Brain regions associated with language or cognitive-behavioural impairment are less clear.

scholarly journals Characterising factors underlying praxis deficits in chronic left hemisphere stroke patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Rounis ◽  
Ajay Halai ◽  
Gloria Pizzamiglio ◽  
Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limb Apraxia ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Neuropsychological Tasks ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

AbstractLimb apraxia, a disorder of skilled action not consequent on primary motor or sensory deficits, has traditionally been defined according to errors patients make on neuropsychological tasks. Previous models of the disorder have failed to provide a unified account of patients’ deficits, due to heterogeneity in the patients and tasks used. In this study we implemented principal component analysis (PCA) to elucidate core factors of the disorder in a cohort of 41 unselected left hemisphere chronic stroke patients who were tested on a comprehensive and validated apraxia screen. Three principal components were identified: posture selection, semantic control and multi-demand sequencing. These were submitted to a lesion symptom mapping (VBCM) analysis in a subset of 24 patients, controlled for lesion volume, age and time post-stroke. Although the first component revealed no significant structural correlates, the second and third components were related to regions in the ‘ventro-dorsal’ and ‘ventral’ and ‘dorsal’ pathways, respectively. These results challenge the previously reported distinction between ideomotor and ideational deficits and highlight a significant role of common cognitive functions in the disorder, which include action selection, semantic retrieval, sequencing and response inhibition. Further research using this technique would help elucidate the cognitive processes underlying limb apraxia and their relationship with other cognitive disorders.

scholarly journals Convergence of heteromodal lexical retrieval in the lateral prefrontal cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Aabedi ◽  
Sofia Kakaizada ◽  
Jacob S. Young ◽  
Jasleen Kaur ◽  
Olivia Wiese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Lateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Single Construct

AbstractLexical retrieval requires selecting and retrieving the most appropriate word from the lexicon to express a desired concept. Few studies have probed lexical retrieval with tasks other than picture naming, and when non-picture naming lexical retrieval tasks have been applied, both convergent and divergent results emerged. The presence of a single construct for auditory and visual processes of lexical retrieval would influence cognitive rehabilitation strategies for patients with aphasia. In this study, we perform support vector regression lesion-symptom mapping using a brain tumor model to test the hypothesis that brain regions specifically involved in lexical retrieval from visual and auditory stimuli represent overlapping neural systems. We find that principal components analysis of language tasks revealed multicollinearity between picture naming, auditory naming, and a validated measure of word finding, implying the existence of redundant cognitive constructs. Nonparametric, multivariate lesion-symptom mapping across participants was used to model accuracies on each of the four language tasks. Lesions within overlapping clusters of 8,333 voxels and 21,512 voxels in the left lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) were predictive of impaired picture naming and auditory naming, respectively. These data indicate a convergence of heteromodal lexical retrieval within the PFC.

Praxis Lateralization: Errors in Right and Left Hemisphere Stroke

Cortex ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Hanna-Pladdy ◽  
Stephanie K. Daniels ◽  
Melanie A. Fieselman ◽  
Kenneth Thompson ◽  
Jennifer J. Vasterling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals Phonotactic processing deficit following left-hemisphere stroke

Cortex ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 346-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghaleh ◽  
Laura M. Skipper-Kallal ◽  
Shihui Xing ◽  
Elizabeth Lacey ◽  
Iain DeWitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Processing Deficit ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke

scholarly journals Dissociation between Frontal and Temporal-Parietal Contributions to Connected Speech in Acute Stroke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Ding ◽  
Randi Martin ◽  
A. Cris Hamilton ◽  
Tatiana T. Schnur
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Previous Identification

AbstractHumans are uniquely able to retrieve and combine words into syntactic structure to produce connected speech. Previous identification of focal brain regions necessary for production focused primarily on associations with the content produced by speakers with chronic stroke, where function may have shifted to other regions after reorganization occurred. Here, we relate patterns of brain damage with deficits to the content and structure of spontaneous connected speech in 52 speakers during the acute stage of a left hemisphere stroke. Multivariate lesion behavior mapping demonstrated that damage to temporal-parietal regions impacted the ability to retrieve words and produce them within increasingly complex combinations. Damage primarily to inferior frontal cortex affected the production of syntactically accurate structure. In contrast to previous work, functional-anatomical dissociations did not depend on lesion size likely because acute lesions were smaller than typically found in chronic stroke. These results are consistent with predictions from theoretical models based primarily on evidence from language comprehension and highlight the importance of investigating individual differences in brain-language relationships in speakers with acute stroke.

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