scholarly journals The role of periventricular nodular heterotopia in epileptogenesis

Brain ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Aghakhani
Keyword(s):  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia

Electroencephalographic Recordings of Focal Seizures in Patients Affected by Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia: Role of the Heterotopic Nodules in the Genesis of Epileptic Discharges

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
Giorgio Battaglia ◽  
Silvana Franceschetti ◽  
Luisa Chiapparini ◽  
Elena Freri ◽  
Stefania Bassanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Regions ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Focal Seizures ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Epileptic Discharges ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Video Eeg

Patients affected by periventricular nodular heterotopia are frequently characterized by focal drug-resistant epilepsy. To investigate the role of periventricular nodules in the genesis of seizures, we analyzed the electroencephalographic (EEG) features of focal seizures recorded by means of video-EEG in 10 patients affected by different types of periventricular nodular heterotopia and followed for prolonged periods of time at the epilepsy center of our institute. The ictal EEG recordings with surface electrodes revealed common features in all patients: all seizures originated from the brain regions where the periventricular nodular heterotopia were located; EEG patterns recorded on the leads exploring the periventricular nodular heterotopia were very similar both at the onset and immediately after the seizure's end in all patients. Our data suggest that seizures are generated by abnormal anatomic circuitries, including the heterotopic nodules and adjacent cortical areas. The major role of heterotopic neurons in the genesis and propagation of epileptic discharges must be taken into account when planning surgery for epilepsy in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia. ( J Child Neurol 2005;20:369—377).

scholarly journals Surgery for Heterotopia: A Second Look

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-199
Author(s):  
Paul A. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Seizure Onset ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Temporal Structures

Electroclinical, MRI, and Neuropathological Study of 10 Patients with Nodular Heterotopia, with Surgical Outcomes Tassi L, Colombo N, Cossu M, Mai R, Francione S, Lo Russo G, Galli C, Bramerio M, Battaglia G, Garbelli R, Meroni A, Spreafico R Brain 2005;128:321–337 We present the results of a retrospective study on 10 patients operated on for intractable epilepsy associated with nodular heterotopia, as identified by high-resolution MRI. Seven patients had unilateral heterotopia, one patient had symmetrical bilateral heterotopia, and two patients had asymmetrical bilateral heterotopia. By stereoelectroencephalogram (SEEG; nine patients), interictal activity within nodules was similar in all cases, and ictal activity never started from nodules alone but from the overlying cortex or simultaneously in nodules and cortex. Excellent outcomes (Engel class Ia, 1987) were achieved in the seven patients with unilateral heterotopia, showing that surgery can be highly beneficial in such cases when the epileptogenic zone is carefully located before surgery by MRI and particularly SEEG. For the bilateral cases, surgical outcomes were Engel IIa (one patient) or Engel IIIa (two patients). Histologic/immunohistochemical studies of resected specimens showed that all nodules had similar microscopic organization, even though their extent and location varied markedly. The overlying cortex was dysplastic in nine patients, but of normal thickness. We suggest that nodule formation may be the result of a dual mechanism: ( 1 ) failure of a stop signal in the germinal periventricular region leading to cell overproduction; and ( 2 ) early transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes, resulting in defective neuronal migration. The intrinsic interictal epileptiform activity of nodules may be due to an impaired intranodular GABAergic system. The Role of Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia in Epileptogenesis Aghakhani Y, Kinay D, Gotman J, Soualmi L, Andermann F, Olivier A, Dubeau F Brain 2005;128:641–651 A temporal resection in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) and intractable focal seizures yields poor results. To define the role of heterotopic grey matter tissue in epileptogenesis and to improve outcome, we performed stereoencephalography (SEEG) recordings in eight patients with uni- or bilateral PNH and intractable focal epilepsy. The SEEG studies aimed to evaluate the most epileptogenic areas and included the allo- and neocortex and at least one nodule of grey matter. Interictal spiking activity was found in ectopic grey matter in three patients, in the cortex overlying the nodules in five, and in the mesial temporal structures in all. At least one heterotopion was involved at seizure onset in six patients, synchronous with the overlying neocortex or ipsilateral hippocampus. Two patients had their seizures originating in the mesial temporal structures only. Six patients had surgery, and the resected areas included the seizure onset, with follow-up from 1 to 8 years. An amygdalohippocampectomy was performed in two (Engel classes Id and III), an amygdalohippocampectomy plus removal of an adjacent heterotopion in two (class Ia), and a resection of two contiguous nodules plus a small rim of overlying occipital cortex in one patient (class Id). One patient with bilateral PNH had three adjacent nodules resected and an ipsilateral amygdalohippocampectomy, resulting in a reduction of the number of seizures by 25 to 50%. The best predictor of surgical outcome is the presence of a focal epileptic generator; this generator may or may not include the PNH. Invasive recording is required in patients with PNH; it improves localization and is the key to better outcome.

scholarly journals Compound heterozygous variants in LAMC3 in association with posterior periventricular nodular heterotopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla De Angelis ◽  
Alicia B. Byrne ◽  
Rebecca Morrow ◽  
Jinghua Feng ◽  
Thuong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Development ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Malformation Of Cortical Development ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Compound Heterozygous Variants ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) is a malformation of cortical development characterized by nodules of abnormally migrated neurons. The cause of posteriorly placed PNH is not well characterised and we present a case that provides insights into the cause of posterior PNH. Case presentation We report a fetus with extensive posterior PNH in association with biallelic variants in LAMC3. LAMC3 mutations have previously been shown to cause polymicrogyria and pachygyria in the occipital cortex, but not PNH. The occipital location of PNH in our case and the proposed function of LAMC3 in cortical development suggest that the identified LAMC3 variants may be causal of PNH in this fetus. Conclusion We hypothesise that this finding extends the cortical phenotype associated with LAMC3 and provides valuable insight into genetic cause of posterior PNH.

27. EEG-fMRI of nodule-cortex interaction during interictal spiking in periventricular nodular heterotopia

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1533-1534
Author(s):  
JS Archer ◽  
DF Abbott ◽  
R Masterton ◽  
S Palmer ◽  
GD Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia

Lung disease associated with periventricular nodular heterotopia and an FLNA mutation

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Masurel-Paulet ◽  
Eric Haan ◽  
Elizabeth M. Thompson ◽  
Cyril Goizet ◽  
Christel Thauvin-Robinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia

scholarly journals Nodule excitability in an animal model of periventricular nodular heterotopia: c-fos activation in organotypic hippocampal slices

Epilepsia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily T. Doisy ◽  
H. Jürgen Wenzel ◽  
Yi Mu ◽  
Danh V. Nguyen ◽  
Philip A. Schwartzkroin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia

Network of autoscopic hallucinations elicited by intracerebral stimulations of periventricular nodular heterotopia: an SEEG study

Cortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavius-Ionut Bratu ◽  
Irina Oane ◽  
Andrei Barborica ◽  
Cristian Donos ◽  
Constantin Pistol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia

scholarly journals Periventricular nodular heterotopia in 22q11.2 deletion and frontal lobe migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1314-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Rezazadeh ◽  
Eduard Bercovici ◽  
Tim-Rasmus Kiehl ◽  
Eva W. Chow ◽  
Timo Krings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽  
Nodular Heterotopia
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document