scholarly journals Olfactory short-term memory and related amygdala recordings in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

Brain ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (8) ◽  
pp. 1851-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hudry
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Abnormalities of Early “Memory-Scanning” Event-Related Potentials in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grippo ◽  
L. Pelosi ◽  
M. Holly ◽  
M. Hayward ◽  
G. Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Related Potentials

We have recorded auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by the “memory-scanning” (digit-probe identification/matching) paradigm that was originally described by Sternberg (1966), in 17 patients with complex partial seizures (temporal lobe epilepsy) and in 17 matched healthy control subjects. The patients, who had all complained spontaneously of memory difficulties, had significantly reduced scores on psychological tests of memory with relatively intact digit span and cognition. Their performance of the memory-scanning task was characterized by a higher error rate, longer reaction times and an increased slope of the reaction time/set size relationship. The associated ERPs in both patients and controls showed there were significant effects of memory load on several major components, but only a reduced amplitude of the N170 and a prolonged latency of the N290 waves distinguished the patients. In addition, the N170 wave in the patients decreased further as memory load increased. The prolonged N290 latency in the patients appeared to reflect the slowed processing time. This study has shown that ERPs generated by a short-term memory task are abnormal in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who have neuropsychologically documented cognitive and memory deficits. Some of the significant waveform alterations occur earlier than those reported in previous ERP studies and provide electrophysiological support for the hypothesis that abnormalities of the early stages of short-term memory processing may contribute to the memory difficulties experienced by patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

scholarly journals Short Term Memory Disorders Following Temporal Lobe Removals in Humans

Cortex ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Samuels ◽  
Nelson Butters ◽  
Paul Fedio
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Visual short-term memory for high resolution associations is impaired in patients with medial temporal lobe damage

Hippocampus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Koen ◽  
Alyssa A. Borders ◽  
Michael T. Petzold ◽  
Andrew P. Yonelinas
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory

Long-term versus short-term memory deficits for faces in temporal lobe and generalized epilepsy patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIRSTEN HÖTTING ◽  
TALL KATZ-BILETZKY ◽  
THOMAS MALINA ◽  
MATTHIAS LINDENAU ◽  
THOMAS BENGNER
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

AbstractIt is still an open question whether short-term and long-term memory are two anatomically dissociable memory systems working in parallel or whether they are represented by neural circuits within similar cortical areas. Epilepsy may be used as a model to study these memory processes. We hypothesized that a double dissociation of short-term and long-term memory exists in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Immediate and 24-hour face recognition was tested in 10 TLE patients, 9 IGE patients, and 10 healthy controls. TLE patients’ immediate recognition was unimpaired, but their memory scores were reduced as compared to healthy controls after 24 hours. In IGE patients, memory was already reduced during immediate recognition. These results are in line with the idea that short-term memory is a transient trace that requires consolidation supported by the medial temporal lobe to change into a more stable status of long-term memory. (JINS, 2010, 16, 574–578.)

Spatial and non-spatial auditory short-term memory in patients with temporal-lobe lesion

Neuroreport ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 2203-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Lancelot ◽  
Pierre Ahad ◽  
Marion Noulhiane ◽  
Dominique Hasboun ◽  
Michel Baulac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe Lesion

scholarly journals Binding in visual short term memory is impaired in patients with medial temporal lobe amnesia

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 913-913
Author(s):  
I. R. Olson ◽  
A. Chatterjee ◽  
K. Page ◽  
M. Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory

scholarly journals Reward learning over weeks versus minutes increases the neural representation of value in the human brain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Elliott Wimmer ◽  
Jamie K. Li ◽  
Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski ◽  
Russell A. Poldrack
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Reward Learning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Feedback Learning ◽  
Over Time

AbstractOver the past few decades, neuroscience research has illuminated the neural mechanisms supporting learning from reward feedback. Learning paradigms are increasingly being extended to study mood and psychiatric disorders as well as addiction. However, one potentially critical characteristic that this research ignores is the effect of time on learning: human feedback learning paradigms are usually conducted in a single rapidly paced session, while learning experiences in ecologically relevant circumstances and in animal research are almost always separated by longer periods of time. In our experiments, we examined reward learning in short condensed sessions distributed across weeks vs. learning completed in a single “massed” session in male and female participants. As expected, we found that after equal amounts of training, accuracy was matched between the spaced and massed conditions. However, in a 3-week follow-up, we found that participants exhibited significantly greater memory for the value of spaced-trained stimuli. Supporting a role for short-term memory in massed learning, we found a significant positive correlation between initial learning and working memory capacity. Neurally, we found that patterns of activity in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex showed stronger discrimination of spaced-vs. massed-trained reward values. Further, patterns in the striatum discriminated between spaced-and massed-trained stimuli overall. Our results indicate that single-session learning tasks engage partially distinct learning mechanisms from spaced sessions of training. Our studies begin to address a large gap in our knowledge of human learning from reinforcement, with potential implications for our understanding of mood disorders and addiction.Significance statementHumans and animals learn to associate predictive value with stimuli and actions, and these values then guide future behavior. Such reinforcement-based learning often happens over long time periods, in contrast to most studies of reward-based learning in humans. In experiments that tested the effect of spacing on learning, we found that associations learned in a single massed session were correlated with short-term memory and significantly decayed over time, while associations learned in short massed sessions over weeks were well-maintained. Additionally, patterns of activity in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex discriminated the values of stimuli learned over weeks but not minutes. These results highlight the importance of studying learning over time, with potential applications to drug addiction and psychiatry.

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