scholarly journals Shaking with fear: the role of noradrenaline in modulating resting tremor

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1288-1291
Author(s):  
Natasha L Taylor ◽  
Eli J Müller ◽  
James M Shine
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Resting Tremor ◽  
Excitatory Network ◽  
Parkinson's Tremor

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Cognitive load amplifies Parkinson’s tremor through excitatory network influences onto the thalamus’, by Dirkx etal. (doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa083).

scholarly journals The role of cognitive load in modulating social looking: a mobile eye tracking study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Bianchi ◽  
Alan Kingstone ◽  
Evan F. Risko
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Video Experiment ◽  
Back Task

Abstract The effect of cognitive load on social attention was examined across three experiments in a live pedestrian passing scenario (Experiments 1 and 2) and with the same scenario presented as a video (Experiment 3). In all three experiments, the load was manipulated using an auditory 2-back task. While the participant was wearing a mobile eye-tracker, the participant’s fixation behavior toward a confederate was recorded and analyzed based on temporal proximity from the confederate (near or far) and the specific regions of the confederate being observed (i.e., head or body). In Experiment 1 we demonstrated an effect of cognitive load such that there was a lower proportion of fixations and time spent fixating toward the confederate in the load condition. A similar pattern of results was found in Experiment 2 when a within-subject design was used. In Experiment 3, which employed a less authentic social situation (i.e., video), a similar effect of cognitive load was observed. Collectively, these results suggest attentional resources play a central role in social attentional behaviors in both authentic (real-world) and less authentic (video recorded) situations.

scholarly journals Perceptual salience influences food choices independently of health and taste preferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Dai ◽  
Jeremy Cone ◽  
Jeff Moher
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
Choice Tests

Abstract Background Making decisions about food is a critical part of everyday life and a principal concern for a number of public health issues. Yet, the mechanisms involved in how people decide what to eat are not yet fully understood. Here, we examined the role of visual attention in healthy eating intentions and choices. We conducted two-alternative forced choice tests of competing food stimuli that paired healthy and unhealthy foods that varied in taste preference. We manipulated their perceptual salience such that, in some cases, one food item was more perceptually salient than the other. In addition, we manipulated the cognitive load and time pressure to test the generalizability of the salience effect. Results Manipulating salience had a powerful effect on choice in all situations; even when an unhealthy but tastier food was presented as an alternative, healthy food options were selected more often when they were perceptually salient. Moreover, in a second experiment, food choices on one trial impacted food choices on subsequent trials; when a participant chose the healthy option, they were more likely to choose a healthy option again on the next trial. Furthermore, robust effects of salience on food choice were observed across situations of high cognitive load and time pressure. Conclusions These results have implications both for understanding the mechanisms of food-related decision-making and for implementing interventions that might make it easier for people to make healthy eating choices.

Framing effects under cognitive load: The role of working memory in risky decisions

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Whitney ◽  
Christa A. Rinehart ◽  
John M. Hinson
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Framing Effects ◽  
Risky Decisions

The role of cognitive load in effective strategic issue management

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Laamanen ◽  
Markku Maula ◽  
Markus Kajanto ◽  
Peter Kunnas
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Issue Management ◽  
Strategic Issue

scholarly journals Adverse Weather Evokes Nostalgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 984-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wijnand A. P. van Tilburg ◽  
Constantine Sedikides ◽  
Tim Wildschut
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Adverse Weather

Four studies examined the link between adverse weather and the palliative role of nostalgia. We proposed and tested that (a) adverse weather evokes nostalgia (Hypothesis 1); (b) adverse weather causes distress, which predicts elevated nostalgia (Hypothesis 2); (c) preventing nostalgia exacerbates weather-induced distress (Hypothesis 3); and (d) weather-evoked nostalgia confers psychological benefits (Hypothesis 4). In Study 1, participants listened to recordings of wind, thunder, rain, and neutral sounds. Adverse weather evoked nostalgia. In Study 2, participants kept a 10-day diary recording weather conditions, distress, and nostalgia. We also obtained meteorological data. Adverse weather perceptions were positively correlated with distress, which predicted higher nostalgia. Also, adverse natural weather was associated with corresponding weather perceptions, which predicted elevated nostalgia. (Results were mixed for rain.) In Study 3, preventing nostalgia (via cognitive load) increased weather-evoked distress. In Study 4, weather-evoked nostalgia was positively associated with psychological benefits. The findings pioneer the relevance of nostalgia as source of comfort in adverse weather.

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