HYPOKALÆMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS STUDIED IN VITRO

Brain ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. HOFMANN ◽  
R. A. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis

Cation transport across lymphocyte plasma membranes in euthyroid and thyrotoxic men with and without hypokalaemic periodic paralysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon M. S. Oh ◽  
Elizabeth A. Taylor ◽  
Soo-Hwa Yeo ◽  
Kok-Onn Lee
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Sodium Potassium Pump ◽  
86Rb Influx ◽  
Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis

1. To study potassium transport in hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in a model of striated muscle cells, we measured specific [3H]ouabain binding (the number of sodium-potassium pumps), sodium-potassium-pump-mediated (ouabain-sensitive) 86Rb+ influx and sodium-potassium-pump-independent (ouabain-resistant) 86Rb+ influx in lymphocytes in vitro. 2. The subjects comprised euthyroid and thyrotoxic men with hypokalaemic periodic paralysis between attacks, men with uncomplicated thyrotoxicosis, and healthy men matched for age and weight. 3. Thyrotoxic patients, both with and without periodic paralysis, had significantly more lymphocyte sodium-potassium pumps than normal, and a significantly greater sodium-potassium-pump-mediated 86Rb+ influx. Antithyroid treatment corrected this defect in patients with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. Euthyroid patients with cryptogenic periodic paralysis had significantly increased sodium-potassium-pump-mediated 86Rb+ influx, but a normal number of sodium-potassium pumps. 4. Only untreated thyrotoxic and euthyroid patients with periodic paralysis showed a significant increase in sodium-potassium-pump-independent 86Rb+ influx (5.2 ± 2.8 and 4.5 ± 1.8 respectively, vs control 2.8 ± 1.0 pmol h−1 10−6 cells; mean ± sd; P < 0.001, P < 0.005). 5. We conclude that thyrotoxicosis increases the number and activity of sodium-potassium pumps and facilitates, but is probably not necessary for, periodic paralysis. Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis is associated with an increase in sodium-potassium-pump-independent potassium influx.

scholarly journals Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis secondary to subclinical hyperthyroidism: an uncommon cause of acute muscle paralysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e240666
Author(s):  
Alvin Oliver Payus ◽  
Sat Lin Liew ◽  
Nee Tiong ◽  
Norlaila Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Medication ◽  
Lower Limb Paralysis ◽  
Clinical Phenomenon ◽  
Potassium Replacement ◽  
Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis

Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis secondary to subclinical hyperthyroidism is an uncommon clinical phenomenon characterised by lower limb paralysis secondary to hypokalaemia in the background of subclinical hyperthyroidism. In this article, we report a patient who presented with progressive lower limb muscle weakness secondary to hypokalaemia that was refractory to potassium replacement therapy. He has no diarrhoea, no reduced appetite and was not taking any medication that can cause potassium wasting. Although he was clinically euthyroid, his thyroid function test revealed subclinical hyperthyroidism. His 24-hour urine potassium level was normal, which makes a rapid transcellular shift of potassium secondary to subclinical hyperthyroidism as the possible cause. He was successfully treated with potassium supplements, non-selective beta-blockers and anti-thyroid medication. This case report aimed to share an uncommon case of hypokalaemic periodic paralysis secondary to subclinical hyperthyroidism, which to our knowledge, only a few has been reported in the literature.

Accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis in equine in vivo-recovered and in vitro-produced blastocysts

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Choi ◽  
M. C. T. Penedo ◽  
P. Daftari ◽  
I. C. Velez ◽  
K. Hinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Whole Genome Amplification ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Embryo Biopsy ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis has great potential in the horse, but information on evaluation of equine embryo biopsy samples is limited. Blastocysts were biopsied using a Piezo drill and methods for whole-genome amplification (WGA) investigated. Results for 33 genetic loci were then compared between biopsy samples from in vitro-produced (IVP) and in vivo-recovered (VIV) blastocysts. Under the experimental conditions described, WGA using the Qiagen Repli-g Midi kit was more accurate than that using the Illustra Genomiphi V2 kit (98.2% vs 25.8%, respectively). Using WGA with the Qiagen kit, three biopsy samples were evaluated from each of eight IVP and 19 VIV blastocysts, some produced using semen from stallions carrying the genetic mutations associated with the diseases hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) or polysaccharide storage myopathy 1 (PSSM1). Three of 81 biopsy samples (3.7%) returned <50% accuracy. In the remaining 78 samples, overall accuracy was 99.3% (2556/2574 loci interrogated). Accuracy did not differ significantly between samples from IVP and VIV blastocysts. Allele drop-out in heterozygous loci was 1.6% (17/1035). Accuracy for sex determination was 100%; accuracy for heterozygosity for disease-causing mutations was 97.7% (43/44). In conclusion, Piezo-driven embryo biopsy with WGA has >95% overall accuracy in IVP and VIV embryos, and this technique is suitable for use in a clinical setting.

Heart muscle disease in familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J. S. Buruma ◽  
J. J. Schipperheyn ◽  
G. Th. A. M. Bots
Keyword(s):  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis
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