OBSERVATIONS UPON THE NEUROLOGICAL MECHANISM OF DIRECTIONAL PREPONDERANCE OF CALORIC NYSTAGMUS RESULTING FROM VASCULAR LESIONS OF THE BRAIN-STEM

Brain ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. CARMICHAEL ◽  
M. R. DIX ◽  
C. S. HALLPIKE
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Caloric Nystagmus ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Directional Preponderance

scholarly journals 74. On the Vascular Lesions of the Brain Stem in Head Injuries

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko MIZOI ◽  
Nobuo TAWA ◽  
Norisuke SHIMOMURA ◽  
Yoshitsugu TATSUNO
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
The Brain

Vascular pathology of the brain stem due to experimentally increased intracranial pressure: changes noted in the micro- and macrocirculation

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Goodman ◽  
Donald P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Vascular Abnormality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Supratentorial Mass

✓ The neurological status and supra- and infratentorial intracranial pressures were studied in awake unsedated cats during expansion of a supratentorial mass. The pontomesencephalic portion of the brain stem was removed, serially sectioned, stained with sodium nitroprusside benzidine, and microscopically examined. Three types of vascular abnormality were seen: macrocirculation hemorrhages, microcirculation hemorrhages, and vascular stasis. As the supratentorial mass expanded and the intracranial pressure rose, there was a progression of vascular lesions from stasis to microcirculation hemorrhages, and finally to macrocirculation hemorrhages. The microcirculation hemorrhages occurred in stuporous animals, and the macrocirculation hemorrhages in comatose animals. Microcirculation hemorrhages were distributed primarily in the tectum, and macrocirculation hemorrhages were mainly in the tegmentum. Microcirculation hemorrhages first appeared in association with moderate to severe intracranial hypertension; macrocirculation hemorrhages were seen mainly with extreme intracranial hypertension. The clinical implications of these brain-stem vascular lesions are discussed.

Surgical treatment of vascular lesions in the brain stem

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley N. Chou ◽  
Donald L. Erickson ◽  
Humberto J. Ortiz-Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report the total surgical removal of five vascular lesions of the brain stem, three hemangioblastomas and two arteriovenous malformations. One patient died; among the others, the quality of survival is excellent. Factors favoring surgical removal of such lesions are discussed.

Permeability of the microcirculation in area postrema of rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Shams M. Ghoneim ◽  
Frank M. Faraci ◽  
Gary L. Baumbach
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate ◽  
Acute Hypertension ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Adjacent Brain

The area postrema is a circumventricular organ in the brain stem and is one of the regions in the brain that lacks a fully functional blood-brain barrier. Recently, we found that disruption of the microcirculation during acute hypertension is greater in area postrema than in the adjacent brain stem. In contrast, hyperosmolar disruption of the microcirculation is greater in brain stem. The objective of this study was to compare ultrastructural characteristics of the microcirculation in area postrema and adjacent brain stem.We studied 5 Sprague-Dawley rats. Horseradish peroxidase was injected intravenously and allowed to circulate for 1, 5 or 15 minutes. Following perfusion of the upper body with 2.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate, the brain stem was removed, embedded in agar, and chopped into 50-70 μm sections with a TC-Sorvall tissue chopper. Sections of brain stem were incubated for 1 hour in a solution of 3,3' diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (0.05%) in 0.05M Tris buffer with 1% H2O2.

Surgical Approaches to the Brain Stem

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Y. Wen ◽  
Roberto C. Heros
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
The Brain
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