scholarly journals Vaccination ethics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Giubilini
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Major Area ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract   Vaccination decisions and policies present tensions between individual rights and the moral duty to contribute to harm prevention. This article focuses on ethical issues around vaccination behaviour and policies. It will not cover ethical issues around vaccination research. Sources of data Literature on ethics of vaccination decisions and policies. Areas of agreement Individuals have a moral responsibility to vaccinate, at least against certain infectious diseases in certain circumstances. Areas of controversy Some argue that non-coercive measures are ethically preferable unless there are situations of emergency. Others hold that coercive measures are ethically justified even in absence of emergencies. Growing points Conscientious objection to vaccination is becoming a major area of discussion. Areas timely for developing research The relationship between individual, collective and institutional responsibilities to contribute to the public good of herd immunity will be a major point of discussion, particularly with regard to the COVID-19 vaccine.

Electronic Surveillance for the Public Good

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Liz Lee-Kelley ◽  
Ailsa Kolsaker
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Electronic Surveillance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Surveillance Technology ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

The central government in the UK is determined to employ new surveillance technology to combat the threat of terrorist activities. This chapter contributes to the important debate on the relationship between citizens and the government, by discussing not whether electronic surveillance should be used, but rather, when it is acceptable to the populace. From our analysis, we conclude that a reconciliation of state-interest and self-interest is critical for the success of e-governance; as such, electronic surveillance’s mission has to be about serving the law-abiding majority and their needs, and its scope and benefits must be clearly understood by the visionaries, implementers and the citizenry.

scholarly journals Ethical Dilemmas in Protecting Individual Rights versus Public Protection in the Case of Infectious Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. IDRT.S11205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Lit Phua
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

Infectious diseases—including emerging and re-emerging diseases such as Ebola and tuberculosis—continue to be important causes of morbidity and mortality in the globalizing, contemporary world. This article discusses the ethical issues associated with protecting the rights of individuals versus the protection of the health of populations in the case of infectious diseases. The discussion uses the traditional medical ethics approach together with the public health approach presented by Faden and Shebaya. 3 Infectious diseases such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Nipah virus and HIV/AIDS (together with tuberculosis) will be used to illustrate particular points in the discussion.

Does Foundation Giving Stimulate or Suppress Private Giving? Evidence from a Panel of Canadian Charities

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Khovrenkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Giving ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Private Donations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Canadian Charities

As non-governmental providers of public goods, charities are funded by governments and also by individuals and foundations. How do foundation grants to charities affect private donations to these organizations? The standard economic theory on voluntary contributions to the public good hypothesizes that foundation giving will crowd out private donations. An alternative giving dynamic may arise whereby foundations act as complements to private donations because they can provide a signal of charity quality to individuals and thereby influence their decisions to give. This article offers a rigorous empirical analysis of the relationship between foundation and private donations by utilizing a unique data set on Canadian social welfare and community charities matched with their foundation donors. Empirical findings confirm that an additional dollar of foundation grants to charities crowds in private giving by three dollars on average, suggesting that private donors may look to foundation grants for information on charities to make informed giving decisions.

The Ethical Roots of Business Ethics

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
David Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the historical roots of some of our current preoccupations with the ethics of business. Its central argument is that many of the contemporary criteria that we use to evaluate the ethics of business are not new; rather, they date back several centuries. This paper illustrates this thesis by comparing historical and contemporary discussions of three sets of issues: the relationship between ethics and profits, the relationship between private gain and the public good and the tension between the results of capitalism and the intentions of businessmen.The fact that these tensions are inherent in the nature of capitalism, if not in human nature itself, does not make our contemporary concerns or standards any less valid. On the contrary, it underlies their significance. Contemporary discussions of business ethics constitute part of an ongoing moral dialogue with both deep secular and religious roots.

Religious Nonconformity and the Quality of Mercy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan H. Shagan
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Merchant Of Venice ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Religious Nonconformity

This chapter explores the relationship between religious arguments for and against the mitigation of legal penalties for religious nonconformity, and the arguments in Shakespeare’sMerchant of Venicefor and against the moderation of legal rigour. It argues that Elizabethan legal debates overepieikeiaor equity were heavily inflected with the debate over conscientious nonconformity. Shakespeare’s play restages these debates, not only in the courtroom scene but in a variety of moral dilemmas or cases of conscience, repeatedly supporting the ideal of individual conscience against the claims of Church of England conformists such as Richard Hooker that law can only be mitigated when it serves the public good.

Electronic Surveillance for the Public Good

2011 ◽  
pp. 2597-2609
Author(s):  
Liz Lee-Kelley ◽  
Ailsa Kolsaker
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Electronic Surveillance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Surveillance Technology ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

The central government in the UK is determined to employ new surveillance technology to combat the threat of terrorist activities. This chapter contributes to the important debate on the relationship between citizens and the government, by discussing not whether electronic surveillance should be used, but rather, when it is acceptable to the populace. From our analysis, we conclude that a reconciliation of state-interest and self-interest is critical for the success of e-governance; as such, electronic surveillance’s mission has to be about serving the law-abiding majority and their needs, and its scope and benefits must be clearly understood by the visionaries, implementers and the citizenry.

Towards a History of Projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Keller ◽  
Ted McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stuart England ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Effort

This introduction argues for the value of projecting as a category of analysis, while exploring the contexts for its emergence and spread as a genre of intellectual and practical activity in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. The emergence of the morally ambivalent figure of the “projector” in Elizabethan and Stuart England – initially in connection with confessional strife and attacks on corruption, and subsequently in relation to colonial expansion, experimental philosophy, and commercial and fiscal innovation – provoked defences of projecting that articulated the relationship between private interest, individual effort, the public good, and collaborative ­scientific practice in new ways. German cameralists and French philosophes extended these arguments, while recuperating the figure of the projector, in the eighteenth century.


scholarly journals Healing ourselves: ethical issues in the care of sick doctors

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Adshead
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Public ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper I review some of the ethical dilemmas that arise when psychiatrists are involved in the assessment and treatment of medical colleagues. Special attention needs to be paid to the context of the relationship between the psychiatrist and the doctor-patient, and to the extent to which the patient is seeking help voluntarily or at the request of a third party. Psychiatrists may find themselves uncertain about how to meet the ethical demands of their duties to the patient and their duties to the public, when these conflict.

The Ethical Roots of Business Ethics

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the historical roots of some of our current preoccupations with the ethics of business. Its central argument is that many of the contemporary criteria that we use to evaluate the ethics of business are not new; rather, they date back several centuries. This paper illustrates this thesis by comparing historical and contemporary discussions of three sets of issues: the relationship between ethics and profits, the relationship between private gain and the public good and the tension between the results of capitalism and the intentions of businessmen.The fact that these tensions are inherent in the nature of capitalism, if not in human nature itself, does not make our contemporary concerns or standards any less valid. On the contrary, it underlies their significance. Contemporary discussions of business ethics constitute part of an ongoing moral dialogue with both deep secular and religious roots.

Challenging the "Apartheids" of Knowledge in Higher Education through Social Innovation

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Community Partners ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Reflections

In order to understand the relationship between social innovation and the reimagining of the knowledge economy necessary to reorient higher education most fully towards the public good, we must draw from the experiences of those working on the front lines of change. This collection represents diverse voices and disciplines, drawing together the critical reflections of academics, students and community partners from across South Africa. The book seeks to bring together theoretical and practical lessons about how research methods can be used in socially innovative ways to challenge the ‘apartheids’ of knowledge in higher education and to promote the democratisation of the knowledge economy.

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