scholarly journals Gambling in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Alan M Emond ◽  
Mark D Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Introduction Children are susceptible to problems with gambling because of developmental and cognitive immaturities, as well as a sensitivity to peer pressure and marketing. Sources of data This review uses recent UK data from the Gambling Commission and from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, and evidence from recent reviews of gambling in children and adolescents. Areas of agreement The prevalence of gambling in children worldwide and in the UK is stable, having generally decreased since 2013. Online gambling is increasing in children and young people. A small minority of adolescents who gamble develop a gambling disorder. Adolescents who have problems with gambling tend to have lower self-esteem and a history of hyperactivity and impulsivity, are more likely to have parents who gamble, report less parental supervision and to use more alcohol than their peers. Areas of controversy Children’s access to slot machines, the relationship between gaming and gambling, and social media advertizing of gambling targeting children. Growing points An increase in online gambling and in-play sports betting by adolescents and the use of skins betting in video gaming. Areas timely for developing research: impact on young people of betting on e-gaming. How best to protect children from early exposure to gambling in the current internet age. Implications for clinicians Need to be aware of the growing and complex phenomenon of gaming and gambling, and implications for the mental health of children and adolescents. The effective management of gambling disorders in children and adolescents requires close working with families.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in annual incidence rates for psychiatric disorders and self-harm among children and adolescents in the UK, 2003–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Cybulski ◽  
Darren M. Ashcroft ◽  
Matthew J. Carr ◽  
Shruti Garg ◽  
Carolyn A. Chew-Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young People ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background There has been growing concern in the UK over recent years that a perceived mental health crisis is affecting children and adolescents, although published epidemiological evidence is limited. Methods Two population-based UK primary care cohorts were delineated in the Aurum and GOLD datasets of the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). We included data from 9,133,246 individuals aged 1–20 who contributed 117,682,651 person-years of observation time. Sex- and age-stratified annual incidence rates were estimated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (age groups: 1–5, 6–9, 10–12, 13–16, 17–19), depression, anxiety disorders (6–9, 10–12, 13–16, 17–19), eating disorders and self-harm (10–12, 13–16, 17–19) during 2003–2018. We fitted negative binomial regressions to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) to examine change in incidence between the first (2003) and final year (2018) year of observation and to examine sex-specific incidence. Results The results indicated that the overall incidence has increased substantially in both boys and girls in between 2003 and 2018 for anxiety disorders (IRR 3.51 95% CI 3.18–3.89), depression (2.37; 2.03–2.77), ASD (2.36; 1.72–3.26), ADHD (2.3; 1.73–3.25), and self-harm (2.25; 1.82–2.79). The incidence for eating disorders also increased (IRR 1.3 95% CI 1.06–1.61), but less sharply. The incidence of anxiety disorders, depression, self-harm and eating disorders was in absolute terms higher in girls, whereas the opposite was true for the incidence of ADHD and ASD, which were higher among boys. The largest relative increases in incidence were observed for neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly among girls diagnosed with ADHD or ASD. However, in absolute terms, the incidence was much higher for depression and anxiety disorders. Conclusion The number of young people seeking help for psychological distress appears to have increased in recent years. Changes to diagnostic criteria, reduced stigma, and increased awareness may partly explain our results, but we cannot rule out true increases in incidence occurring in the population. Whatever the explanation, the marked rise in demand for healthcare services means that it may be more challenging for affected young people to promptly access the care and support that they need.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Consumer Attitude and Government Regulations Towards Online Gambling Behavior in The Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Yuliana Riana Prasetyawati ◽  
Alexis Devera Lamoste
Keyword(s):  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
To Come ◽  
Relationship Of

The Philippine gambling industry, and particularly online gaming, has recently emerged as a major driver of the country’s economy. The rise of this controversial industry has become a cause of concern for many Filipino citizens. For the past two decades, Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) has been a major driver of the Philippine economy. However, a new sector of the economy has emerged that appears poised to take over traditional BPOs: online gambling. With the emergence of online gambling, any citizen can simply log into a website and they can play the usual casino games like poker, roulette, and slot machines or even sports betting. Online gambling is just like having a wallet in your pocket right now and just waiting for the money to come in, you just pull out your cellphone and you gamble already right away, that easy. Technically, engaging in online gambling is legal unless operated by a Philippine-licensed offshore company. Unlike other countries, the Philippines does not have strict mandates against gambling. The research aims to cover if consumer attitude and government regulations are significantly proportion with the effect of online gambling behavior. Adding to that, the researcher has added an intervening variable which is promotional ads if it has a direct impact adopting online gambling behavior. By using a quantitative analysis, the study recorded 100 respondents residing in the Philippines and studying their opinion towards this new addictive behavior relating to money. The materials and resources collected have concluded that consumer attitude and government regulations have significant impact towards this unlikely behavior, while promotional ads remain irrelevant.

scholarly journals Who uses custom sports betting products?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Warren Stirling Newall ◽  
Rebecca Cassidy ◽  
Lukasz Walasek ◽  
Elliot Andrew Ludvig ◽  
Caroline Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
The Uk

Background: The expansion of online gambling in the UK has been accompanied by an increase in the number of novel betting products, particularly for soccer. The present research investigates which types of sports bettors are the most likely to use novel gambling products called ‘custom sports bets’ (CSBs), which allow gamblers to create their own unique bets.Method: A large-scale, cross-sectional survey of online sports/horse racing bettors (N = 789, 32.7% female). The survey collected two measures of CSB usage and four validated gambling measures: the Problem Gambling Severity Index, the Gambling Related Cognition Illusion of Control Scale, the Short Gambling Harm Screen, and the Consumption Screen for Problem Gambling.Results: Overall, 62.0% of participants reported having used a CSB, and those who had used a CSB did so on an average of 29.4 days over the last year. Overall, 16.0% of participants who had used a CSB were current problem gamblers, compared to 6.7% among those who had not. CSB users reported an average of 2.3 out of 10 possible gambling harms, compared to 1.5 harms for those who had not used a CSB. The illusion of control scale was significantly positively correlated with whether participants had ever used a CSB before, but not with past year frequency of CSB usage. The usage of CSB products was most strongly associated with the frequency of gambling consumption.Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest that CSB products raise distinctive concerns around consumer protection for frequent sports bettors which deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals Who uses custom sports betting products?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Warren Stirling Newall ◽  
Rebecca Cassidy ◽  
Lukasz Walasek ◽  
Elliot Andrew Ludvig ◽  
Caroline Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
The Uk

Background: The expansion of online gambling in the UK has been accompanied by an increase in the number of novel betting products, particularly for soccer. The present research investigates which types of sports bettors are the most likely to use novel gambling products called ‘custom sports bets’ (CSBs), which allow gamblers to create their own unique bets.Method: A large-scale, cross-sectional survey of online sports/horse racing bettors (N = 789, 32.7% female). The survey collected two measures of CSB usage and four validated gambling measures: the Problem Gambling Severity Index, the Gambling Related Cognition Illusion of Control Scale, the Short Gambling Harm Screen, and the Consumption Screen for Problem Gambling.Results: Overall, 62.0% of participants reported having used a CSB, and those who had used a CSB did so on an average of 29.4 days over the last year. Overall, 16.0% of participants who had used a CSB were current problem gamblers, compared to 6.7% among those who had not. CSB users reported an average of 2.3 out of 10 possible gambling harms, compared to 1.5 harms for those who had not used a CSB. The illusion of control scale was significantly positively correlated with whether participants had ever used a CSB before, but not with past year frequency of CSB usage. The usage of CSB products was most strongly associated with the frequency of gambling consumption.Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest that CSB products raise distinctive concerns around consumer protection for frequent sports bettors which deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals How did the mental health of children and adolescents change during early lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Waite ◽  
Samantha Pearcey ◽  
Adrienne Shum ◽  
Jasmine Raw ◽  
Praveetha Patalay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Time Points ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused extensive disruption to the lives of children and young people. Understanding the psychological effects on children and young people, in the context of known risk factors, is crucial to mitigate the effects of the pandemic. This study set out to explore how mental health symptoms in children and adolescents changed over a month of full lockdown in the UK in response to the pandemic.MethodsUK-based parents and carers (n = 2,673) of school-aged children and young people aged between 4 and 16 years completed an online survey about their child’s mental health at two time points between March and May 2020, during early lockdown. The survey examined changes in emotional symptoms, conduct problems and hyperactivity/inattention.ResultsThe findings highlighted particular deteriorations in mental health symptoms among pre-adolescent children, which translated to a 10% increase in those meeting possible/probable caseness criteria for emotional symptoms, a 20% increase in hyperactivity/inattention, and a 35% increase in conduct problems. In contrast, changes among adolescents were smaller (4% and 8% increase for hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems respectively) with a small reduction in emotional symptoms (reflecting a 3% reduction in caseness). Overall, there were few differences in change in symptoms or caseness over time according to demographic characteristics, but children and young people in low income households and those with special educational needs and/or neurodevelopmental disorders, exhibited elevated symptoms (and caseness) at both time points. ConclusionsThe findings highlight important areas of concern in terms of the potential impact of lockdown on children and young people’s adjustment. Developing an understanding of who has been most severely affected by the pandemic, and in what ways, is crucial in order to target effective support where it is most needed.

Report1: Impact of Covid-19 on young people aged 13-24 in the UK- preliminary findings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Levita ◽  
Jilly Gibson Miller ◽  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Need For Support ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Social Recovery ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented disruption of normal social relationships and activities, which are so important during the teen years and young adulthood, and to education and economic activity worldwide. The impact of this on young people’s mental health and future prospects may affect their need for support and services, and the speed of the nation’s social recovery afterwards. This study focused on the unique challenges facing young people at different points during adolescent development, which spans from the onset of puberty until the mid-twenties. Although this is an immensely challenging time and there is a potential risk for long term trauma, adolescence can be a period of opportunity, where the teenagers’ brain enjoys greater capacity for change. Hence, the focus on young people is key for designing age-specific interventions and public policies, which can offer new strategies for instilling resilience, emotional regulation, and self-control. In fact, adolescents might be assisted to not only cope, but excel, in spite of the challenges imposed by this pandemic. Our work will feed into the larger societal response that utilizes the discoveries about adolescence in the way we raise, teach, and treat young people during this time of crisis. Wave 1 data has already been collected from 2,002 young people aged 13-24, measuring their mental health (anxiety, depression, trauma), family functioning, social networks, and resilience, and social risk-taking at the time of the pandemic. Here we present a preliminary report of our findings, (Report 1). Data collected 21/4/20- 29/4/20 - a month after the lockdown started).

What Motivates Young People to Attend Music Festivals and What Role Do Peer Pressure and Alcohol Consumption Play in Attendance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerryn Gill ◽  
Claudia Ollenburg ◽  
Robert Nash
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Young People ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Music Festivals

Australia is host to over 350 music festivals every year however, it has become apparent that very little work has been done to determine why young people choose to consume large amounts of alcohol at these events and in turn, what role peer pressure plays in their decisions. This study adds to research, investigating the motivations of those who attend music festivals, as well as exploring how peer pressure impacts young peoples choice to attend and consume alcohol. Data was collected from students attending four Queensland Universities and identifies the importance of alcohol consumption to attendees. This study both substantiates previous research, as well as support academic theories.

scholarly journals Brief Behavioural Activation (Brief BA) for Adolescent Depression: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pass ◽  
Carl W. Lejuez ◽  
Shirley Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioural Activation ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
The Uk

Background: Depression in adolescence is a common and serious mental health problem. In the UK, access to evidence-based psychological treatments is limited, and training and employing therapists to deliver these is expensive. Brief behavioural activation for the treatment of depression (BATD) has great potential for use with adolescents and to be delivered by a range of healthcare professionals, but there is limited empirical investigation with this group. Aims: To adapt BATD for depressed adolescents (Brief BA) and conduct a pilot study to assess feasibility, acceptability and clinical effectiveness. Method: Twenty depressed adolescents referred to the local NHS Child and Adolescent Mental Health service (CAMHs) were offered eight sessions of Brief BA followed by a review around one month later. Self- and parent-reported routine outcome measures (ROMs) were collected at every session. Results: Nineteen of the 20 young people fully engaged with the treatment and all reported finding some aspect of Brief BA helpful. Thirteen (65%) required no further psychological intervention following Brief BA, and both young people and parents reported high levels of acceptability and satisfaction with the approach. The pre–post effect size of Brief BA treatment was large. Conclusions: Brief BA is a promising innovation in the treatment of adolescent depression. This approach requires further evaluation to establish effectiveness and cost effectiveness compared with existing evidence-based treatments for adolescent depression. Other questions concern the effectiveness of delivery in other settings and when delivered by a range of professionals.

scholarly journals Survey of young people in one region of the UK on accessing COVID-19 information (SOCIAL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000942
Author(s):  
Oliver G P Lawton ◽  
Sarah A Lawton ◽  
Lisa Dikomitis ◽  
Joanne Protheroe ◽  
Joanne Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young People ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Gaps ◽  
The Uk

COVID-19 has significantly impacted young people’s lives yet little is known about the COVID-19 related sources of information they access. We performed a cross-sectional survey of pupils (11–16 years) in North Staffordshire, UK. 408 (23%) pupils responded to an online survey emailed to them by their school. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data. Social media, accessed by 68%, played a significant role in the provision of information, despite it not being considered trustworthy. 89% felt that COVID-19 had negatively affected their education. Gaps in the provision of information on COVID-19 have been identified.

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