Model Fidelity and Child Well-Being in Family Team Conference: The Interaction Effect of Racial Matching and Child Race

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jangmin Kim ◽  
 Mijin Choi ◽  
Catherine A LaBrenz ◽  
Marian S Harris ◽  
Reiko Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Practice Model ◽  
Racial Matching ◽  
Model Fidelity ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Family Team Conference (FTC) has been suggested as a promising practice model to effectively reduce racial disproportionality and disparities in child welfare. However, previous studies have noted ongoing challenges to promoting cultural responsiveness in FTC. This study analysed caseworkers’ survey data (n = 736) to explore the role of racial matching between caseworkers and children as an effective practice to strengthen the high fidelity of FTC associated with child well-being. The results of the extended regression model indicate that high FTC fidelity was a necessary condition to improve child well-being. However, racial matching was neither a significant factor of child well-being nor a moderator that strengthened the positive association between FTC fidelity and child well-being. Instead, a follow-up analysis showed that caseworkers’ competencies for facilitating FTC were a significant moderator to promote the positive effect of FTC fidelity on the well-being of all children regardless of their race. This paper concludes with research and practice implications to make FTC more culturally responsive to achieve its intended outcomes especially for children of colour.

Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica W. Y. Liu ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Richard Burns ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

scholarly journals Effects of Self-Control on Subjective Well-Being: Examining the Moderating Role of Trait and State Motivation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Zhao ◽  
Fusen Xie ◽  
Yuchen Luo ◽  
Yixuan Liu ◽  
Yuan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Motivation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Moderating Role

It is well documented that self-control has a positive effect on individuals’ subjective well-being. However, little research has focused on the moderators underlying this relationship. The present research used two studies to examine the moderating role of both trait and state motivation on the relationship between self-control and subjective well-being using psychometric and experimental models, respectively. In Study 1, we explored whether trait motivation (including promotion vs. prevention motivation) moderated the relationship between trait self-control and subjective well-being using a psychometric model. In Study 2, we examined the moderating effects of both trait and state motivation on the effect of state self-control (measured via ego depletion) on subjective well-being using an experimental model. Our results indicated that self-control had a positive effect on subjective well-being, with this relationship being primarily moderated by prevention motivation. When state and trait prevention motivations were congruent, self-control had the most obvious impact on subjective well-being. This study suggests that current understandings around the association between self-control and happiness is limited, implying that motivation should be the focus of future research.

scholarly journals The Role of University Students’ General Self-Efficacy, Depression and Psychological Well-being in Predicting Their Exercise Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Ersöz
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between exercise and general self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being of college students. Five hundred and twenty-two university students (nmale= 273; Xage= 23.33±4.36 and nfemale= 279; Xage=25.91±7.11) have participated in this research. The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire (PASCQ), and “Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) have been applied to the sample group in this study. While differences in participants’ self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being levels with regard to the stage of changes in exercise are calculated with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the relationship between these ideas discussed in the research have been determined with Pearson Moments Product Correlation Analysis. According to the stages of exercise behavior, significant disparities have been found between participants’ level of self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being, and the relationship between those notions has been observed. According to the results, the participants’ general self-efficacy and psychological well-being levels were high and the depression levels were low when on advanced levels of exercise. In light of the findings obtained from this research, it has been concluded that continuity in exercise has a positive effect on psychological effects like general self-efficacy, depression and psychological well-being.

Research in Genetic Counseling

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Barbara B. Biesecker ◽  
Kathryn F. Peters ◽  
Robert Resta
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Genetic Counselors ◽  
National Society ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Regulation Model

The field of genetic counseling has historically valued the role of research. More recently, graduate programs have raised the standards for student thesis projects so that a greater percent are of publishable quality. The profession has acknowledged key research gaps, such as a lack of consensus on the primary client outcomes of counseling. Further, the National Society of Genetic Counselors has endorsed the importance of evidence that may be used to guide practice. Herein we present the role of genetic counselors as researchers and discuss approaches to designing research studies to answer key service delivery questions and patient-reported outcomes. To frame research in genetic counseling, health behavior and social psychology theories offer models for identifying key variables likely to predict client decisions and their outcomes. To date, studies in genetic counseling have been framed by the self-regulation model and the theory of planned behavior. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials in genetic counseling identified psychological well-being and gain in knowledge as the most prevalent patient outcomes. Evidence can be used to predict decisions to undergo genetic testing or follow up on results.

scholarly journals Managing aggression in epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Hesham Y. Elnazer ◽  
Niruj Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Epilepsy Treatment ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Behavioural Management ◽  
Video Eeg

Behavioural changes associated with epilepsy can be challenging for patients and clinicians. Evidence suggests an association between aggression and epilepsy that involves various neurophysiological and neurochemical disturbances. Anti-epileptics have variable effects on behaviour and cognition that need consideration. Early detection and careful consideration of history, symptomatology and possible common comorbid psychiatric disorders is essential. Appropriate investigations should be considered to aid diagnosis, including electroencephalogram (EEG), video EEG telemetry and brain imaging. Optimising treatment of epilepsy, treatment of psychiatric comorbidities and behavioural management can have a major positive effect on patients' recovery and well-being.Learning Objectives• Understand the epidemiology of aggression in epilepsy• Comprehend the link between anti-epileptics and aggression, including the important role of pharmacodynamics• Be aware of the pharmacological treatments available for managing aggressive behaviour in epilepsy

The Role of Spirituality in Integrative Preventive Medicine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Spirituality And Health ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Near Death Experiences

Substantial research documents a positive association between religious practice and improved health and well-being. Research on the relationship between spirituality and health is less developed but also positive. Generally speaking, Western science and medicine explain these positive associations via psychological and social mechanisms rather than spiritual (or “metaphysical”) ones. However, contemporary theory and research in consciousness science, including research on near-death experiences and life after death, are pointing to a profound paradigm change in science, shifting from conventional materialist models of nature and the cosmos to postmaterialist models. This chapter introduces the reader to the emerging postmaterialist paradigm in science and considers some of its important implications for understanding and applying spirituality in integrative preventive medicine.

The Effects of Holiday Leisure Travel on Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Experience Sharing

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752096638
Author(s):  
Grace B. Yu ◽  
M. Joseph Sirgy ◽  
Michael Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Leisure Travel ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Leisure Travelers ◽  
Positive Effect

Despite growing interest in experience sharing among leisure travelers, there is still limited research concerning the role of travel experience sharing on leisure traveler’s life satisfaction. The main objective of this research is to test the moderation effects of experience sharing during and after leisure travel on the bottom-up spillover process of tourists’ leisure travel satisfaction–life satisfaction hierarchy. The positive effect of holiday trip motivation fulfillment on overall holiday trip satisfaction is hypothesized to be amplified by on-site experience sharing (e.g., uploading holiday pictures or videos to social media platforms while traveling). Also, the positive effect of holiday trip satisfaction on holiday travelers’ subjective well-being is hypothesized to be amplified by posttrip experience sharing (e.g., publishing blog posts or travel reports online post trip). We used data from a large-scale social survey in Germany (N = 2,198) and the results confirmed the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Higher Hemoglobin Levels Are Associated With Better Physical Performance Among Older Adults Without Anemia: A Longitudinal Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligiana Pires Corona ◽  
Flavia Cristina Drummond Andrade ◽  
Tiago Silva Alexandre ◽  
Tábatta Renata Pereira Brito ◽  
Daniella Pires Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Anemia is the most common hematological abnormality among older adults, and it is associated with decreased physical performance. But the role of hemoglobin in the absence of anemia remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of hemoglobin levels on physical performance in Brazilian older adults without anemia. Methods The study is longitudinal in that it relies on two waves of the Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE; Health, Well-being, and Aging) study: 2010 and 2015–2016. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to determine the effects of the hemoglobin concentrations on the Short Physical Performance Battery-SPPB over time among the 1,020 who had complete data and did not have anemia in 2010. In the follow-up, there were 562 without anemia. Analyses were stratified by sex. Results In analyses adjusted for age, education, grip strength, comorbidities, and body mass index, hemoglobin levels were positively associated with physical performance scores among older women (β = 0.15, p < 0.05) and men (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) without anemia. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that higher hemoglobin levels were associated with better physical performance among older men and women without anemia. This finding is important because, in clinical practice, most health professionals focus on the World Health Organization definition of anemia. Our study suggests the importance of hemoglobin levels among older adults, even those without anemia.

scholarly journals Horticultural Therapy in Greenery Design. Example of the “Światło” Hospice in Toruń

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Rogatka ◽  
Katarzyna Ziemkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Horticultural Therapy ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Final Effect

Abstract The aim of the article is to present the method of horticultural therapy (gardening therapy) and its application in designing green areas using the example of the sensory garden at the “Światło” hospice in Toruń. The issue of horticultural therapy and its use in shaping green areas was raised due to the important role of greenery in human life (e.g. they absorb pollutants, produce oxygen, perform an insulating function) and the growing importance of horticultural therapy in the design of usable areas. The final effect of this research process is the design of a sensory garden based on horticultural therapy. The concept uses selected types of greenery which, through their properties, have a positive effect on the well-being and health of patients and, indirectly, the inhabitants of the entire city.

scholarly journals Evaluating Long-term Outcomes of NHS Stop Smoking Services (ELONS): a prospective cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (95) ◽  
pp. 1-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Dobbie ◽  
Rosemary Hiscock ◽  
Jo Leonardi-Bee ◽  
Susan Murray ◽  
Lion Shahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioural Support ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking Services

BackgroundNHS Stop Smoking Services (SSSs) provide free at the point of use treatment for smokers who would like to stop. Since their inception in 1999 they have evolved to offer a variety of support options. Given the changes that have happened in the provision of services and the ongoing need for evidence on effectiveness, the Evaluating Long-term Outcomes for NHS Stop Smoking Services (ELONS) study was commissioned.ObjectivesThe main aim of the study was to explore the factors that determine longer-term abstinence from smoking following intervention by SSSs. There were also a number of additional objectives.DesignThe ELONS study was an observational study with two main stages: secondary analysis of routine data collected by SSSs and a prospective cohort study of service clients. The prospective study had additional elements on client satisfaction, well-being and longer-term nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use.SettingThe setting for the study was SSSs in England. For the secondary analysis, routine data from 49 services were obtained. For the prospective study and its added elements, nine services were involved. The target population was clients of these services.ParticipantsThere were 202,804 cases included in secondary analysis and 3075 in the prospective study.InterventionsA combination of behavioural support and stop smoking medication delivered by SSS practitioners.Main outcome measuresAbstinence from smoking at 4 and 52 weeks after setting a quit date, validated by a carbon monoxide (CO) breath test.ResultsJust over 4 in 10 smokers (41%) recruited to the prospective study were biochemically validated as abstinent from smoking at 4 weeks (which was broadly comparable with findings from the secondary analysis of routine service data, where self-reported 4-week quit rates were 48%, falling to 34% when biochemical validation had occurred). At the 1-year follow-up, 8% of prospective study clients were CO validated as abstinent from smoking. Clients who received specialist one-to-one behavioural support were twice as likely to have remained abstinent than those who were seen by a general practitioner (GP) practice and pharmacy providers [odds ratio (OR) 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2 to 4.6]. Clients who received group behavioural support (either closed or rolling groups) were three times more likely to stop smoking than those who were seen by a GP practice or pharmacy providers (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7). Satisfaction with services was high and well-being at baseline was found to be a predictor of abstinence from smoking at longer-term follow-up. Continued use of NRT at 1 year was rare, but no evidence of harm from longer-term use was identified from the data collected.ConclusionsStop Smoking Services in England are effective in helping smokers to move away from tobacco use. Using the 52-week CO-validated quit rate of 8% found in this study, we estimate that in the year 2012–13 the services supported 36,249 clients to become non-smokers for the remainder of their lives. This is a substantial figure and provides one indicator of the ongoing value of the treatment that the services provide. The study raises a number of issues for future research including (1) examining the role of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in smoking cessation for service clients [this study did not look at e-cigarette use (except briefly in the longer-term NRT study) but this is a priority for future studies]; (2) more detailed comparisons of rolling groups with other forms of behavioural support; (3) further exploration of the role of practitioner knowledge, skills and use of effective behaviour change techniques in supporting service clients to stop smoking; (4) surveillance of the impact of structural and funding changes on the future development and sustainability of SSSs; and (5) more detailed analysis of well-being over time between those who successfully stop smoking and those who relapse. Further research on longer-term use of non-combustible nicotine products that measures a wider array of biomarkers of smoking-related harm such as lung function tests or carcinogen metabolites.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme. The UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies provided funding for the longer-term NRT study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document