scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS WHICH AFFECT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSPIRED OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE AND ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. ROE ◽  
J.G. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

scholarly journals High Oxygen Partial Pressure Decreases Anemia-induced Heart Rate Increase Equivalent to Transfusion

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Feiner ◽  
Heather E. Finlay-Morreale ◽  
Pearl Toy ◽  
Jeremy A. Lieberman ◽  
Maurene K. Viele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Fraction ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Fraction Versus ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

Background Anemia is associated with morbidity and mortality and frequently leads to transfusion of erythrocytes. The authors sought to directly compare the effect of high inspired oxygen fraction versus transfusion of erythrocytes on the anemia-induced increased heart rate (HR) in humans undergoing experimental acute isovolemic anemia. Methods The authors combined HR data from healthy subjects undergoing experimental isovolemic anemia in seven studies performed by the group. HR changes associated with breathing 100% oxygen by nonrebreathing facemask versus transfusion of erythrocytes at their nadir hemoglobin concentration of 5 g/dl were examined. Data were analyzed using a mixed-effects model. Results HR had an inverse linear relationship to hemoglobin concentration with a mean increase of 3.9 beats per min per gram of hemoglobin (beats/min/g hemoglobin) decrease (95% CI, 3.7-4.1 beats/min/g hemoglobin), P < 0.0001. Return of autologous erythrocytes significantly decreased HR by 5.3 beats/min/g hemoglobin (95% CI, 3.8-6.8 beats/min/g hemoglobin) increase, P < 0.0001. HR at nadir hemoglobin of 5.6 g/dl (95% CI, 5.5-5.7 g/dl) when breathing air (91.4 beats/min; 95% CI, 87.6-95.2 beats/min) was reduced by breathing 100% oxygen (83.0 beats/min; 95% CI, 79.0-87.0 beats/min), P < 0.0001. The HR at hemoglobin 5.6 g/dl when breathing oxygen was equivalent to the HR at hemoglobin 8.9 g/dl when breathing air. Conclusions High arterial oxygen partial pressure reverses the heart rate response to anemia, probably because of its usability rather than its effect on total oxygen content. The benefit of high arterial oxygen partial pressure has significant potential clinical implications for the acute treatment of anemia and results of transfusion trials.

Effect of hyperoxia and hypoxia on exercise-induced breathlessness in normal subjects

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chronos ◽  
L. Adams ◽  
A. Guz
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

1. The subjective changes accompanying alterations in inspired oxygen concentration during heavy exercise have been investigated single blind, in normal subjects. 2. In particular, the intensity of the sensation of breathlessness was quantified using a visual analogue scale and changes were compared with those in objective ventilatory measures. 3. Eleven subjects performed three steady-state workload exercise tests on different days and 100% O2, 15% O2 or air were randomly administered for a fixed interval during each test. 4. Compared with air breathing, all subjects felt less breathless during 100% O2 breathing, and ten of them felt more breathless when inspiring 15% O2; these changes were reversed on return to air breathing. 5. During and after 100% O2, the time course of changes in breathlessness was similar to those for ear arterial oxygen saturation and minute ventilation such that it could be a secondary response to either. However, during and after inspiration of 15% O2, changes in breathlessness occurred relatively more quickly than those in ventilation, more closely reflecting changes in oxygen saturation; this suggests that hypoxia, per se, could contribute to the genesis of this sensation. 6. Individual variability in breathlessness responses to exercise and changes in inspired oxygen concentration did not correlate with objective ventilatory changes; neither were changes in breathlessness in the group particularly associated with changes in respiratory frequency or tidal volume.

Undergraduate students' misconceptions about respiratory physiology.

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (6) ◽  
pp. S127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Michael ◽  
D Richardson ◽  
A Rovick ◽  
H Modell ◽  
D Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Approximately 700 undergraduates studying physiology at community colleges, a liberal arts college, and universities were surveyed to determine the prevalence of our misconceptions about respiratory phenomena. A misconception about the changes in breathing frequency and tidal volume (physiological variables whose changes can be directly sensed) that result in increased minute ventilation was found to be present in this population with comparable prevalence (approximately 60%) to that seen in a previous study. Three other misconceptions involving phenomena that cannot be experienced directly and therefore were most likely learned in some educational setting were found to be of varying prevalence. Nearly 90% of the students exhibited a misconception about the relationship between arterial oxygen partial pressure and hemoglobin saturation. Sixty-six percent of the students believed that increasing alveolar oxygen partial pressure leads to a decrease in alveolar carbon dioxide partial pressure. Nearly 33% of the population misunderstood the relationship between metabolism and ventilation. The possible origins of these respiratory misconceptions are discussed and suggestions for how to prevent and/or remediate them are proposed.

Engineering Evaluation of the Performance of an Automatic Peripheral Oxygen Controller Using a Neonatal Respiratory Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Faqeeh ◽  
Roger Fales ◽  
John Pardalos ◽  
Ramak Amjad ◽  
Isabella Zaniletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Manual Adjustment ◽  
Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen ◽  
Dynamic Adaptability ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

Premature infants often require respiratory support with a varying concentration of the fraction of inspired oxygen FiO2 to keep the arterial oxygen saturation typically measured using a peripheral sensor (SpO2) within the desired range to avoid both hypoxia and hyperoxia. The widespread practice for controlling the fraction of inspired oxygen is by manual adjustment. Automatic control of the oxygen to assist care providers is desired. A novel closed-loop respiratory support device with dynamic adaptability is evaluated nonclinically by using a neonatal respiratory response model. The device demonstrated the ability to improve oxygen saturation control over manual control by increasing the proportion of time where SpO2 is within the desired range while minimizing the episodes and periods where SpO2 of the neonatal respiratory model is out of the target range.

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