scholarly journals Criteria for studies of dear enemy and nasty neighbor effects: a comment on Christensen and Radford

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Dear Enemy ◽  
Neighbor Effects

How dear is my enemy: Intruder-resident and resident-resident encounters in male sand fiddler crabs (Uca pugilator)

Behaviour ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E. Pratt ◽  
Denson Kelly McLain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fiddler Crabs ◽  
Uca Pugilator ◽  
Dear Enemy ◽  
Surface Activities ◽  
Display Area ◽  
Mating Opportunities

AbstractMale sand fiddler crabs (Uca pugilator) defend territories that consist of a breeding burrow and a display area where they wave their claw to attract females. Burrow-holding males engage in agonistic contests with both intruding males that attempt burrow take-overs and with other territory-holding neighbors that apparently attempt to limit waving or other surface activities of rivals. Contests employ one or more behavioral elements that range from no claw contact to use of the claw to push, grip, or flip an opponent. We placed each observed element into one of six groups ranked by intensity, which was based on the degree of claw contact and apparent energy expenditure. In the field, contests with intruders began at higher intensity and escalated more rapidly than did those with neighbors. Thus, U. pugilator males exhibit a dear enemy response toward neighbors. However, resident-resident contests increased in intensity when burrows were close, neighbors faced each other when exiting burrows, and neighbors were of similar size. Proximity and orientation determine the ease with which a neighbor may be engaged. Also, neighbors that are close and of similar size pose a greater threat to mating opportunities, favoring heightened intensity of contests.

Alloy Broadening of Semiconductor Impurity Lines Second-Neighbor Effects

1991 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Carmen Lucia C. Ochi ◽  
Belita Koiller
Keyword(s):  
Neighbor Effects

Theoretical analysis of RNA polymerase fidelity: a steady-state copolymerization approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Fu ◽  
Qiushi Li ◽  
Yongshun Song ◽  
Yaogen Shu ◽  
Zhongcan Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Rna Transcription ◽  
Dna Transcription ◽  
Polymerase Fidelity ◽  
Neighbor Effects

Abstract The fidelity of DNA transcription catalyzed by RNA polymerase (RNAP) has long been an important issue in biology. Experiments have revealed that RNAP can incorporate matched nucleotides selectively and proofread the incorporated mismatched nucleotides. However, systematic theoretical researches on RNAP fidelity are still lacking. In the last decade, several theories on RNA transcription have been proposed, but they only handled highly simplified models without considering the high-order neighbor effects and the oligonucleotides cleavage both of which are critical for the overall fidelity. In this paper, we regard RNA transcription as a binary copolymerization process and calculate the transcription fidelity by the steady-state copolymerization theory recently proposed by us for DNA replication. With this theory, the more realistic models considering higher-order neighbor effects, oligonucleotides cleavage, multi-step incorporation and multi-step cleavage can be rigorously handled.

Aggression towards unfamiliar intruders by male lizards Eurolophosaurus nanuzae depends on contestant’s body traits: a test of the dear enemy effect

Behaviour ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo C. Quintana ◽  
Conrado A.B. Galdino
Keyword(s):  
Saving Energy ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Dear Enemy ◽  
Holding Power ◽  
Resource Holding Power ◽  
Dear Enemy Phenomenon ◽  
Dear Enemy Effect ◽  
Tail Condition

A reduction of territory owners’ aggression towards their neighbours in relation to the intrusion of strangers characterises the dear enemy phenomenon. Supposedly, the disparity in aggression levels of territory owners is due to a higher threat imposed by strangers compared to the threat imposed by neighbours. To evaluate the occurrence of the phenomenon in males of the small-sized lizard Eurolophosaurus nanuzae we performed a field manipulative study. We considered three models to run intrusions in males’ territories: neighbour, tailed stranger (unfamiliar) and tailless stranger intruders. Our results lend support to the presence of dear enemy for this species as residents acted more aggressively towards strangers than to neighbours. In addition, the information we provide supports the relative threat hypothesis as territory owners were more aggressive towards tailed stranger intruders than to tailless stranger intruders. In this sense, tail condition can represent a trait that signals the ‘resource holding power’ (RHP) of a lizard. Therefore, we show that beyond neighbourhood recognition, residents are able to evaluate the potential threat of stranger intruders in general, thereby extending the evolutionary gains of the dear enemy by saving energy even in the context they are expected to acts with higher costs.

Reversible Kinetics on Linear Lattices with Neighbor Effects

2007 ◽  
pp. 281-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rabinowitz ◽  
A. Silberberg ◽  
Robert Simha ◽  
Elizabeth Loftus
Keyword(s):  
Neighbor Effects ◽  
Linear Lattices
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