scholarly journals An Investigation of the Accuracy of Reaction Time Measurements on ANAM4 TBI-MIL Across Three Computer Platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1153
Author(s):  
Jacques P Arrieux ◽  
Brittney L Roberson ◽  
Katie N Russell ◽  
Brian J Ivins ◽  
Wesley R Cole
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Observational Methods ◽  
Meaningful Change ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics ◽  
Assessment Metrics ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Study Design Using two observational methods and a within-subjects, counterbalanced design, this study aimed to determine if a computer’s hardware and software settings significantly affected reaction time (RT) on the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Version 4) Traumatic Brain Injury Military (ANAM4 TBI-MIL). Methods Three computer platforms were investigated: Platform 1—older computers recommended for ANAM4 TBI-MIL administration, Platform 2—newer computers with settings downgraded to run like the older computers, and Platform 3—newer computers with default settings. Two observational methods were used to compare measured RT to observed RT on all three platforms: 1, a high-speed video analysis to compare the timing of stimulus onset and response to the measured RT and 2, comparing a preset RT delivered by a robotic key actuator activated by optic detector to the measured RT. Additionally, healthy active duty service members (n = 169) were administered a brief version of the ANAM4 TBI-MIL battery on each of the three platforms. Results RT differences were observed with both the high-speed video and robotic arm analyses across all three computer platforms, with the smallest discrepancies between observed and measured RT on Platform 1, followed by Platform 2, then Platform 3. When simple reaction time (SRT) raw and standardized scores obtained from the participants were compared across platforms, statistically significant and clinically meaningful differences were seen, especially between Platforms 1 and 3. Conclusions A computer’s configurations have a meaningful impact on ANAM SRT scores. The difference in an individual’s performance across platforms could be misinterpreted as clinically meaningful change.

scholarly journals Long-Term Test–Retest Stability of ANAM in a Large Military Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
John E Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics ◽  
Assessment Metrics ◽  
Cognitive Problems ◽  
The Military

Abstract Objective This paper examines the long-term stability of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) over 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year time periods. Methods The sample was drawn from active duty military personnel. All individuals were administered the ANAM and were re-administered the ANAM a second time, either 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years later. All individuals had no reported cognitive problems or concussion or any traumatic brain injury between the first and second assessments and had no intervening contact with the ANAM. All were assessed using the military standard approach with trained proctors. Results The results for (n = 19,997) individuals who were tested 1 year apart showed an intra-class correlation (ICC) of .6 for simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat and .7 and above for all other scales. For the sample with 3 years between testings (n = 9,166), the ICC was similar to the 1-year sample. When the 5 year between testings data was examined (n = 2,270), the ICCs for all scales except the simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .7 and.8. The simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .596. Conclusions These results indicate that the use of the ANAN baseline for comparison can be done even if the baseline is up to 5 years old.

scholarly journals EXPLORANDO O POTENCIAL DE TAREFAS DE TEMPO DE REAÇÃO SIMPLES VISUAL PARA A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Brusque Crocetta ◽  
Fábio Hech Dominski ◽  
Alexandro Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Thomson Reuters ◽  
Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics ◽  
Assessment Metrics ◽  
Sports And Exercise ◽  
Sport And Exercise

Este estudo teve como objetivo rever criticamente a literatura científica publicada na última década (2003 a 2012) sobre o uso de testes de tempo de reação simples com estímulo visual relacionada à Educação Física, mais especificamente objetiva apresentar uma síntese da evidência empírica disponível sobre a eficácia do uso deste tipo de teste no esporte, exercício e atividade física, buscando na base de dados eletrônica Thomson Reuters Web of KnowledgeSM. A partir das combinações de palavras “simple reaction time e athlete”, “simple reaction time e sport”, “simple reaction time e exercise” e “simple reaction time e physical activity”, 36 artigos foram selecionados para o estudo. As categorias investigadas foram: periódico, número de participantes, sexo e idade, população investigada, software utilizado, tema e resultados. As publicações se concentraram nas revistas Medicine and science in sports and exercise e Psychology of sport and exercise, ambas com n=3. Predominaram pesquisas com o uso de testes de tempo de reação simples com estímulo visual (TRSimples) para avaliação do efeito do exercício físico sobre o desempenho no TRSimples (n=13) com uma média de 93 participantes (11 a 551 sujeitos). As populações de atletas investigadas foram variadas, com predominância do futebol e atletismo (ambas com n=5). A maioria dos estudos utilizou o software ANAM (Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics) como instrumento de coleta de dados do TRSimples. Os artigos foram identificados e apresentados quanto ao seu tema de pesquisa: a) Uso do TRSimples para avaliação da concussão cerebral causado por traumatismo na cabeça (n=8); b) Efeito do exercício físico sobre o desempenho no TRSimples (n=13); c) Níveis de prática e comparações do TRSimples de atletas e não atletas (n=8) e d) Fatores que influenciam o TRSimples (n=7). Os resultados dos artigos apontaram associações positivas entre o uso de testes de TRSimples e a concussão cerebral originada pelo esporte além do efeito positivo do exercício físico sobre o desempenho cognitivo. O TRSimples contribuiu para análise dos níveis de prática de atletas de mesma modalidade, de modalidades distintas e de não atletas, além de ser um indicador sensível a diversos fatores que podem influenciar o desempenho cognitivo.

scholarly journals SU ATSAKU SUSIJĘ VEIKSNIAI REAKCIJOS LAIKO Į STIMULO ĮJUNGIMĄ IR IŠJUNGIMĄ UŽDUOTYSE

Psichologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
R. Sokolova ◽  
O. Rukšėnas ◽  
B. Burle
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Response Suppression ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Response Type ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stimulus Offset

Pasak V. Di Lollo ir bendraautorių (2000), reakcijos laiko į stimulo įjungimą ir išjungimą skirtumai yra susiję su atsako slopinimu. Pirmajame eksperimente elektromiografijos metodu tyrėme, ar abi reakcijos laiko dalys – priešmotorinė ir motorinė – yra veikiamos užduoties. Antrajame eksperimente siekėme išsiaiškinti, kaip kiti su atsaku susiję veiksniai, pavyzdžiui, atsako tipas, galėtų veikti šiuos reakcijos laiko skirtumus. Pirmajame eksperimente dalyvavo vienuolika 29 ± 4,6 metų asmenų (šešios moterys ir penki vyrai), kurie atliko reakcijos laiko į stimulo įjungimą ir išjungimą užduotis, tuo pačiu metu buvo registruojamas atsake dalyvaujančio raumens aktyvumas. Antrajame eksperimente, kuriame naudojome du atsako tipus, dalyvavo šešiolika 21,6 ± 1,5 metų žmonių (aštuonios moterys ir aštuoni vyrai). Rezultatai parodė, kad reakcijos laiko į stimulo įjungimą ir išjungimą skirtumai nepriklauso nuo atsako tipo, be to, šie skirtumai buvo susiję tik su priešmotorine reakcijos laiko dalimi.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: reakcijos laikas, stimulo įjungimas, stimulo išjungimas.Response-related factors in reaction timeto stimulus onset and offset tasksSokolova R., Rukšėnas O., Burle B.    SummaryAccording to V. Di Lollo et al. (2000), the difference in reaction time to stimulus onset and offset is related to response suppression. By using electromyographic activity recording, in the first experiment we investigated whether both premotor and motor parts are affected by the task. Furthermore, in the second experiment, we investigated how other response-related factors, such as response type, could contribute to the difference between reaction time to stimulus onset and offset. In the first experiment, eleven subjects 29 ± 4.6 years old (six women and five men) performed reaction time tasks to stimulus onset and offset, and their response-related muscular activity was recorded. Sixteen 21.6 ± 1.5 years old subjects (eight women, eight men) participated in the second experiment, in which two types of response were required. The results have revealed that differences in the reaction time to stimulus onset and offset are independent of response type and are related to the premotor part of reaction time only.Key words: reaction time, stimulus onset, stimulus offset-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> 

APPLICATION OF THE EARLY DAMAGE DIAGNOSTICS TECHNIQUE TO EXAMINATION OF THE AVIATION PANEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Vasil’ev ◽  
Yu. G. Matvienko ◽  
A. V. Pankov ◽  
A. G. Kalinin
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Video Data ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Damage Diagnostics ◽  
Subsurface Defect ◽  
Sensitive Coating ◽  
Early Damage

The results of using early damage diagnostics technique (developed in the Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMASH RAN) for detecting the latent damage of an aviation panel made of composite material upon bench tensile tests are presented. We have assessed the capabilities of the developed technique and software regarding damage detection at the early stage of panel loading in conditions of elastic strain of the material using brittle strain-sensitive coating and simultaneous crack detection in the coating with a high-speed video camera “Video-print” and acoustic emission system “A-Line 32D.” When revealing a subsurface defect (a notch of the middle stringer) of the aviation panel, the general concept of damage detection at the early stage of loading in conditions of elastic behavior of the material was also tested in the course of the experiment, as well as the software specially developed for cluster analysis and classification of detected location pulses along with the equipment and software for simultaneous recording of video data flows and arrays of acoustic emission (AE) data. Synchronous recording of video images and AE pulses ensured precise control of the cracking process in the brittle strain-sensitive coating (tensocoating)at all stages of the experiment, whereas the use of structural-phenomenological approach kept track of the main trends in damage accumulation at different structural levels and identify the sources of their origin when classifying recorded AE data arrays. The combined use of oxide tensocoatings and high-speed video recording synchronized with the AE control system, provide the possibility of definite determination of the subsurface defect, reveal the maximum principal strains in the area of crack formation, quantify them and identify the main sources of AE signals upon monitoring the state of the aviation panel under loading P = 90 kN, which is about 12% of the critical load.

Case study: Prediction and field tests of railway noise and effects of a low-height noise barrier

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-314
Author(s):  
Yuna Park ◽  
Hyo-In Koh ◽  
University of Science and Technology, Transpo ◽  
University of Science and Technology, Transpo ◽  
University of Science and Technology, Transpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Railway Noise ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Noise Barrier ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
The Impact

Railway noise is calculated to predict the impact of new or reconstructed railway tracks on nearby residential areas. The results are used to prepare adequate counter- measures, and the calculation results are directly related to the cost of the action plans. The calculated values were used to produce noise maps for each area of inter- est. The Schall 03 2012 is one of the most frequently used methods for the production of noise maps. The latest version was released in 2012 and uses various input para- meters associated with the latest rail vehicles and track systems in Germany. This version has not been sufficiently used in South Korea, and there is a lack of standard guidelines and a precise manual for Korean railway systems. Thus, it is not clear what input parameters will match specific local cases. This study investigates the modeling procedure for Korean railway systems and the differences between calcu- lated railway sound levels and measured values obtained using the Schall 03 2012 model. Depending on the location of sound receivers, the difference between the cal- culated and measured values was within approximately 4 dB for various train types. In the case of high-speed trains, the value was approximately 7 dB. A noise-reducing measure was also modeled. The noise reduction effect of a low-height noise barrier system was predicted and evaluated for operating railway sites within the frame- work of a national research project in Korea. The comparison of calculated and measured values showed differences within 2.5 dB.

scholarly journals Prognostic Assessment of the Performance Parameters for the Industrial Diesel Engines Operated with Microalgae Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6482
Author(s):  
Sergejus Lebedevas ◽  
Laurencas Raslavičius
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Assessment ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Microalgae Oil ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

A study conducted on the high-speed diesel engine (bore/stroke: 79.5/95.5 mm; 66 kW) running with microalgae oil (MAO100) and diesel fuel (D100) showed that, based on Wibe parameters (m and φz), the difference in numerical values of combustion characteristics was ~10% and, in turn, resulted in close energy efficiency indicators (ηi) for both fuels and the possibility to enhance the NOx-smoke opacity trade-off. A comparative analysis by mathematical modeling of energy and traction characteristics for the universal multi-purpose diesel engine CAT 3512B HB-SC (1200 kW, 1800 min−1) confirmed the earlier assumption: at the regimes of external speed characteristics, the difference in Pme and ηi for MAO100 and D100 did not exceeded 0.7–2.0% and 2–4%, respectively. With the refinement and development of the interim concept, the model led to the prognostic evaluation of the suitability of MAO100 as fuel for the FPT Industrial Cursor 13 engine (353 kW, 6-cylinders, common-rail) family. For the selected value of the indicated efficiency ηi = 0.48–0.49, two different combinations of φz and m parameters (φz = 60–70 degCA, m = 0.5 and φz = 60 degCA, m = 1) may be practically realized to achieve the desirable level of maximum combustion pressure Pmax = 130–150 bar (at α~2.0). When switching from diesel to MAO100, it is expected that the ηi will drop by 2–3%, however, an existing reserve in Pmax that comprises 5–7% will open up room for further optimization of energy efficiency and emission indicators.

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