scholarly journals Something in the air? The impact of volatiles on mollusc attack of oilseed rape seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. R. Shannon ◽  
Anne-Emmanuelle Félix ◽  
Guy M. Poppy ◽  
Philip L. Newland ◽  
Nicole M. van Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rape Seedlings

scholarly journals The impact of the EU neonicotinoid seed-dressing ban on oilseed rape production in England

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Scott ◽  
Paul E Bilsborrow
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Influence of Oilseed Rape Seed Treatment with Imidacloprid on Survival, Feeding Behavior, and Detoxifying Enzymes of Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Fang Huang ◽  
Zhongping Hao ◽  
Fengming Yan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Rape Seedlings

Imidacloprid application, as a seed coating agent on oilseed rape, is recommended to control mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In this study, responses of L. erysimi were investigated, including survival, feeding behavior, and detoxifying enzymes, on the oilseed rape seedlings grown from seeds coated with imidacloprid at rates of 6, 12, or 18 g active ingredient (a.i.)/kg seed. The results showed that the aphids’ survival rate, together with that of the progeny of the survivors, on the seed-treated seedlings significantly decreased. This indicates that the aphid population in fields can be suppressed effectively. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique was used to record aphid feeding behaviors on two-, four-, and six-leaf stages of oilseed rape seedlings that had been seed-coated with imidacloprid, and individual responses were revealed during the aphid feeding behavior. On the plants at the two-leaf stage, aphid feeding behaviors were influenced, showing decreased frequency of stylet penetration into the leaf (probe) or into the mesophyll cells (potential drops, pds for short), and shortened duration of stylet event in the leaf (probe) or in the phloem. On the plants at the four- and six-leaf stages, these impacts of imidacloprid were weakened; however, the saliva secretion duration in phloem was shortened to less than 5 min in all imidacloprid treatments. The activity of mixed-function oxidase in aphids maintained on the treated seedlings with imidacloprid was elevated. In conclusion, imidacloprid could be used as a seed coating agent for aphid control, but chemical resistance in aphids should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Safety of Oilseed Rape Straw Mulch of Different Lengths to Rice and Its Suppressive Effects on Weeds

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Jinwen Zhu ◽  
Wen Liang ◽  
Siyu Yang ◽  
Huifu Wang ◽  
Chunhua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Cyperus Difformis ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
The Impact

Rice is widely grown after harvesting of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in many countries. Experiments were carried out under greenhouse and field conditions to assess the impact of oilseed rape straw mulch on rice and paddy weeds. Oilseed rape mulch (900 g m−2) from straw 1-to-7 cm long was found to be safe for rice, when applied four days after sowing (DAS) in direct-seeded rice or four days after transplanting (DAT). In the meantime, the biomass of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. was reduced 65.74%, 80.18%, 81.15%, 70.99%, 55.65%, and 27.22%, respectively, when mulched with powder, and 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9-cm long oilseed rape straw, respectively, and the biomass reductions in Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees., Ludwigia prostrata Roxb., Ammannia auriculata Willd., and Cyperus difformis L. were all above 97% when mulched with 1 cm-length straw. The results of a field trial confirmed that oilseed rape straw mulch (900 g m−2) of 1 cm length was safe for rice. Moreover, weed suppression was as effective as the standard herbicide (oxadiargyl + butachlor 525 g ai ha−1) treatment. These findings demonstrate the potential to manage paddy rice weeds in an effective and environmentally sound manner by mulching with the straw of a preceding crop, oilseed rape.

The impact of climate change on disease constraints on production of oilseed rape

Food Security ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal Evans ◽  
Michael H. Butterworth ◽  
Andreas Baierl ◽  
Mikhail A. Semenov ◽  
Jon S. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Risk Potential of Clubroot Disease on Winter Oilseed Rape

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becke Strehlow ◽  
Friederike de Mol ◽  
Christine Struck
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Potential

Clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is an important disease of cruciferous plants. Although the pathogen is widespread and has been reported to cause high yield losses, the impact on winter oilseed rape (OSR) has not been experimentally verified. To quantify the risk potential of P. brassicae, we conducted two closely linked experiments. A semicontrolled experiment used artificial soil infestation at inoculum densities between 106 and 108 spores liter−1 of soil to detect the impact on seed yield and yield components of a susceptible and resistant OSR cultivar. A greenhouse experiment was implemented using the soil of the semicontrolled experiment after cropping the two cultivars to quantify the influence of cultivar resistance on soil inoculum. According to cumulative link mixed models, disease rating was positively correlated with the amount of inoculum. Linear regression analyses revealed a negative correlation between seed yield and inoculum density. Yield losses of 60% already appeared at the lowest inoculum density. Plant losses and reduced seed per pod were accountable for yield losses. Although the resistant cultivar showed clubroot symptoms, seed yield was not affected by the pathogen. The greenhouse experiment revealed that clubroot severity in subsequent OSR was reduced after cropping the resistant cultivar. This study showed significant yield damage of P. brassicae already at low infestation levels.

Transportation and fate of gold nanoparticles in oilseed rape

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (90) ◽  
pp. 73827-73833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichao Zhang ◽  
Liang Pan ◽  
Min Lv ◽  
Ali Aldalbahi ◽  
Tian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Rape Seedlings

In this work, we demonstrate the mild effect of AuNPs on the growth of oilseed rape seedlings and suggest their potential application as vehicles for gene delivery in plants.

scholarly journals The Impact of Forest Fungi on Promoting Growth and Development of Brassica napus L.

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Grażyna B. Dąbrowska ◽  
Zuzanna Garstecka ◽  
Alina Trejgell ◽  
Henryk P. Dąbrowski ◽  
Wiktoria Konieczna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Impact

Inoculation of plants with fungi has been shown to increase yields by improving germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, root morphogenesis, photosynthesis, and flowering through direct or indirect mechanisms. These mechanisms include solubilization and mineralization of nutrients, facilitating their uptake by plants, regulation of hormone balance, production of volatile organic compounds and microbial enzymes, suppression of plant pathogens, and mitigation of abiotic stresses. In the presented experiments, the effect of selected forest soil fungi on the growth and development of Brassica napus L. seedlings was investigated. Inoculation was carried out in vivo and in pot experiments with ectomycorrhizal and saprophytic fungi typical of forest soils: Collybia tuberosa, Clitocybe sp., Laccaria laccata, Hebeloma mesophaeum, and Cyathusolla. It was shown that all analyzed fungi produced IAA. In the in vitro experiment, B. napus inoculated with L. laccata showed stimulated root growth and greater number of leaves compared to control plants. A similar stimulatory effect on lateral root formation was observed in cuttings grown in pots in the presence of the C. olla fungus. In the pot experiment, the seedlings inoculated with the L. laccata fungus also showed increased growth of shoots and biomass. The effect of inoculation with the tested fungal strains, especially C. olla, on the growth and development of oilseed rape was probably indirect, as it also contributed to an increase in the number of microorganisms, especially soil bacteria. The expression of the metallothioneins in B. napus (BnMT1-BnMT3) varied depending on the fungal species. The presence of C. olla significantly increased BnMT2 expression in oilseed rape. It was found that BnMT1 expression increased and BnMT3 transcripts decreased in plants growing in the presence of L. laccata. This indicates the involvement of BnMT in the adaptation of oilseed rape to growth in fungi presence.

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