scholarly journals Long-term functional plasticity in plant hydraulic architecture in response to supplemental moisture

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. von Arx ◽  
S. R. Archer ◽  
M. K. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Architecture ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Plant Hydraulic Architecture

Protein synthesis-dependent long-term functional plasticity: methods and techniques

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedharan Sajikumar ◽  
Sheeja Navakkode ◽  
Julietta Uta Frey
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Methods And Techniques

Short- and long-term functional plasticity of white matter induced by oligodendrocyte depolarization in the hippocampus

Glia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1299-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Yamazaki ◽  
Hiroki Fujiwara ◽  
Kenya Kaneko ◽  
Yasukazu Hozumi ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Structural and functional plasticity in long-term cultures of adult ventricular myocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosy Joshi-Mukherjee ◽  
Ivy E. Dick ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Brian O'Rourke ◽  
David T. Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Functional Plasticity

Custom-made multiphoton microscope for long-term imaging of neuronal cultures to explore structural and functional plasticity

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Rambani ◽  
Mark C. Booth ◽  
Edgar A. Brown ◽  
Ivan Raikov ◽  
Steve M. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Custom Made

Intensity-related performances are modified by long-term hearing aid use: a functional plasticity?

2002 ◽  
Vol 165 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 142-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Philibert ◽  
L Collet ◽  
J.-F Vesson ◽  
E Veuillet
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Hearing Aid Use

scholarly journals Actomyosin-mediated nanostructural remodeling of the presynaptic vesicle pool by cannabinoids induces long-term depression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen H. McFadden ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Yihui Cui ◽  
Rebecca A. Piskorowski ◽  
Christophe Leterrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Structural Reorganization ◽  
Long Term Depression ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Presynaptic Vesicle

AbstractEndo- and exocannabinoids, such as the psychoactive component of marijuana, exert their effects on brain function by inducing several forms of synaptic plasticity through the modulation of presynaptic vesicle release1-3. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the widely expressed endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression3 (eCB-LTD), are poorly understood. Here, we reveal that eCB-LTD depends on the contractile properties of the pre-synaptic actomyosin cytoskeleton. Preventing this contractility, both directly by inhibiting non-muscle myosin II NMII ATPase and indirectly by inhibiting the upstream Rho-associated kinase ROCK, abolished long-term, but not short-term forms of cannabinoid-induced functional plasticity in both inhibitory hippocampal and excitatory cortico-striatal synapses. Furthermore, using 3D superresolution microscopy, we find an actomyosin contractility-dependent redistribution of synaptic vesicle pools within the presynaptic compartment following cannabinoid receptor activation, leading to vesicle clustering and depletion from the pre-synaptic active zone. These results suggest that cannabinoid-induced functional plasticity is mediated by a nanoscale structural reorganization of the presynaptic compartment produced by actomyosin contraction. By introducing the contractile NMII as an important actin binding/structuring protein in the dynamic regulation of synaptic function, our results open new perspectives in the understanding of mechanisms of synaptic and cognitive function, marijuana intoxication and psychiatric pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Evidence for long-term functional plasticity in the visual cortex of adult cats

1982 ◽  
Vol 324 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Singer ◽  
F. Tretter ◽  
U. Yinon
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Functional Plasticity ◽  
Adult Cats

Effects of drought stress on hydraulic architecture of seedlings from five populations of green ash

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2158-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durland L. Shumway ◽  
Kim C. Steiner ◽  
Marc D. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Precipitation Gradient ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Hydraulic Architecture ◽  
Leaf Specific Conductivity ◽  
Plant Hydraulic Architecture

Two-year-old seedlings of green ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh., representing five native populations from an east to west precipitation gradient, were grown under contrasting moisture regimes in the greenhouse. At midsummer and the end of the growing season, leaf areas, earlywood and latewood transverse areas, and several structural attributes of the xylem hydraulic system were compared between well-watered and drought-stressed seedlings. Xylem hydraulic capacity was essentially fixed by midsummer. Drought significantly reduced both earlywood and latewood production but had no significant effect on potentially functional xylem area (Apf) or flow velocity (v). The principal effect of drought on hydraulic architecture was a significant reduction in leaf area and therefore the ratios of potentially functional xylem area to unit leaf area (Apf to A1) and leaf specific conductivity (LSC). In contrast, populations differed significantly in all measured parameters, especially under drought conditions. Path analysis of LSC and its component variables revealed that treatment differences in LSC arose primarily through differences in A1; contributions from variation in Apf and especially flow velocity were relatively minor. In contrast, population variation in LSC could be attributed in roughly equal measure to variation in Apf and A1, and to a lesser degree to variation in flow velocity. The covariance between A1 and Apf was important for both treatment and population variation in LSC, suggesting a fundamental physiological linkage between these two aspects of plant hydraulic architecture. Among populations, high flow velocity tended to be associated with low Apf to A1 values, thereby minimizing population differences in the composite character LSC. Populations differed significantly in all attributes studied, in one environment or another, but those at either end of the precipitation gradient did not differ in several presumably important structural attributes. Although plant hydraulic architecture is genetically controlled and variable in green ash seedlings, its adaptive significance cannot be considered in isolation from other factors that control plant response to water stress. Key words: leaf specific conductivity, ecotypic variation, xylem structure.

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