scholarly journals PREDICTING DRUNK DRIVING: CONTRIBUTION OF ALCOHOL USE AND RELATED PROBLEMS, TRAFFIC BEHAVIOUR, PERSONALITY AND PLATELET MONOAMINE OXIDASE (MAO) ACTIVITY

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIVA EENSOO ◽  
MARIKA PAAVER ◽  
MAARIKE HARRO ◽  
JAANUS HARRO
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

scholarly journals Relapse of drunk driving and association with traffic accidents, alcohol-related problems and biomarkers of impulsivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tõnis Tokko ◽  
Diva Eensoo ◽  
Mariliis Vaht ◽  
Klaus-Peter Lesch ◽  
Andreas Reif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Allele Carrier ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Traffic Violations ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Drunk Drivers ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

AbstractObjectiveIndividual biological predispositions should play a role in risky driving behaviour. Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) and neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1) gene polymorphisms have been identified as markers of impulsivity, alcohol use and excessive risk-taking. We aimed to find out how this knowledge on neurobiology of impulsivity applies to drunk driving and traffic behaviour in general.MethodsWe have longitudinally examined the behaviour of drunk drivers (n = 203) and controls (n = 211) in traffic, in association with their alcohol-related problems, personality measures and the three biomarkers. We analysed differences between the subjects based on whether they had committed driving while impaired by alcohol (DWI) violation in a 10-year time period after recruitment or not and investigated further, what kind of predictive value do the different biomarkers have in committing DWI and other traffic violations and accidents.ResultsThe original drunk drivers group had lower platelet MAO activity but further DWI was not significantly associated with this measure. Being a NPSR1 T-allele carrier contributed to the risk of repeatedly committing DWI. DAT1 9R carriers in contrast were involved in more traffic accidents by their own fault (active accidents), compared to 10R homozygotes in the whole sample. All groups with DWI also had significantly more alcohol-related problems and higher scores in maladaptive impulsivity compared to controls without DWI.ConclusionsEstablished biological markers of alcohol use and impulsivity can be reliably associated with everyday traffic behaviour and help in contributing to the understanding of the need for more personalized prevention activities.

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and life stress as predictors of psychopathology and coping in a community sample

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Boyd Irving ◽  
Robert D. Coursey ◽  
Monte S. Buchsbaum ◽  
Dennis L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

SynopsisThe present study, using a diathesis-stress model, attempted to confirm prior findings with platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and stress in a middle-aged, non-clinic population. One hundred and seventy-eight adult males from a statewide community club were tested for platelet MAO activity and stressful life events and were also given a variety of psychological measures of both psychopathology and psychosocial coping. The data were examined both for correlations across the total sample and for a comparison of high-risk groups (top and bottom 15% of MAO activity) with a middle MAO group. Low platelet MAO activity was related to a higher incidence of contact with mental health professionals, and more frequent use of alcohol and cigarette smoking. High MAO activity was related to higher levels of anxiety and somatization. High levels of stress were related to increased psychosocial problems reported for female and family members, higher scores on two schizophrenia-related MMPI scales (schizophrenia and paranoia subscales), but fewer idiosyncratic associations, elevated hypomanic, depression, and anxiety scores, increased alcohol use, and increased use of prescribed antianxiety and sedative medication. Neither MAO nor stress were related to current levels of psychosocial coping. Moreover, no interaction effects were uncovered for MAO activity and stress combined.

Monoamine oxidase: associations with alcohol dependence, smoking and other measures of psychopathology

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. WHITFIELD ◽  
D. PANG ◽  
K. K. BUCHOLZ ◽  
P. A. F. MADDEN ◽  
A. C. HEATH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
The Difference

Background. Many reports have appeared on associations between platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and susceptibility to psychiatric conditions; principally alcohol dependence but also conduct disorder, other drug use and depression. Recently, it has become apparent that MAO activity is inhibited by some component of cigarette smoke, and smokers have low platelet MAO activity. Since the prevalence of smoking is higher in many of the conditions in which MAO has been implicated, the MAO susceptibility associations may be partly, or entirely, false.Methods. We have measured platelet MAO in 1551 subjects, recruited from the Australian NHMRC Twin Registry, who have provided information on alcohol use and dependence, smoking, conduct disorder, depression, attempted suicide, panic disorder and social phobia.Results. Current smoking reduced platelet MAO activity in a significant and dose-related manner, with no evidence of lower MAO in ex-smokers or in non-smoking subjects with co-twins who smoked. Alcohol use and lifetime DSM-III-R alcohol dependence history were not associated with MAO activity when smoking was taken into account. Depression, panic disorder and social phobia showed no significant associations with platelet MAO activity. Subjects with a history of serious attempts at suicide had low platelet MAO activity; but although the difference from controls was as great as the reduction associated with smoking it was not significant after correction for smoking effects.Conclusions. Although synaptic MAO activity undoubtedly plays a role in psychopathology, the concept that platelet MAO activity is a direct genetic marker of vulnerability to alcohol dependence cannot be sustained.

Kinetics and Thermolability of Platelet Monoamine Oxidase in Cluster Headache and Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Waldenlind ◽  
Jan Sääf ◽  
Karl Ekbom ◽  
Svante Ross ◽  
Lars-Olof Wahlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Properties ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
C 30

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) from 33 cluster headache patients (17 males, 16 females) and 34 migraine patients (16 males, 18 females) was assayed. The kinetic constants (apparent V max and apparent K m ) and the thermolability, measured as the ratio of the platelet MAO activity after and before heat treatment (+52°C, 30 min), were determined. The MAO activity and V max values were significantly lower in cluster headache than in migraine and in both headache disorders compared to a control group (62 males, 66 females). When comparing all groups, K m was not significantly different except for migraine females, who had lower K m values compared to control females. Thermolability was significantly higher in cluster headache than in migraine and in both headache disorders compared to the control group. Smokers of five cigarettes or more per day had significantly lower Vmax values but similar K m and thermolability values compared to those smoking less or nothing. The findings of low maximal velocities and high thermolability of platelet MAO in cluster headache and migraine are suggested to represent constitutionally different enzyme properties.

Genetics of Platelet MAO Activity in Discordant Schizophrenic and Normal Twins

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Reveley ◽  
Adrianne M. Reveley ◽  
Christine A. Clifford ◽  
Robin M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mz Twins ◽  
Age And Sex

SummaryPlatelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was compared in four age and sex-matched groups: monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for schizophrenia, normal MZ twins, normal dizygotic (DZ) twins and unrelated individuals. Among the twin groups, schizophrenic and normal, there was a remarkably consistent degree of genetic control amounting to 70–80 per cent of the variation in activity. The mean platelet MAO activity of the schizophrenic twins was significantly lower than that of controls, but not than that of their psychiatrically well, neuroleptic-free cotwins; indeed the correlation for the MZ twins discordant for schizophrenia was almost exactly the same as that for the normal MZs. Thus, lower platelet MAO activity in schizophrenia, where it is found, is genetically modulated and not the result of the illness or its treatment.

scholarly journals 1240 PLATELET MONOAMINE OXIDASE (MAO) ACTIVITY IN REYE'S SYNDROME (RS)

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 317A-317A
Author(s):  
Stephen L Newman ◽  
Bajhat A Faraj ◽  
Daniel B Caplan ◽  
Michael Kutner ◽  
Farrouk M Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Reye's Syndrome ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

Personality Correlates of Platelet Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Activity in Female and Male Subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Af Klinteberg ◽  
D. Schalling ◽  
G. Edman ◽  
L. Oreland ◽  
M. Åsberg
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Male Subjects

Low Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Sensation-Seeking Bullfighters

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Carrasco ◽  
Jerónimo Sáiz-Ruiz ◽  
Marina Díaz-Marsá ◽  
Jesús César ◽  
Juan José López-Ibor
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Mao ◽  
Isotopic Methods ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Mao Activity ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

AbstractIn this study, we attempt to demonstrate an association between low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, as assessed by isotopic methods, and the stable behavioral pattern of sensation- and risk-seeking of professional bull-fighters. Sixteen professional bullfighters were studied and compared with a control group of 46 healthy control subjects who did not engage in risky jobs or activities. The group of bullfighters had significantly reduced platelet MAO activity compared with the control group (P<0.05). Bullfighters were shown to be significantly more extroverted and sensation-seeking than controls on various temperament scales. A predisposition to engage in risky activities (eg, bullfighting) and sensation-seeking could be partly conditioned by the presence of biological components of personality manifested by a significantly decreased platelet MAO activity.

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