scholarly journals A Family Longevity Selection Score: Ranking Sibships by Their Longevity, Size, and Availability for Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 170 (12) ◽  
pp. 1555-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sebastiani ◽  
Evan C. Hadley ◽  
Michael Province ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Winifred Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longevity Selection

An adaptive chromosomal polymorphism affecting size-related traits, and longevity selection in a natural population ofDrosophila buzzatii

Genetica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian M. Norry ◽  
Juan C. Vilardi ◽  
Juan J. Fanara ◽  
Esteban Hasson ◽  
Constantina Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Longevity Selection

scholarly journals Unintended consequences of selection for increased production on the health and welfare of livestock

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Este van Marle-Köster ◽  
Carina Visser
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Longevity Selection

Abstract. Modern farming technologies, including quantitative selection and breeding methods in farm animal species, resulted in increased production and efficiency. Selection for increased output in both intensive and extensive production systems has trade-offs and negative outcomes, often more pronounced in intensive systems. Animal welfare and health are often adversely affected and this influences sustainable production. The relative importance of animal welfare differs among developed and developing countries due to the level of economic development, food security and education, as well as religious and cultural practices which presents challenges for sound scientific research. Due to breeding goals in the past set on growth performance, traits such as fertility, welfare and health have been neglected. Fertility is the single most important trait in all livestock species. Reduced fertility and lameness, claw health and mastitis results in unnecessary culling and reduced longevity. Selection pressure for growth accompanied with inbreeding has resulted in a number of genetic defects in beef, sheep and pigs. This review demonstrated the importance of inclusion of animal welfare concepts into breeding objectives and selection strategies. Accurate phenotyping of welfare traits is a limiting factor in the implementation of mitigating strategies, which include diagnostic testing, control of inbreeding and genomic selection.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genetics of exceptional longevity in multigeneration matrilineages

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Kerber ◽  
Elizabeth O’Brien ◽  
Ron Munger ◽  
Ken R. Smith ◽  
Richard M. Cawthon
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Population Database ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
Mtdna Sequence ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Longevity Selection ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Mtdna Haplogroup

AbstractSome heritable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variants may slow the rate of aging. The European mitochondrial haplogroup K has previously been reported to be increased in frequency in centenarians and nonagenarians relative to its frequency in younger individuals, by standard case/control study designs. To select for mitochondrial genomes likely to carry beneficial genetic variants, we screened a large genealogical database (the Utah Population Database, UPDB) for mitochondrial lineages in which the frequency of survival past 90 years was significantly higher than in the general population, and also significantly higher than in close non-matrilineal relatives. We ranked 14,900 distinct matrilineages by the strength of their association with longevity. Full sequencing of the mtDNAs from a single individual from each of 53 matrilineages in the top longevity ranks and each of 374 control matrilineages from the general Utah population, followed by analyses of the mtDNA haplogroup frequencies, identified haplogroup K2 as the haplogroup most enriched in frequency by the longevity selection (Odds Ratio = 23.05). We then analyzed overall survival and cause-specific mortality in the several thousand individuals aged 40 years or older whose mtDNA genotypes could be imputed from the 374 fully sequenced control mtDNAs. In these control matrilineages Haplogroup K2 individuals (n=332) enjoyed a significantly lower all-cause mortality risk than the general population (HR=0.81), attributable in part to a significantly lower risk of dying from heart disease (HR=0.50), as well as lower (though not significantly lower) risks of dying from cancer (HR=0.72) and diabetes (HR=0.74). Furthermore, K2 was the only haplogroup in which mortality was reduced for all three of these common causes of death.

scholarly journals How Well Does the Family Longevity Selection Score Work: A Validation Test Using the Utah Population Database

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liubov S. Arbeeva ◽  
Heidi A. Hanson ◽  
Konstantin G. Arbeev ◽  
Alexander M. Kulminski ◽  
Eric Stallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Database ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
The Family ◽  
Longevity Selection
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