scholarly journals Type A Behavior Pattern, Risky Driving Behaviors, and Serious Road Traffic Accidents: A Prospective Study of the GAZEL Cohort

2005 ◽  
Vol 161 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Nabi ◽  
Silla M. Consoli ◽  
Jean-François Chastang ◽  
Mireille Chiron ◽  
Sylviane Lafont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Type A Behavior ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Type A Behavior Pattern ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Association of Environmental Risk Factors and Personality Traits With Risky Driving Behaviors in a Sample of Young Adults From Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110049
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Beaver ◽  
Mohammed Said Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Ahmed Nezar Kobeisy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Saudi Arabians ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Road traffic accidents represent a serious problem in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), with rates of such accidents far exceeding the rates in developed nations. Even so, there remains relatively little knowledge regarding the driving behaviors among Saudi Arabians. The current study sought to address this gap in the literature by examining the environmental and trait-based contributors to risky driving behaviors among male and female drivers in the KSA. To do so, a sample of college students from a large university in the KSA was analyzed. The results revealed that delinquent peers, low levels of self-control, and higher levels of driving anger were associated with involvement in risky driving behaviors for both male and female drivers. Understanding the interconnections among peers, self-control, anger, and risky driving behaviors may provide some insight into how to reduce risky driving behaviors. Focusing on ways to reduce exposure to risk factors for risky driving behaviors may be one strategy for reducing these types of driving behaviors.

scholarly journals Identifying and Labeling Potentially Risky Driving: A Multistage Process Using Real-World Driving Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Charles Marks ◽  
Arash Jahangiri ◽  
Sahar Ghanipoor Machiani
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Multistage Process ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Every year, over 50 million people are injured and 1.35 million die in traffic accidents. Risky driving behaviors are responsible for over half of all fatal vehicle accidents. Identifying risky driving behaviors within real-world driving (RWD) datasets is a promising avenue to reduce the mortality burden associated with these unsafe behaviors, but numerous technical hurdles must be overcome to do so. Herein, we describe the implementation of a multistage process for classifying unlabeled RWD data as potentially risky or not. In the first stage, data are reformatted and reduced in preparation for classification. In the second stage, subsets of the reformatted data are labeled as potentially risky (or not) using the Iterative-DBSCAN method. In the third stage, the labeled subsets are then used to fit random forest (RF) classification models—RF models were chosen after they were found to be performing better than logistic regression and artificial neural network models. In the final stage, the RF models are used predictively to label the remaining RWD data as potentially risky (or not). The implementation of each stage is described and analyzed for the classification of RWD data from vehicles on public roads in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Overall, we identified 22.7 million observations of potentially risky driving out of 268.2 million observations. This study provides a novel approach for identifying potentially risky driving behaviors within RWD datasets. As such, this study represents an important step in the implementation of protocols designed to address and prevent the harms associated with risky driving.

scholarly journals Patterns of risky driving behaviors among Tuscan adolescent drivers: a cluster analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Lastrucci ◽  
F Innocenti ◽  
C Lorini ◽  
A Berti ◽  
C Silvestri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Drivers ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Abstract Background Adolescents have a high risk of road traffic accident (RTA) because of their high engagement in risky driving behaviors (RDBs); to date, very few studies have investigated the patterns of RDBs. The aim of the study is to identify distinctive RDBs patterns and to examine their associations with RTAs in a sample of adolescent drivers Methods The EDIT project is a cross-sectional survey carried out in a representative sample (6.824) of Tuscany Region students aged 14-19 years. The study analyses a subsample of students who reported to drive/ride at least once a week (2764). Self-reported frequency in the last year of the following RDBs was determined: talking on phone; texting; using GPS; talking to passengers; smoking; eating; listening to loud music; fatigued driving; speeding; and driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs. A cluster analysis was conducted to identify RDBs patterns. A multivariate model was used to evaluate the difference in the risk of RTA across clusters; ANOVA and post-hoc pairwise comparisons were used to further characterize cluster membership Results Four distinct RDBs clusters were identified: “safe”(45.6%), “average”(21.8%), “careless but not DUI”(21.5%) and “reckless and DUI”(11.2%) drivers. When compared with “safe” drivers, “careless but not DUI” and “reckless and DUI” drivers showed a significantly higher risk of RTA (respectively, OR 1.68, 95%CI 1.29-2.18, p < 0.001; OR 2.88; 95%CI 2.10-3.95, p < 0.001). Clusters were characterized by several significant differences in sociodemographic variables, cell-phone use, quality of the relationships with parents, school performances, mental health and well-being, health behaviors, gaming, bullying and risky sexual behaviors Conclusions RDBs evidently occur in typical patterns that are linked with different RTA risks. Several domains of adolescent life seem to be involved in cluster membership. An awareness of this clustering enables to better targeting adolescents at higher risk of RTA Key messages RDBs occur in patterns in adolescents, and indicators of risky behaviors and of mental and social well-being may help to identify RDBs clusters at high risk of road traffic accidents. Multimodal prevention approaches in risky driving behaviors are likely to be more successful than targeting a single behavior in adolescents.

scholarly journals Driving Behaviors in Iran: Comparison of Impulsivity, Attentional Bias, and Decision-Making Styles in Safe and High-Risk Drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Barati ◽  
Abas Pourshahbaz ◽  
Masode Nosratabadi ◽  
Yasaman Shiasy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Objective: Road traffic injuries are leading cause of death and economic losses, particularly in developing countries such as Iran. Thus, increased understanding of the causes of traffic accidents can help solve this problem. The primary goal of this study was to examine attentional bias, decision-making styles, and impulsiveness in drivers with safe or risky driving behaviors. The secondary purpose was to determine the variance of each variable among 2 groups of drivers. Method: This was a cross sectional design study, in which 120 male drivers aged 20-30 years (60 males with risky driving behaviors and 60 with safe driving behaviors) were recruited from Tehran using sampling technique. Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), Decision-Making Style Scale (DMSQ), Manchester Driver Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), Self-Assessment Manikin Scale (SAM), and Dot Probe Task were used. The analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 26 years. Significant differences were found between impulsiveness (attentional, motor, and non planning impulsiveness) and decision-making styles (spontaneous and avoidant) between the 2 groups. Also, based on the results of discriminant function analysis (DFS), the subscales of impulsiveness and 2 decision-making styles explained 25% of the variance in the 2 groups of risky and safe drivers. Conclusion: Findings of this study indicated that impulsiveness and 2 decision-making styles were predominant factors. Therefore, not only is there a need for research to reduce traffic accidents, but studies can also be helpful in issuing driving licenses to individuals.

scholarly journals Crooked nose correction: an institutional experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Anandita Das
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Nasal Reconstruction ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Blunt Force ◽  
The Road ◽  
Crooked Nose ◽  
Blunt Force Trauma ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Crooked noses pose a particular challenge in nasal reconstruction, even for the most experienced of surgeons, as there is inevitably a combination of functional and aesthetic abnormalities which need to be addressed. Crooked nose deformity is a common presentation in the ENT clinic due to raise in the road traffic accidents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of ENT, GMCH. All the cases of crooked noses presenting to our department was included in the study. The patients were subjected to a proper history and thorough physical examination. Preoperative nasal analysis was done using photography and nasal endoscopy. The type of intervention for each patient and their outcome was analyzed.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The majority of the crooked nose was due to blunt force trauma sustained during road traffic accidents (RTA) or during physical violence. In all crooked nose with an external deformity, there is an underlying septal deformity. The aim of the surgery is to achieve an aesthetically pleasing and a physiologically functioning nose.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From the present study, we can conclude that the majority of the crooked nose was due to blunt force trauma sustained during road traffic accidents or due to physical violence. Besides having a considerable external deformity, majority of the cases also had functional problems too and this two aspects could be addressed properly by doing a septorhinoplasty. </p>

scholarly journals Understanding Traffic Accidents among Young Drivers in Qatar

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Faris Tarlochan ◽  
Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim ◽  
Batool Gaben
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Young drivers are generally associated with risky driving behaviors that can lead to crash involvement. Many self-report measurement scales are used to assess such risky behaviors. This study is aimed to understand the risky driving behaviors of young adults in Qatar and how such behaviors are associated with crash involvement. This was achieved through the usage of validated self-report measurement scales adopted for the Arabic context. A nationwide cross-sectional and exploratory study was conducted in Qatar from January to April 2021. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the survey was conducted online. Therefore, respondents were selected conveniently. Hence, the study adopted a non-probability sampling method in which convenience and snowball sampling were used. A total of 253 completed questionnaires were received, of which 57.3% were female, and 42.7% were male. Approximately 55.8% of these young drivers were involved in traffic accidents after obtaining their driving license. On average, most young drivers do have some risky driving behavior accompanied by a low tendency to violate traffic laws, and their driving style is not significantly controlled by their personality on the road. The older young drivers are more involved in traffic accidents than the younger drivers, i.e., around 1.5 times more likely. Moreover, a young male driver is 3.2 times less likely to be involved in traffic accidents than a female driver. In addition, males are only 0.309 times as likely as females to be involved in an accident and have approximately a 70% lower likelihood of having an accident versus females. The analysis is complemented with the association between young drivers’ demographic background and psychosocial-behavioral parameters (linking risky driving behavior, personality, and obligation effects on crash involvement). Some interventions are required to improve driving behavior, such as driving apps that are able to monitor and provide corrective feedback.

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