scholarly journals Xerostomia and polypharmacy among dependent older New Zealanders: a national survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Murray Thomson ◽  
Catherine Anna Ferguson ◽  
Barbara E Janssens ◽  
Ngaire M Kerse ◽  
Graeme S Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Interaction Detection ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prophylactic Aspirin ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
New Zealanders

Abstract Background Medication-induced xerostomia is common in older people. We investigated medication use and xerostomia in dependent older New Zealanders. Methods Medication and xerostomia data analysed from a nationally representative survey of dependent older people. Automatic interaction detection analysis identified medications combinations most strongly associated with xerostomia, and then xerostomia was modelled. Results Just over half were taking five to nine different medications; one in five was taking 10+. Xerostomia prevalence (29.4%; 95% confidence interval 26.5, 32.5) was higher among the latter and lowest in psychogeriatric patients. After controlling for age and sex, it was higher among people taking any antidepressant, and higher still with a tricyclic antidepressant and either a steroid or an anticholinergic, or among people taking a bronchodilator without prophylactic aspirin. Conclusions Health practitioners should work together to ensure that those with xerostomia are managed in a timely and appropriate manner. Medication review is an important component of that.

Abstract P163: Global and Regional Consumption of Specific Dietary Fats and Dietary Cholesterol in 1990 and 2005: Systematic Analysis of Country-Specific Nutrition Surveys Worldwide

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Micha ◽  
Shahab Khatibzadeh ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
John Powles ◽  
Peilin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Diet Surveys ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Assessing the impact of diet on chronic diseases worldwide has been limited by availability only of food disappearance data rather than reliable and systematically assessed consumption data on dietary habits globally. Objective. To review and access published and unpublished national diet surveys worldwide in a systematic and consistent way to produce comprehensive intake data of specific dietary fats and their uncertainties by country, region, age, and sex in 1990 and 2005. Methods. We developed methods to identify, assess, and obtain exposure data (mean, SD) from nationally representative diet surveys worldwide on saturated, n-6, n-3 and trans fats, and dietary cholesterol. To address missing data and estimate mean intake, we developed and applied a multi-level hierarchical Bayesian model that accounted for country- and region-level data, measurement comparability, study representativeness, and diet assessment method. Time-varying country-level covariates were used to inform the estimates, including FAO food availability data, population, GDP, latitude, metabolic risks, and other diet covariates. Uncertainty of the estimates accounted for uncertainty from sampling and statistical modeling. Results. We obtained relevant data (85% by direct author contact) from 76 nationally representative and 15 large regional surveys from 49 countries in 15 regions, covering 75% of the world’s population. Several countries and regions lacked representative data. Data were most frequently available for saturated fat and dietary cholesterol (Figure). Results for other fats will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions. These new methods developed to systematically assess, compile and estimate the exposure distribution of specific dietary fats and cholesterol in a uniform fashion globally allow, for the first time, characterization of consumption habits and trends by country, region, age and sex. Such global assessment is imperative for estimating the impact of dietary fats on chronic diseases worldwide.

scholarly journals Determinants of Nutrition Facts Table Use by Chinese Consumers for Nutritional Value Comparisons

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Zeying Huang ◽  
Haijun Li ◽  
Jiazhang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Nutrition Labeling ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Interaction Detection ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adoption Level

The nutrition facts table is a nutrition labeling tool designed to inform consumers of food nutritional contents and enable them to make healthier choices by comparing the nutritional values of similar foods. However, its adoption level is considerably low in China. This study employed the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) algorithm to explore the factors associated with respondents’ adoption of nutrition facts table to compare the nutritional values of similar foods. Data were gathered through a nationally representative online survey of 1500 samples. Results suggested that consumers’ comprehension of the nutrition facts table was a direct explanatory factor for its use. The usage was also indirectly explained by people’s nutrition knowledge, the usage of nutrition facts table by their relatives and friends, and their focus on a healthy diet. Therefore, to increase the use of nutrition facts table by Chinese consumers, the first consideration should be given to enhancing consumers’ comprehension of the labeling

scholarly journals Aplikasi Data Mining Dengan Metode CHAID Dalam Menentukan Status Kredit

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizki ◽  
Muhammad Isnaini Hadiyul Umam ◽  
Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Interaction Detection ◽  
Detection Analysis

Seiring dengan digalakkannya Industrial 4.0, data mining menjadi topik yang hangat untuk bahas dikalangan peneliti. Perkembangan teknologi yang begitu cepat memaksa kita untuk dapat mengambil keputusan dengan cepat pula. Kredit macet menjadi salah satu resiko terbesar lembaga keuangan. Resiko kredit macet ini wajib diminimalisir dengan menganalisa faktor status nasabah berdasarkan data personalnya, sehingga dapat dilakukan klasifikasi berdasarkan  hubungan antar faktor tersebut. Salah satu kunci utama memenangkan persaingan pasar yaitu dengan menentukan target pasar. Data mining menyediakan banyak alat bantu untuk klasifikasi, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode analisis CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection Analysis). Diagram pohon keputusan yang dihasilan dari Analisis CHAID dapat memberikan informasi tentang derajat hubungan antara variable independent dan dependent, serta informasi tentang karakteristik masing-masing kategori. Dalam hal ini, analisis CHAID digunakan untuk menentukan klasifikasi nasabah berdasarkan status kredit nasabah sebagai variable terikat dan data pribadi nasabah sebagai variable bebas. Dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square, dari total 7 variables independent, hanya 5 variable yang signifikan dengan variable dependent. Variable-variable tersebut adalah variable independent usia, pekerjaan, pendidikan, jangka waktu dan jumlah pinjaman. Berdasarkan hasil analisis CHAID didapatkan empat kelas. Kelas nasabah dengan pekerjaan sebagai (Aparatur Sipil Negara) ASN merupakan kelas yang memiliki resiko kredit macet yang paling minimal.

scholarly journals Increasing prevalence of anticholinergic medication use in older people in England over 20 years: Cognitive Function and Ageing Study I and II

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Grossi ◽  
Kathryn Richardson ◽  
George Savva ◽  
Chris Fox ◽  
Antony Arthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Anticholinergic Medication ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

Abstract Background: Anticholinergic medication use is linked with increased cognitive decline, dementia, falls and mortality. The characteristics of the population who use anticholinergic medication are not known. Here we estimate the prevalence of anticholinergic use in England’s older population in 1991 and 2011, and describe changes in use by participant’s age, sex, cognition and disability. Methods: We compared data from participants aged 65+ years from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS I and II), collected during 1990-1993 (N=7,635) and 2008-2011 (N=7,762). We estimated the prevalence of potent anticholinergic use (Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden [ACB] score=3) and average anticholinergic burden (sum of ACB scores), using inverse probability weights standardised to the 2011 UK population. These were stratified by age, sex, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental ADL (IADL) disability. Results: Prevalence of potent anticholinergic use increased from 5.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.2-6.3%) of the older population in 1990-93 to 9.9% (9.3-10.7%) in 2008-11, adjusted odds ratio of 1.90 (95%CI 1.67 – 2.16). People with clinically significant cognitive impairment (MMSE [Mini Mental State Examination] 21 or less) were the heaviest users of potent anticholinergic in CFAS II (16.5% [95%CI 12.0-22.3%]). Large increases in the prevalence of the use medication with ‘any’ anticholinergic activity were seen in older people with clinically significant cognitive impairment (53.3% in CFAS I to 71.5% in CFAS II). Conclusions: Use of potent anticholinergic medications nearly doubled in England’s older population over 20 years with some of the greatest increases amongst those particularly vulnerable to anticholinergic side-effects. Key words: cognitive impairment, anticholinergic burden, polypharmacy

scholarly journals Increasing prevalence of anticholinergic medication use in older people in England over 20 years: cognitive function and ageing study I and II

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota M. Grossi ◽  
Kathryn Richardson ◽  
George M. Savva ◽  
Chris Fox ◽  
Antony Arthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Anticholinergic Medication ◽  
Ageing Study

Medicines optimisation in older people: Taking age and sex into account

Maturitas ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lucas ◽  
Julie Byles ◽  
Jennifer H. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Medicines Optimisation ◽  
Age And Sex
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