scholarly journals Effects of Flaxseed Interventions on Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1108-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Rahimlou ◽  
Nasrin Banaie Jahromi ◽  
Nazila Hasanyani ◽  
Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT There have been various clinical studies on the effect of flaxseed-derived products on circulating inflammatory biomarkers, but the findings from these are contradictory. The aim of the present study was to clarify any association. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from inception to May 2018. From the eligible trials, 32 articles describing studies conducted on adults aged 18–70 y were selected for the meta-analysis. Meta-analyses using the random-effects model were performed to investigate the data and results showed significant effects of flaxseed intake on circulating high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.75; 95% CI: −1.19, −0.30; P < 0.001] and TNFα (WMD = −0.38; 95% CI: −0.75,–0.01; P = 0.04). However, no significant changes were found in IL6 concentration (WMD = −0.24; 95% CI: –0.70, 0.21; P = 0.28) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = −0.34; 95% CI:–0.89, 0.20; P = 0.22). Moreover, by eliminating 1 of the studies from the sensitivity analysis, changes in IL6 concentration were significant (WMD = −0.44; 95% CI: –0.81, –0.08). The changes in inflammatory biomarkers were dependent on study design (parallel or crossover), supplement type (flaxseed, flaxseed oil, or lignan), study quality (high or low), and participants’ age and BMI. According to this meta-analysis, flaxseed significantly reduced circulating concentrations of hs-CRP and TNFα, but did not affect IL6 and CRP. Further research is needed to examine the effect of different doses and long-term benefits of flaxseed and its derivatives on inflammatory factors.

scholarly journals Association of vegetarian diet with inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2713-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Nick Bellissimo ◽  
Julia O Totosy de Zepetnek ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Minimum Duration ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Hs Crp

AbstractObjectiveVegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components. We aimed to investigate the effects of vegetarianism on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with omnivores.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingLiterature search was conducted in Science Direct, Proquest, MEDLINE and Google Scholar up to June 2016. Summary estimates and corresponding 95 % CI were derived via the DerSimonian and Laird method using random effects, subgroup analyses were run to find the source of heterogeneity and a fixed-effect model examined between-subgroup heterogeneity.SubjectsStudies were included if they evaluated effects of any type of vegetarianism compared with omnivores on circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. No restriction was made in terms of language or the date of study publications.ResultsEighteen articles were included. Pooled effect size showed no difference in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in vegetarians v. omnivores (Hedges’ g=−0·15; 95 % CI −0·35, 0·05), with high heterogeneity (I2=75·6 %, P<0·01). A subgroup analysis by minimum duration of vegetarianism showed that a minimum duration of 2 years vegetarianism was associated with lower hs-CRP levels v. omnivores (Hedges’ g=−0·29; 95 % CI −0·59, 0·01), with moderate heterogeneity (I2=68·9 %, P<0·01). No significant effect was found in studies using a minimum duration of 6 months of vegetarianism, with low heterogeneity. Vegetarianism was associated with increased IL-6 concentrations (0·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·25), with no heterogeneity (I2=0·0 %, P=0·60).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years. Further research is necessary to draw appropriate conclusions regarding potential associations between vegetarianism and IL-6 levels. A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term.

scholarly journals High sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) remains highly stable in long-term archived human serum

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayo P. Doumatey ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Adebowale Adeyemo ◽  
Charles Rotimi
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KADAR TRIASILGLISEROL DARAH DENGAN KADAR HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN PADA REMAJA OBES

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melda Melatunan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Triacylglycerol Level ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract: Obesity is one of the health problem in the world, also in Indonesia. Obesity is caused by an increased amount of fat that stored in the form triacylglycerol ( TAG ) which is acquired from food. Increase of triacylglycerol level may cause higher risk of cardiovascular disease. High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of inflammatory factors that can be used as a marker for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the correlations between TAG levels on blood and hs-CRP levels on obese adolescents. This study performed by observational analytic study design with the cross-sectional approach. The number of sample in this study were 17 sample who was willing to join. Analysis of bivariate using Spearman nonparametric test. The results showed a significance value ( p ) 0.272 which indicates that the correlation between TAG levels and hs-CRP levels were not significant. Spearman value showed 0.282 that indicates that the direction of a positive correlation with the strength of the correlation is weak. It can be concluded that there is no correlations between TAG levels in blood with hs-CRP levels on obese adolescents. Keyword: Obesity, TAG, hs-CRP, Adolescents    Abstrak: Obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Obesitas disebabkan akibat peningkatan jumlah lemak yang disimpan dalam bentuk triasilgliserol (TAG) yang diperoleh dari makanan. Peningkatan triasilgliserol ini akan meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler. High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) merupakan faktor penanda inflamasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanda risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar TAG darah dengan kadar hs-CRP pada remaja obes. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 17 sampel yang diambil dari seluruh populasi yang bersedia. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji nonparametrik Spearman. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai signifikansi (p) 0,272 yang menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara kadar TAG dan kadar hs-CRP tidak signifikan. Nilai Spearman sebesar 0,282 menunjukkan bahwa arah korelasi positif dengan kekuatan korelasi yang lemah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar TAG darah dengan kadar hs-CRP pada remaja obes. Kata Kunci : Obesitas, TAG, hs-CRP, Remaja

scholarly journals The effects of aerobic exercises on high sensitivity C-reactive protein and depression in patients living with HIV infection; a systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka Miracle Anieto ◽  
Ekezie Mmanwanne Uduonu ◽  
Obinna Antoninus Ezeukwu ◽  
Ukachukwu Okoroafor Abaraogu ◽  
Ijeoma Blessing Nwadilibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background HIV infection and chronic use of highly active antiretroviral therapy have been associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and major affective disorders (e.g. depression). There is a growing research interest in aerobic exercise as an adjunct therapy on inflammatory outcomes and depression in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Synthesizing and appraising available evidence may be essential to guide practice and future research on exercise intervention to this population. This review evaluated the effects of aerobic exercises on serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depressive symptoms in PLHIV. Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PEDRO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched to include clinical trials that investigated the effects of aerobic exercises on hs-CRP and/or depression in PLWH. Two reviewers independently screened all the articles for eligibility and also evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias assessment tool. Data were extracted and meta-analyses conducted using Review Manager Software. Results Six studies (261 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Four of the studies reported on depressive symptoms and two on hs-CRP outcome The meta-analysis result showed a significant (Z=3.78, p<0.0002) decrease in depression scores in PLWH; implying that aerobic exercise interventions reduce depressive symptoms among PLWH. The two studies that reported on hs-CRP outcome, found no significant effect of aerobic exercise on hs-CRP. Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality. Conclusion There was evidence that aerobic exercises of about 24-60 minutes duration, two to five times per week can lead to a significant improvement in depression level but not hs-CRP in PLWH. However, it should not be concluded as ‘no evidence of effect’ because the included trials do not have sufficient power to detect treatment effects. Thus, further homogenous research with enough “power” is necessary for a conclusive estimate of effects.

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in predicting recurrence and severity of stenosis in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Deepa Damayanthi ◽  
Srinivas Gopala ◽  
Rejith Paul ◽  
P. N. Sylaja
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
Pla2 Activity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (sICAD) is associated with risk of recurrence of cerebral ischemic events in 4-19% of stroke patients annually. Previous studies indicate elevated high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) to be associated with risk of recurrence. Objective: This prospective, observational study investigated serum levels of hs-CRP and the activity of Lp-PLA2 in patients with sICAD in predicting the risk of long-term stroke recurrence. Methods: We enrolled 48 patients with sICAD at 3 months from onset. The demographics, clinical and imaging characteristics were recorded. Serum hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 activity were assessed using automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay and photometric technique, respectively. Patients were followed up at 6 months and 1 year and presence of new vascular events were recorded. Results: The mean age of our study population was 59.5 ± 10.3 years and 91.7% were men. Four patients developed recurrent strokes during follow-up. The mean Hs-CRP was elevated in patients with events than in patients without events (5.9 ± 10.4 mg/L vs. 1.7 ± 2.4 mg/L, P=0.03). However, there was no significant association of mean Lp-PLA2 activity (118.3±42.9 nmol/min/ml vs. 111.9 ± 34.2 nmol/min/ml, P=0.73) with recurrence. Elevation of hs-CRP (3.02 ± 4.8 mg/L vs. 0.95 ± 0.57mg/L, P=0.02) and Lp-PLA2 activity (120.1±40.3 nmol/min/ml vs. 103.3 ± 23.9 nmol/min/ml, P=0.04) was correlated with high-grade stenosis in these patients. Conclusion: Our study suggests serum levels of hs-CRP may serve as a predictor of long-term stroke recurrence risk in sICAD and elevation of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 correlated with the severity of stenosis in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease.

On-admission Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Level Independently Predicts In-Hospital Mortality and Adverse Cardiovascular Events in ST-elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
pp. 263246362110553
Author(s):  
Anggoro Budi Hartopo ◽  
Indah Sukmasari ◽  
Maria Patricia Inggriani ◽  
Thomas Rikl ◽  
Stefi Geovani Valentin Hayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with adverse cardiovascular events during ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to investigate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and soluble ST-2 (sST2), for prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in STEMI. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that consecutively enrolled patients with STEMI. Subjects were observed during hospitalization until discharge or fatal events happened. Adverse cardiovascular event was a compilation of cardiac mortality, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, and malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Blood samples were withdrawn on admission and inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP and sST2) were measured. The receiver operator characteristics curve and multivariable analysis were performed to determine which inflammatory biomarkers predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality. Result: Of 166 subjects, the in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 41 subjects (24.6%) and mortality occurred in 16 subjects (9.6%). Subjects with in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality had a significantly higher hs-CRP level, but comparable sST2 level than subjects without events. The hs-CRP level was the most precise biomarkers to predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (hs-CRP cut-off ≥2.75 mg/L) and mortality (hs-CRP cut-off ≥7 mg/L). Multivariable analysis indicated hs-CRP ≥2.75 mg/L as an independent predictor for in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-7.39, P = .039) and hs-CRP ≥7 mg/L for mortality (adjusted OR: 5.45, 95% CI: 1.13-26.18, P = .034) in STEMI. Conclusion: On admission, hs-CRP level independently predicted in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events, at cut-off level ≥2.75 mg/L, and mortality, at cut-off level ≥7 mg/L, in STEMI patients.

β-Carotene Concentration and Its Association with Inflammatory Biomarkers in Spanish Schoolchildren

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Ana M. López-Sobaler ◽  
Beatriz Navia ◽  
Pedro Andrés ◽  
Ana I. Jiménez-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Aim: To examine the correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and plasma β-carotene levels in children. Methods: A total of 564 Spanish schoolchildren aged 9-12 were observed and studied. Plasma β-carotene levels were assessed by HPLC. A β-carotene level <4.83 µg/dL (0.09 µmol/L) was considered deficient. Plasma tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by immunoenzyme assays. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was tested by immunonephelometry. Results: Subjects who were β-carotene-deficient (23.1% of the studied children) had higher IL-6 levels than subjects with normal β-carotene concentrations. The log-IL-6 and log-hs-CRP concentrations, but not the log-TNF-α level, were strongly and inversely related to the plasma log-β-carotene level (taking into account log-age, energy intake, log-triglycerides, gender, log-body mass index, log-β-carotene intake, energy from lipids and cholesterol as covariables). When the 3 inflammatory biomarkers were introduced into the regression model along with the corresponding covariables, only the log-IL-6 level was related to the plasma log-β-carotene level (β = -0.505 ± 0.078; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Inflammatory status, in particular IL-6 levels, appears to be negatively associated with plasma β-carotene levels in schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and long-term mortality may differ from lipoprotein(a) levels among patients undergoing coronary angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Guo ◽  
L Lei ◽  
M Ying ◽  
B Wang ◽  
J Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Abstract Background The use of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as an inflammation biomarker in predicting long-term mortality remains controversial. We aimed to investigate whether the association of hs-CRP with long-term mortality differs from another inflammation biomarker, lipoprotein(a), in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). Methods A total of 2422 patients undergoing CAG were included in the final analysis from a prospective, observational study. We divided them into 4 groups according to hs-CRP level (high ≥4.8 mg/l, low &lt;4.8 mg/l) and lipoprotein(a) level (high ≥17 mg/dl, low &lt;17 mg/dl). Results The overall incidence of all-cause long-term mortality was 133/2422 (5.5%). In the high lipoprotein(a) group, after adjusting for LDL-cholesterol concentration (LDL-C), age, sex, smoking status, diabetes mellitus and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a high hs-CRP level was an independent predictor of all-cause long-term mortality (hazard ratio: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.13–3.54; p=0.02). In the low lipoprotein(a) group, a similar result was not found (hazard ratio: 1.42; 95% CI: 0.92–2.01; p=0.24). Conclusions Our data suggested that the association of hs-CRP with all-cause long-term mortality may differ from lipoprotein(a) levels among patients undergoing CAG. In addition to hs-CRP, a high lipoprotein(a) level might be a simultaneous intervention target for improving long-term prognosis in the future. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Residual Inflammation Indicated by High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Predicts Worse Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Japanese Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Norihito Takahashi ◽  
Tomotaka Dohi ◽  
Hirohisa Endo ◽  
Takehiro Funamizu ◽  
Hideki Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Hs Crp

The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical impact of residual inflammatory risk (RIR) by evaluating serial high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in Asian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We evaluated 2032 patients with stable CAD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with serial hs-CRP measurements (2 measurements, 6–9 months apart) from the period 2000 to 2016. A high-RIR was defined as hs-CRP > 0.9 mg/L according to the median value. Patients were assigned to four groups: persistent-high-RIR, increased-RIR, attenuated-RIR, or persistent-low-RIR. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause death were evaluated. MACE rates in patients with persistent high, increased and attenuated RIR were significantly higher than in patients with persistent low RIR (p < 0.001). Moreover, the rate of all-cause death was significantly higher among patients with persistent high and increased RIR than among patients with attenuated and persistent low RIR (p < 0.001). After adjustment, the presence of persistent high RIR (hazard ratio (HR) 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–3.67, p = 0.001), increased RIR (HR 2.25, 95%CI 1.09–4.37, p = 0.029), and attenuated RIR (HR 1.94, 95%CI 1.14–3.32, p = 0.015) were predictive for MACE. In addition, presence of persistent high RIR (HR 2.07, 95%CI 1.41–3.08, p < 0.001) and increased RIR (HR 1.94, 95%CI 1.07–3.36, p = 0.029) were predictive for all-cause death. A high RIR was significantly associated with MACE and all-cause death among Japanese CAD patients. An evaluation of changes in inflammation may carry important prognostic information and may guide the therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals The effects of aerobic exercises on high sensitivity C-reactive protein and depression in patients living with HIV infection; a systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka Miracle Anieto ◽  
Ekezie Mmanwanne Uduonu ◽  
Obinna Antoninus Ezeukwu ◽  
Ukachukwu Okoroafor Abaraogu ◽  
Ijeoma Blessing Nwadilibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background HIV infection and chronic use of highly active antiretroviral therapy have been associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and major affective disorders (e.g. depression). There is a growing research interest in aerobic exercise as an adjunct therapy on inflammatory outcomes and depression in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Synthesizing and appraising available evidence may be essential to guide practice and future research on exercise intervention to this population. This review evaluated the effects of aerobic exercises on serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depressive symptoms in PLHIV. Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PEDRO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched to include clinical trials that investigated the effects of aerobic exercises on hs-CRP and/or depression in PLWH. Two reviewers independently screened all the articles for eligibility and also evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias assessment tool. Data were extracted and meta-analyses conducted using Review Manager Software. Results Six studies (261 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Four of the studies reported on depressive symptoms and two on hs-CRP outcome The meta-analysis result showed a significant (Z=3.78, p<0.0002) decrease in depression scores in PLWH; implying that aerobic exercise interventions reduce depressive symptoms among PLWH. The two studies that reported on hs-CRP outcome, found no significant effect of aerobic exercise on hs-CRP. Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality. Conclusion There was evidence that aerobic exercises of about 24-60 minutes duration, two to five times per week can lead to a significant improvement in depression level but not hs-CRP in PLWH. However, it should not be concluded as ‘no evidence of effect’ because the included trials do not have sufficient power to detect treatment effects. Thus, further homogenous research with enough “power” is necessary for a conclusive estimate of effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document