scholarly journals Corrigendum to Lawrence, G.D. Perspective: The Saturated Fat–Unsaturated Oil Dilemma: Relations of Dietary Fatty Acids and Serum Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Cancer, and All-Cause Mortality. Adv Nutr 2021;12(3):647–56.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2040-2040
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Unsaturated Oil

scholarly journals Dietary fat intake in healthy adolescents: inverse relationships between the estimated intake of saturated fatty acids and serum cholesterol

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Samuelson ◽  
Lars-Erik Bratteby ◽  
Rawya Mohsen ◽  
Bengt Vessby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The One

The objective of the present study was to describe the intake of dietary fatty acids among healthy 15-year-old boys and girls and to relate the intake of specific fatty acids and the fatty acid composition of the serum cholesterol esters to serum lipid, apolipoprotein (Apo) and insulin concentrations respectively. Fifty-two girls and forty-two boys were randomly selected from the official population register. Unexpectedly, significant inverse associations were found between the dietary content of saturated fatty acids with a chain length of four to fifteen C atoms, mainly derived from milk fat, as well as the corresponding fatty acids in the serum cholesterol esters, on the one hand and the serum concentrations of cholesterol and ApoB on the other. The estimated dietary intake of 4:0–10:0, 12:0 and 14:0 respectively, were all significantly inversely related to the serum cholesterol (r-0.32,r-0.31,r-0.30, all P<0.05) and ApoB (r-0.42,r-0.42, andr-0.40, all P<0.05) concentrations in girls and 12:0 to the ApoB concentration (r-0.55, P<0.01) in boys. The proportions of 12:0 and 15:0 in the serum cholesterol esters were negatively correlated with the serum cholesterol concentrations in both girls (r-0.34,r-0.32, P<0.05) and boys (r-0.53, P<0.01;r-0.32, P<0.05) and with the ApoB concentrations among boys (r-0.61, P<0.01;r-0.43, P<0.05). It is conceivable that milk fat contains or is associated with some component in the diet, or some other characteristics of the food intake, which counterbalances the expected positive relationships between saturated fat intake and lipid levels.

scholarly journals The confusion about dietary fatty acids recommendations for CHD prevention

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan Kromhout ◽  
Johanna M. Geleijnse ◽  
Alessandro Menotti ◽  
David R. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Unsaturated Fat ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Methodological Aspects

A recent meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies has not found an association between dietary saturated fat intake and CHD incidence. This funnelled the discussion about the importance of the recommendation to lower the intake of saturated fat for the prevention of CHD. At the same time a document of the European Food Safety Authority has suggested that specific quantitative recommendations are not needed for individual fatty acids but that more general statements can suffice. In this review, we discuss methodological aspects of the absence of association between SFA intake and CHD incidence in prospective cohort studies. We also summarise the results of the controlled dietary experiments on blood lipids and on CHD incidence in which saturated fat was replaced by either cis-unsaturated fat or carbohydrates. Finally, we propose a nutritionally adequate diet with an optimal fatty acid composition for the prevention of CHD in the context of dietary patterns. Such diets are characterised by a low intake of saturated fat, and as low as possible intake of trans-fat and fulfil the requirements for the intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. No recommendation is needed for the intake of cis-MUFA.

scholarly journals Dietary Fatty Acid Saturation Modulates Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Mediated Vascular Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Nuno ◽  
Kathryn G. Lamping
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Fatty Acid Saturation

Sphingolipids, modified by dietary fatty acids, are integral components of plasma membrane and caveolae that are also vasoactive compounds. We hypothesized that dietary fatty acid saturation affects vasoconstriction to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) through caveolar regulation of rho kinase. Wild type (WT) and caveolin-1-deficient (cav-1 KO) mice which lack vascular caveolae were fed a low-fat diet (LF), 60% high-saturated fat diet (lard, HF), or 60% fat diet with equal amounts of lard and n-3 polyunsaturated menhaden oil (MO). Weight gain of WT on HF and MO diets was similar while markedly blunted in cav-1 KO. Neither high-fat diet affected the expression of cav-1, rho, or rho kinase in arteries from WT. In cav-1 KO, MO increased the vascular expression of rho but had no effect on rho kinase. HF had no effect on rho or rho kinase expression in cav-1 KO. S1P produced a concentration-dependent constriction of gracilis arteries from WT on LF that was reduced with HF and restored to normal with MO. Constriction to S1P was reduced in cav-1 KO and no longer affected by a high-saturated fat diet. Inhibition of rho kinase which reduced constriction to PE independent of diet in arteries from WT and cav-1 KO only reduced constriction to S1P in arteries from WT fed MO. The data suggest that dietary fatty acids modify vascular responses to S1P by a caveolar-dependent mechanism which is enhanced by dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fats.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat and Protein Intakes in Relation to Plasma Sphingolipids As Determined by a Large-Scale Lipidomic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 861-861
Author(s):  
Jowy Seah Yi Hoong ◽  
Wee Siong Chew ◽  
Federico Torta ◽  
Chin Meng Khoo ◽  
Markus R Wenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Objectives Sphingolipid concentrations have been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Because sphingolipids can be synthesized de novo from saturated fatty acids (SFA), dietary fatty acids may affect plasma sphingolipid concentrations. We aimed to evaluate dietary fat and protein intakes in relation to circulating sphingolipid levels. Methods We used cross-sectional data from 2860 ethnic Chinese Singaporeans collected from 2004–2007. Nutrient intakes were estimated on the basis of a validated 159-item food frequency questionnaire. We quantified 79 molecularly distinct sphingolipids in a large-scale lipidomic evaluation from plasma samples. Results Higher saturated fat intake was associated with higher concentrations of 16:1; O2 sphingolipids including ceramides, monohexosylcermides, dihexosylceramides, sphingomyelins, and sphingosine 1-phosphates. Higher polyunsaturated fat intake was associated with lower plasma long-chain ceramides and long-chain monohexosylcermide concentrations. Protein intake was inversely associated with concentrations of most subclasses of sphingolipids, with the exception of sphingolipids containing a 16:1; O2 sphingoid base. Lower intake of saturated fat and higher intake of polyunsaturated fat and protein may decrease plasma concentrations of several sphingolipid classes. Conclusions These findings may represent a novel biological mechanism for the impact of nutrient intakes on cardio-metabolic health. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Research Foundation Investigatorship grant (NRF-NRFI2015–05, to MRW), A*STAR (I1901E0040), and the National University Health System (NUHSRO/2014/085/AF-Partner/01, DRH). FT was supported by the NRF and A*STAR IAF-ICP I1901E0040.

scholarly journals Dietary and Pharmacological Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1030-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaizhu Wu ◽  
Lu Xu ◽  
Christie M Ballantyne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Omega 3

Abstract Context The effects of dietary intake of different fatty acids and pharmacological use of fatty acids, specifically long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), on cardiovascular health and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention have been examined in a large number of observational studies and clinical trials. This review summarizes recent data and discusses potential mechanisms. Evidence acquisition The review is based on the authors’ knowledge of the field supplemented by a PubMed search using the terms seafood, fish oil, saturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and ASCVD. Evidence synthesis We mainly discuss the recent clinical trials that examine the effects of different types of dietary fatty acids and pharmacological use of n-3 PUFA products on ASCVD prevention and the potential mechanisms. Conclusions While replacement of dietary saturated fat with unsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat in particular, or intake of LC n-3 PUFA–rich seafood has generally shown benefit for ASCVD prevention and is recommended for cardiovascular benefits, data on effects of n-3 PUFA products on ASCVD health are inconsistent. However, recent clinical trials support benefits of prescription EPA in ASCVD prevention. n-3 PUFAs may contribute to ASCVD prevention through multiple mechanisms, including lowering plasma triglyceride levels, anti-inflammatory effects, antithrombotic effects, and effects on endothelial function.

A higher proportion of female lambs when ewes were fed oats and cottonseed meal prior to and following conception

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Gulliver ◽  
M. A. Friend ◽  
B. J. King ◽  
J. F. Wilkins ◽  
E. H. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Omega 6

Diets high in omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids in mice have been associated with a higher proportion of female offspring, however, the specific effects of dietary fatty acids on the sex ratio of sheep has not previously been reported. The aim of the present study was to determine whether feeding ewes a diet differing in n-6 for 6 weeks before and 3 weeks following conception would increase the proportion of female lambs born. Merino × Border Leicester ewes (n = 296) were allocated to receive either a diet high in n-6 (70% oat grain, 8% cottonseed meal, High n-6 diet) or, a control diet low in n-6 (88% legume silage, Low n-6 diet), for 42 or 53 days before and 17 days after conception, using a stratified block randomisation procedure based on body condition score and liveweight. Following synchronisation, oestrus was detected daily during natural mating with rams. After mating, all ewes grazed improved pastures as one group until lambing. Plasma n-6 concentrations were greater (P < 0.001), the time to parturition was shorter (P < 0.001) and the proportion of female offspring was higher (58.2 vs 43.5%, P = 0.010) when ewes were fed the High n-6 diet compared with the Low n-6 diet. Further research is required to determine whether the observed differences in sex ratio were due to specific alterations in n-6 fatty acids, or other differences in the diets not specifically related to n-6 such as saturated fat or energy density.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FEEDING PALM OIL AND SOYBEAN OIL ON BODY WEIGHT AND BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Islam ◽  
MMR Chowdhury ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
MN Hoque ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Mixed Feed

A study was conducted to investigate the role of dietary fatty acids (such as palm oil and soybean oil) on body weight and the level of serum cholesterol in goat in the Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Three equal groups of goats were structured as control (n = 5), palm oil (n = 5) and soybean oil (n = 5) group and fed with normal feed, palm oil (@ 25g)and soybean oil (@ 25g) mixed feed twice a week for 2 months respectively. It was observed that the serum cholesterol of palm oil and soybean oil treated groups decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the advancement of experimental period. The growth performance was not significantly affected by these fatty acids. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed and tissues from stomach and intestine were examined grossly and histologically in all groups. There were no lesions in the tissues of the animals fed on either palm oil or soybean oil.

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