From Hérodias to Hérodiade: Massenet’s Idiosyncratic Take on the Salomé Myth

Adaptation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-58
Author(s):  
Phaedra Claeys
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grand Opera

AbstractMassenet’s Hérodiade (1881) is today one of the lesser-known variations of the Salomé myth. Although based on Flaubert’s Hérodias (1877) and written and premiered at the height of the narrative’s popularity, the opera displays some peculiar deviations from both Flaubert’s tale and other, especially fin-de-siècle, renderings of the myth. By situating Hérodiade’s departures from Flaubert’s short story within both the framework of operatic conventions and the broader context of the opera’s genesis, this article highlights Hérodiade’s status as a self-contained rendering, rather than a mere dramatic rewriting of the story—let alone an unfaithful adaptation. In doing so, three main elements that played an essential role in the process of (re)creation are brought to attention: the conventions of grand opera, Massenet’s own aesthetics and interpretation of the tale, and the impact of the socio-political context of France’s Third Republic on the opera’s development.

scholarly journals Fin-de-Siècle Rural Teachers in the French Third Republic and in Hebrew Galilee Moshavot

10.33496/002 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Rural Teachers ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Teachers And Parents

In 1882 modern education in both France and the Galilee began a massive and continuous penetration into rural zones, followed by deep tensions between modernist teachers and local conservative populations. Many similarities existed between those two seemingly unconnected rural environments. This article analyzes the essence and the significances of similar features of the above processes and considers whether they might be the result of transnational influences. In both arenas, tensions between teachers and peasants reflected open and hidden social, political, and cultural differences. Peasants could hardly understand the efforts teachers were required to invest; they saw in them threatening representatives of external authorities—the Third Republic in France or the Jewish Colonization Association (JCA), the dominant philanthropic association in the Galilee. Main contestations concerned religion, which, for the teachers, became a symbol of all the negative aspects of peasant societies. Teachers also made great efforts to implant notions of romantic nationalism into societies to which such concepts were alien. Such attitudes were translated into thorny conflicts of influence between teachers and parents in rural communities. Consequently, teachers remained in practice socially semi-excluded.

Symons, Arthur William (1865–1945)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Boyiopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
French Symbolism ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Story Writer

Arthur Symons was a British poet, art and literary critic, memoirist, playwright, short story writer, and editor. He was born in Milford Haven, Wales, on 28 February 1865, the son of Cornish parents: Reverend Mark Symons (1824–1898), a Wesleyan Methodist minister, and Lydia Pascoe (1828–1896). Symons was the foremost exponent of Decadence and the leading promoter of French Symbolism in Britain. An enthused socialite, he manoeuvred successfully through London artistic circles and the Paris avant-garde. In 1901 he married Rhoda Bowser (1874–-1936) and in his later years he retreated to Island Cottage, Wittersham, Kent. In 1908–1910 he suffered a mental collapse in Italy, moving in and out of asylums; he chronicles this experience in Confessions: A Study in Pathology (1930). He recovered and resumed his literary career until his seventies, mainly regurgitating themes of his fin-de-siècle period. He died on 22 January 1945.

Pierre de Coubertin: sport and ideology in the Third Republic, 1870–1914

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
H. L. Wesseling
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Organized Sport ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fin De Siècle

Organized sport was first developed in Germany in the form of the so-called Turnvereine, and in England at the public schools. It came to France later, at the end of the nineteenth century. Despite this, the modern Olympic Games was a French invention, the result of the ambitions and efforts of an aristocratic admirer of England, Baron Pierre de Coubertin. His ideas and attitudes were in many ways characteristic of fin-de-siècle France.

scholarly journals Lyon's Wagnerian Diva: Louise Janssen (1863–1938)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 214-236
Author(s):  
Katharine Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIt seems historiographically implausible to ascribe the reputation of fin-de-siècle Lyon as France's Bayreuth to the impact of a single middle-ranking soprano, but the Danish singer Louise Janssen's long-term presence, galvanic musical influence and box-office value suggest precisely that conclusion. Part of the explanation lies with the diva-worship of her supporters (‘Janssenistes’), who curated her image both during her career and in her retirement to create an adopted musical heroine whose memory remains guarded by Lyon council policy. That image, selectively constructed from among her Wagner roles, also typecast her as a singer who had much in common with Symbolist art – a potential Mélisande that Lyon never saw. This article brings together archival and press materials to explain how a foreign-born singer's agency and mythification contributed to a double French naturalisation – her own, and that of Wagner(ism).

Anarchist Terrorism in Fin-de-Siècle France and its Borderlands

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Bouhey
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Propaganda By The Deed

In contrast to traditional historiography, which insists on the absence of organization within the anarchist movement and on the individual character of propaganda by the deed, this chapter situates anarchist attacks in the context of a more structured movement that operated on a local, regional, national, and international scale. This movement was not, however, identical to the “Black International,” the fantasy of a small group giving orders to disciplined operatives that was dreamt up at the time by, among others, police informants and journalists. The chapter shows how, although some attacks were indeed individual and spontaneous, others were carefully prepared by local, regional, national, and cross-border networks whose members benefited from active solidarity within the movement and together managed to terrorize the Third Republic.

The Edinburgh Companion to Fin de Siècle Literature, Culture and the Arts

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
Performance Culture ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Literature Culture ◽  
The Impact

The 22 newly commissioned essays in this volume re-examine some of the key concepts taken to define the British fin se siècle while also introducing hitherto overlooked cultural phenomena, such as humanitarianism. The impact of research into material culture is explored; specifically, how the history of the book and of performance culture is changing our understanding of this period. A wide range of activities is discussed, from participation in avant-garde theatre to interior decoration, and from the publishing of poetry to forms of political and religious activism. Attention is also given to how the meaning of the fin de siècle is impacted by place, including the significance of cultural exchanges between Britain and countries such as Russia and Italy; the distinctiveness of the Irish and Scottish fin de siècles; as well as activities within different regions of England, such as in the Midlands cities of Birmingham and Nottingham. In contrast to recent research exploring the global or transnational dimensions of the fin de siècle, this volume focuses on micro- rather than macro-cultural issues, the research underpinning these essays highlighting a diversity of practices that developed along different timelines and in different geographical locations, and which do not cohere into any simple pattern. Nor is there any obvious point of their intersection which might be said to mark a cultural turning point. A question the volume as a whole thus aims to pose is whether there is anything to be gained by distinguishing all, of any, of these practices as ‘fin-de-siècle’?

Sidewalk Queens

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Frondizi ◽  
Simon Porcher
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Street Prostitution ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

This chapter provides an in-depth historical analysis of prostitution markets in Paris during the 19th century. More specifically, it explores the economic rationalities of the different actors in the informal public prostitution network and how their behavior affects the financial considerations of the other actors in the urban economy. Before discussing the economics of popular prostitutions in fin-de-siècle Paris, the chapter takes a look at streetwalkers and their role in the local economy. It then considers the supply and demand for street prostitutes in Paris, along with the negative externalities of public prostitution in the city. In particular, it examines the impact of street prostitution on regulated brothels, shopkeepers, and annuitants. It also takes into account the positive externalities of street prostitution in relation to wine merchants and slumlords and concludes with an assessment of the red-light district of fin-de-siècle Paris.

Schopenhauer’s Fin de Siècle Reception in Austria

2020 ◽  
pp. 534-555
Author(s):  
Paul Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Hermann Broch ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Impact

This chapter places the reception of Schopenhauer in fin de siècle Austria in its historical context before considering in more detail various areas of intellectual and cultural life where the impact of Schopenhauer has been or may be detected. These include music, Freud and psychoanalysis, gender and misogyny (Weininger and Sacher-Masoch), literature (Karl Kraus, Hofmannsthal, Schnitzler, Rudolf Kassner, and Hermann Broch), philosophy (Fritz Mauthner and Wittgenstein), and visual art (Klimt). Some critics have placed considerable emphasis on the influence of Schopenhauer in these areas, whereas others see his impact as less significant. The chapter concludes by considering Schopenhauer from a characterological angle, arguing that, to the extent that the thinkers, writers, and painters of fin de siècle Austria regarded their intellectual, cultural, and artistic deeds as, in Schopenhauer’s words, “the impression or copy of the character, the mirror of the will,” they were participating in his project of “looking into this mirror” and “recogniz[ing] our innermost self, the kernel of our will.” In this respect it is legitimate to speak of a deep affinity between Schopenhauer and fin de siècle Austria, one that is far more significant than any specific details of his reception.

IRISH POPULAR POLITICS AND THE MAKING OF THE WYNDHAM LAND ACT, 1901–1903

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERGUS CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
British Government ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Land Question ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Politics

The Wyndham Land Act was the most important land reform introduced by any British government during the period of the Act of Union (1801–1922); and this article provides a new interpretation of the origins of this revolutionary legislation. Whereas previous accounts attribute the Act to the initiative of the Irish chief secretary, George Wyndham, this article locates the legislation in the wider context of both popular and ‘high’ politics. The state of the land question in fin de siècle Ireland is examined, as is the United Irish League's extensive agitation for compulsory land purchase between 1901 and 1903. Finally, the impact of the agitation on the British government is considered, and the article demonstrates that the Wyndham Land Act was introduced as a result of the United Irish League's campaign for land reform.

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