Status of and Prospects for Stress, Reactivity, and Cardiovascular Disease: Themes from the Nhlbi-University of Pittsburgh Working Conference

1984 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Karen A. Matthews ◽  
Stephen M. Weiss ◽  
Thomas Detre
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh

Social Stratification and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Examination of Emotional Suppression as a Pathway to Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1202-1215
Author(s):  
Jenny M. Cundiff ◽  
J. Richard Jennings ◽  
Karen A. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
White Men ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress Reactivity

This article examines whether emotional suppression is associated with socioeconomic position (SEP) in a community sample of Black and White men, and whether emotional suppression may help explain the aggregation of multiple biopsychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease at lower SEP (social support, depression, cardiovascular stress reactivity). Aim 1 tests whether multiple indicators of SEP show a consistent graded association with self-reported trait suppression, and whether suppression mediates associations between SEP and perceived social support and depressive affect. Aim 2 tests whether suppression during a laboratory anger recall task mediates associations between SEP and cardiovascular reactivity to the task. All measures of higher SEP were associated with lower suppression. Findings in this racially diverse sample of adult men suggest that socioeconomic disparities in emotional suppression may be more likely to confer cardiovascular risk through disruption of affect and social relationships, than through direct and immediate physiological pathways.

scholarly journals Chronic Stress, Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: Placing the Benefits and Risks of Physical Activity into Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9922
Author(s):  
Barry A. Franklin ◽  
Akash Rusia ◽  
Cindy Haskin-Popp ◽  
Adam Tawney
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Chronic stress, which has been exacerbated worldwide by the lingering COVID pandemic, has been strongly linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition, autonomic dysregulation via sustained sympathetic activity has been shown to increase the risk of arrhythmias, platelet aggregation, acute coronary syndromes and heart failure. Fortunately, effective coping strategies have been shown to attenuate the magnitude of hyperarousal associated with the stress response, including moderate-to-vigorous lifestyle activity and/or structured exercise. A good-to-excellent level of cardiorespiratory fitness also appears to be highly cardioprotective. These beneficial effects have been substantiated by numerous studies that have evaluated the levels of stress reactivity and stress recovery in physically active individuals versus matched sedentary controls, as well as before and after exercise interventions. On the other hand, unaccustomed strenuous exercise in habitually sedentary persons with underlying CVD is associated with a disproportionate incidence of acute cardiac events. Moreover, extreme exercise regimens appear to increase coronary calcification and the likelihood of developing atrial fibrillation. This review summarizes these relations and more, with specific reference to placing the benefits and risks of physical activity into perspective.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Paul ◽  
Feifei Bu ◽  
Daisy Fancourt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Purpose of review In this review, we synthesise recent research on the association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We present evidence for mechanisms underlying this association and propose directions for future research. Recent findings Loneliness is related to increased risk of early mortality and CVD comparable to other well-established risk factors such as obesity or smoking. Summary Loneliness has been linked to higher rates of incident CVD, poorer CVD patient outcomes, and early mortality from CVD. Loneliness likely affects risk for these outcomes via health-related behaviours (e.g. physical inactivity and smoking), biological mechanisms (e.g. inflammation, stress reactivity), and psychological factors (e.g. depression) to indirectly damage health.

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