scholarly journals Metabolite profiles of rice cultivars containing bacterial blight-resistant genes are distinctive from susceptible rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wu ◽  
H. Yu ◽  
H. Dai ◽  
W. Mei ◽  
X. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

Improvement of Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Cultivars Jyothi and IR50 via Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bharathkumar ◽  
R. S. David Paulraj ◽  
P. V. Brindha ◽  
S. Kavitha ◽  
S. S. Gnanamanickam
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

scholarly journals Particle-bombardment-mediated co-transformation of elite Chinese rice cultivars with genes conferring resistance to bacterial blight and sap-sucking insect pests

Planta ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexuan Tang ◽  
Porntip Tinjuangjun ◽  
Yanan Xu ◽  
Xiaofen Sun ◽  
John A. Gatehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Arsenate-Resistant Genes in Egyptian Rice Cultivars as Soil Pollution Sensors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed E. Hafez ◽  
Ebtesam A. El. Bestawy ◽  
Mohamed A. Rashad ◽  
Sayed M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Arbitrary Primers ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Resistant Genes

The main objective of the present study was to investigate arsenate [As (V)] resistance genes in rice cultivars grown in arsenic contaminated Egyptian soil in order to genetically induce resistance against arsenic in the local rice varieties as well as defining contaminated rice grains and/or soil. Three local rice cultivars; Sakha 102-104 were cultivated on modified Murashige and Skoog Basal Medium (MS medium) containing elevated concentrations of arsenate (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/l). The three varieties showed different resistant attitudes against arsenate with Sakha 104 being the most resistant. Extracted messenger RNA (mRNA) from treated and untreated Sakha 104 plantlets was scanned using differential display to demonstrate the arsenate resistant genes using three different arbitrary primers. About 100 different RNAs with (1500 bp - 50 bp) were obtained from which seven were up-regulated genes, subjected to DNA cloning using TOPO TA system and the selected clones were sequenced. The sequence analysis described four genes out of the seven namely disease resistance protein RPM1, Epstein-Barr virus EBNA-1-like, CwfJ family protein and outer membrane lipoprotein OmlA while the other three genes were hypothetical proteins. It is concluded the four induced genes in the resistant rice cultivar considered as a direct response to arsenic soil pollution. Genes detected in the present study can be used as geno-sensors for rice grains and soil contamination with As (V). Moreover, local rice cultivars may be genetically modified with such genes to induce high resistance and to overcome arsenic soil pollution.

scholarly journals Use of Partial Host Resistance in the Management of Bacterial Blight of Rice

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika B. Adhikari ◽  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Ram Chandra Basnyat ◽  
T. W. Mew
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Progress Curve

The progress of bacterial blight epidemics, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, varies with environment. The irrigated lowland rice production environment in central Terai (plain) is less conducive to the disease than the irrigated lowland rice production environment in eastern Terai in Nepal. The effect of partial resistance on bacterial blight was studied in central Terai during the wet seasons of 1994, 1995, and 1996. Three partially resistant rice cultivars, Sabitri, Laxmi, and IR54 (possessing the Xa4 gene), and susceptible check IR24 were included in this study. Analysis of pooled data from the 3 years of experiments indicated that rice cultivars differed in resistance based on three epidemiological parameters: disease severity (DS), area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and rate of disease increase (r). Estimates of DS, AUDPC, and r were reduced and yield loss was negligible in the partially resistant cultivar Laxmi compared with the susceptible check IR24. IR54, which has partial resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae, also showed low DS, AUDPC, and r, which prevented yield loss due to bacterial blight. The locally adapted cultivar Sabitri showed intermediate estimates of DS, AUDPC, r, and yield loss. Earlier and more severe disease developed in the susceptible check IR24, resulting in a yield loss of 22%. Yield losses were mainly due to reductions in number of tillers, number of grains per panicle, and 1,000-grain weight. These data indicate that the use of rice cultivars with high levels of partial resistance will be an effective tool for the management of bacterial blight in central Terai and similar environments in Nepal.

scholarly journals Screening of Restorable WA-CMS Rice Genotypes for Bacterial Blight (BB) Resistance

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Surabhi Sinha ◽  
Sweta Sinha ◽  
Mankesh Kumar ◽  
Suresh Prasad Singh ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Aim: To screen and evaluate rice genotypes which were found to be having restorability for WA-CMS cytoplasm for their further use in the hybrid breeding program. Study Design: Laboratory-experimental design was used in the study. Place and Duration of the Study: The genotypes used in the study were comprised of promising lines from various experiments, local varieties and landraces, etc. The study was conducted during June 2017 to May 2018. Methodology: In the present study, 55 rice lines which were found to have restorable capacity for WA-CMS system were screened for 4 Bacterial Blight resistance genes viz. Xa4, xa5, xa13, Xa21, against most prevalent races of the pathogen throughout the country, using PCR based molecular markers namely, MP1+MP2, xa5 multiplex, xa13 prom and pTA248, respectively. Results: Bacterial Blight (BB) is considered to be one of the most important diseases of the rice crop. As hybrids are one of the most viable options to increase rice yields, the parental material used for the development of hybrids, must be having genes which show resistance against BB. Out of 55 restorer lines, 43 genotypes amplified for Xa4, 7 genotypes namely R. Bhagwati, IRBB5-9, Narendra Usar Dhan 3, Pratikhya, IR 88964-24-2-1-4, IR 94314-20-2-1B, HHZ 5-DT8-DT1-Y1 showed positive bands for xa5, 3 genotypes namely PAU 3220, N. Usar Dhan 3 and Pratikhya showed positive bands for xa13. However, only one genotype namely Pratikhya amplified for Xa21. In combinations, Narendra Usar Dhan 3 amplified for xa5 and xa13. Pratikhya was the only genotype found to have all 4 BB (Xa4, xa5, xa13, Xa21) resistance genes under consideration.  Conclusion: Genotypes having different BB resistant genes in combinations along with good capability of restoration for prevalent WA-CMS system can further be used as male parent in the hybrid breeding programme for development of BB resistant hybrids.

scholarly journals Genotypic and phenotypic dissection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on Indica rice cultivars for bacterial blight resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1578-1590
Author(s):  
J. Kumar ◽  
◽  
A. Hussain ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
S.K.Y. Baksh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Gene Combination ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern India ◽  
Blight Disease

Aim: To evaluate the level of virulence of different Xoo isolates/ pathotypes of Eastern and North-eastern India and to identify the suitable donors in rice cultivars having various R-gene combination against virulent Xoo races of Bacterial Blight disease of rice. Methodology: Thirty six Xoo isolates were collected from different places of Eastern and North-eastern India and genetic diversity/ similarity was examined by genotyping of pathotypes using JEL1/JEL2 markers. The 34 Indica rice cultivars carrying different R-gene combination were selected and grown in net house and inoculated artificially with Xoo inoculants from these races/ isolates bacterial of blight disease. Results: The selected 36 Xoo isolates of Eastern and North-eastern India were grouped into seven different isolates/ races based on their genetic diversity using JEL1/JEL2 markers. Among 34 Indica rice cultivars, three or more R-gene combination (xa5 + xa13 + Xa21 and/or Xa4 + xa5 + xa13 + Xa21) cultivars exhibited highly resistant as compared to cultivars with single and double gene combination cultivars against most of the Xoo isolates/ races. Interpretation: The cultivars may determine different level of resistance due to complementary effect of inheritance of suitable R-gene combination. Identified donors may be used for rice resistance breeding programme for Eastern and North-eastern India.

scholarly journals NMR metabolite comparison of local pigmented rice in Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dio N. Wijaya ◽  
Febri Adi Susanto ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Dyah Ismoyowati ◽  
Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Score Plot ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

Pigmented rice may have a black or red color due to higher anthocyanin content in its grain. A natural antioxidant, many studies on anthocyanin have reported its positive effects on human health. This fact has spurred the development of pigmented rice as a functional food. This study aimed to compare the metabolite profiles of black and red rice. Three black rice cultivars, namely Melik, Pari Ireng, and Cempo Ireng Sleman, and two red rice cultivars, Inpari 24 and RC 204, were used. After husk removal, grain samples were ground in liquid nitrogen and dried with a freeze dryer. The dried samples were extracted using 50% MeOD4 (in a D2O phosphate buffer pH 6 containing 0.01% TSP as an internal standard). Metabolomic analysis was performed using 500 MHz NMR followed by multivariate data analysis. An orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model ađer PCA was constructed to discriminate between the five different cultivars. The resulting OPLS-DA score plot revealed a clear separation between black rice and red rice. The metabolites that could influence the separation of red rice and black rice were valine, threonine, alanine, glutamate, galactinol, β-glucose, α-glucose, raffinose, and fumaric acid.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Myanmer Rice Cultivars for Resistance to Bacterial Blight.

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-352
Author(s):  
Noboru ENDO ◽  
Tsugufumi OGAWA ◽  
Gurdev. S. KHUSH
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rice Cultivars
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