Cohomological preliminaries: The local case

2003 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Skip Garibaldi ◽  
Alexander Merkurjev ◽  
Jean-Pierre Serre
Keyword(s):  
Local Case

scholarly journals Assessing Urbanization Dynamics in Turkey’s Marmara Region Using CORINE Data between 2006 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Özlem Altınkaya Genel ◽  
ChengHe Guan
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Sustainable Regional Development ◽  
Linking Theory And Practice

This study investigated the urban growth dynamics of urban regions. The study area was the Marmara Region, one of the most densely populated and ecologically diverse areas in Turkey. Using CORINE land cover data for 2006, 2012, and 2018, the study utilized multiple correspondence analyses and cluster analyses, to analyze land cover changes. The resulting maps, visualized in GIS, revealed the rapid urban transformation of the regional structure, formerly comprised of four distinct areas, into a more complex structure, in which densification and sprawl occur simultaneously. Our findings demonstrated a dissonance between the spatial dynamics of the Marmara Region during the study period, and the capacity and scope of the simultaneously initiated regional policies and mega-projects. This uncoordinated approach has endangered the region’s sustainable development. The paper, therefore, discusses the importance of land use planning and transboundary collaboration for sustainable regional development. Beyond the local case, the results contribute to critical theories in regional planning by linking theory and practice.

scholarly journals The use of diversity indices for local assessment of marine sediment quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Hosokawa ◽  
Kyosuke Momota ◽  
Anthony A. Chariton ◽  
Ryoji Naito ◽  
Yoshiyuki Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Two Indices

AbstractDiversity indices are commonly used to measure changes in marine benthic communities. However, the reliability (and therefore suitability) of these indices for detecting environmental change is often unclear because of small sample size and the inappropriate choice of communities for analysis. This study explored uncertainties in taxonomic density and two indices of community structure in our target region, Japan, and in two local areas within this region, and explored potential solutions. Our analysis of the Japanese regional dataset showed a decrease in family density and a dominance of a few species as sediment conditions become degraded. Local case studies showed that species density is affected by sediment degradation at sites where multiple communities coexist. However, two indices of community structure could become insensitive because of masking by community variability, and small sample size sometimes caused misleading or inaccurate estimates of these indices. We conclude that species density is a sensitive indicator of change in marine benthic communities, and emphasise that indices of community structure should only be used when the community structure of the target community is distinguishable from other coexisting communities and there is sufficient sample size.

scholarly journals An asymptotically compatible approach for Neumann-type boundary condition on nonlocal problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1373-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiqian You ◽  
XinYang Lu ◽  
Nathaniel Task ◽  
Yue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Nonlocal Boundary ◽  
Nonlocal Diffusion ◽  
Order Convergence ◽  
Flux Boundary Condition ◽  
Nonlocal Interactions ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Neumann Type ◽  
Type Boundary

In this paper we consider 2D nonlocal diffusion models with a finite nonlocal horizon parameter δ characterizing the range of nonlocal interactions, and consider the treatment of Neumann-like boundary conditions that have proven challenging for discretizations of nonlocal models. We propose a new generalization of classical local Neumann conditions by converting the local flux to a correction term in the nonlocal model, which provides an estimate for the nonlocal interactions of each point with points outside the domain. While existing 2D nonlocal flux boundary conditions have been shown to exhibit at most first order convergence to the local counter part as δ → 0, the proposed Neumann-type boundary formulation recovers the local case as O(δ2) in the L∞ (Ω) norm, which is optimal considering the O(δ2) convergence of the nonlocal equation to its local limit away from the boundary. We analyze the application of this new boundary treatment to the nonlocal diffusion problem, and present conditions under which the solution of the nonlocal boundary value problem converges to the solution of the corresponding local Neumann problem as the horizon is reduced. To demonstrate the applicability of this nonlocal flux boundary condition to more complicated scenarios, we extend the approach to less regular domains, numerically verifying that we preserve second-order convergence for non-convex domains with corners. Based on the new formulation for nonlocal boundary condition, we develop an asymptotically compatible meshfree discretization, obtaining a solution to the nonlocal diffusion equation with mixed boundary conditions that converges with O(δ2) convergence.

The drivers of greenhouse gas emissions: What do we learn from local case studies?

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Angel ◽  
Samuel Attoh ◽  
David Kromm ◽  
Jennifer Dehart ◽  
Rachel Slocum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Local Case

scholarly journals A structured alternative to Prolog with simple compositional semantics

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 611-627
Author(s):  
ANTÓNIO PORTO
Keyword(s):  
Denotational Semantics ◽  
Expressive Power ◽  
Compositional Semantics ◽  
Variable Binding ◽  
Semantic Framework ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Full Power ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Concrete Language

AbstractProlog's very useful expressive power is not captured by traditional logic programming semantics, due mainly to the cut and goal and clause order. Several alternative semantics have been put forward, exposing operational details of the computation state. We propose instead to redesign Prolog around structured alternatives to the cut and clauses, keeping the expressive power and computation model but with a compositional denotational semantics over much simpler states—just variable bindings. This considerably eases reasoning about programs, by programmers and tools such as a partial evaluator, with safe unfolding of calls through predicate definitions. Anif-then-elseacross clauses replaces most uses of the cut, but the cut's full power is achieved by anuntilconstruct. Disjunction, conjunction anduntil, along with unification, are the primitive goal types with a compositional semantics yielding sequences of variable-binding solutions. This extends to programs via the usual technique of a least fixpoint construction. A simple interpreter for Prolog in the alternative language, and a definition ofuntilin Prolog, establish the identical expressive power of the two languages. Many useful control constructs are derivable from the primitives, and the semantic framework illuminates the discussion of alternative ones. The formalisation rests on a term language with variable abstraction as in the λ-calculus. A clause is an abstraction on the call arguments, a continuation, and the local variables. It can be inclusive or exclusive, expressing a local case bound to a continuation by either a disjunction or anif-then-else. Clauses are open definitions, composed (and closed) with simple functional application β-reduction). This paves the way for a simple account of flexible module composition mechanisms.Cube, a concrete language with the exposed principles, has been implemented on top of a Prolog engine and successfully used to build large real-world applications.

Micro‐enterprise:

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Case ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health And Well Being

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the potential of micro‐enterprises to assist local health and well‐being boards in delivering their strategies, especially in relation to tackling health inequalities, prevention and community support.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on experience gained by Community Catalysts from its work supporting social care and health micro‐enterprise across the UK. There has been little formal research into social care and health micro‐enterprise and so the paper relies heavily on data gathered by Community Catalysts in the course of its work and uses local case studies to illustrate points.FindingsThe paper explains the importance of social care and health micro‐enterprise to the work of health and well being boards, emphasising its potential to help tackle health inequalities and contribute to effective health and well‐being strategies.Originality/valueThere are no examples as yet of imaginative health and well‐being boards engaging effectively with micro‐providers, but boards can draw on learning from local authorities actively stimulating and supporting local micro‐enterprise.

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