scholarly journals On the multiplicity of periodic orbits and homoclinics near critical energy levels of Hamiltonian systems in $\mathbb {R}^4$

2019 ◽  
Vol 372 (2) ◽  
pp. 859-887
Author(s):  
Naiara V. de Paulo ◽  
Pedro A. S. Salomão
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Critical Energy

scholarly journals The Multiplicity Problem for Periodic Orbits of Magnetic Flows on the 2-Sphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Abbondandolo ◽  
Luca Asselle ◽  
Gabriele Benedetti ◽  
Marco Mazzucchelli ◽  
Iskander A. Taimanov
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Cotangent Bundle ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Intermediate Range ◽  
Magnetic Flows ◽  
Almost All

AbstractWe consider magnetic Tonelli Hamiltonian systems on the cotangent bundle of the 2-sphere, where the magnetic form is not necessarily exact. It is known that, on very low and on high energy levels, these systems may have only finitely many periodic orbits. Our main result asserts that almost all energy levels in a precisely characterized intermediate range

KNOTS AND LINKS IN INTEGRABLE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS

1998 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CASASAYAS ◽  
J. MARTINEZ ALFARO ◽  
A. NUNES
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Solid Torus ◽  
Integrable Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Hamiltonian Flows ◽  
Smale Flows ◽  
Knots And Links

The main purpose of this paper is to prove that Bott integrable Hamiltonian flows and non-singular Morse-Smale flows are closely related. As a consequence, we obtain a classification of the knots and links formed by periodic orbits of Bott integrable Hamiltonians on the 3-sphere and on the solid torus. We also show that most of Fomenko's theory on the topology of the energy levels of Bott integrable Hamiltonians can be derived from Morgan's results on 3-manifolds that admit non-singular Morse-Smale flows.

scholarly journals Normal Form Near Orbit Segments of Convex Hamiltonian Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriar Aslani ◽  
Patrick Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Riemannian Metrics ◽  
Riemannian Metric ◽  
The Other ◽  
Finsler Metrics ◽  
The One

Abstract In the study of Hamiltonian systems on cotangent bundles, it is natural to perturb Hamiltonians by adding potentials (functions depending only on the base point). This led to the definition of Mañé genericity [ 8]: a property is generic if, given a Hamiltonian $H$, the set of potentials $g$ such that $H+g$ satisfies the property is generic. This notion is mostly used in the context of Hamiltonians that are convex in $p$, in the sense that $\partial ^2_{pp} H$ is positive definite at each point. We will also restrict our study to this situation. There is a close relation between perturbations of Hamiltonians by a small additive potential and perturbations by a positive factor close to one. Indeed, the Hamiltonians $H+g$ and $H/(1-g)$ have the same level one energy surface, hence their dynamics on this energy surface are reparametrisation of each other, this is the Maupertuis principle. This remark is particularly relevant when $H$ is homogeneous in the fibers (which corresponds to Finsler metrics) or even fiberwise quadratic (which corresponds to Riemannian metrics). In these cases, perturbations by potentials of the Hamiltonian correspond, up to parametrisation, to conformal perturbations of the metric. One of the widely studied aspects is to understand to what extent the return map associated to a periodic orbit can be modified by a small perturbation. This kind of question depends strongly on the context in which they are posed. Some of the most studied contexts are, in increasing order of difficulty, perturbations of general vector fields, perturbations of Hamiltonian systems inside the class of Hamiltonian systems, perturbations of Riemannian metrics inside the class of Riemannian metrics, and Mañé perturbations of convex Hamiltonians. It is for example well known that each vector field can be perturbed to a vector field with only hyperbolic periodic orbits, this is part of the Kupka–Smale Theorem, see [ 5, 13] (the other part of the Kupka–Smale Theorem states that the stable and unstable manifolds intersect transversally; it has also been studied in the various settings mentioned above but will not be discussed here). In the context of Hamiltonian vector fields, the statement has to be weakened, but it remains true that each Hamiltonian can be perturbed to a Hamiltonian with only non-degenerate periodic orbits (including the iterated ones), see [ 11, 12]. The same result is true in the context of Riemannian metrics: every Riemannian metric can be perturbed to a Riemannian metric with only non-degenerate closed geodesics, this is the bumpy metric theorem, see [ 1, 2, 4]. The question was investigated only much more recently in the context of Mañé perturbations of convex Hamiltonians, see [ 9, 10]. It is proved in [ 10] that the same result holds: if $H$ is a convex Hamiltonian and $a$ is a regular value of $H$, then there exist arbitrarily small potentials $g$ such that all periodic orbits (including iterated ones) of $H+g$ at energy $a$ are non-degenerate. The proof given in [ 10] is actually rather similar to the ones given in papers on the perturbations of Riemannian metrics. In all these proofs, it is very useful to work in appropriate coordinates around an orbit segment. In the Riemannian case, one can use the so-called Fermi coordinates. In the Hamiltonian case, appropriate coordinates are considered in [ 10,Lemma 3.1] itself taken from [ 3, Lemma C.1]. However, as we shall detail below, the proof of this Lemma in [ 3], Appendix C, is incomplete, and the statement itself is actually wrong. Our goal in the present paper is to state and prove a corrected version of this normal form Lemma. Our proof is different from the one outlined in [ 3], Appendix C. In particular, it is purely Hamiltonian and does not rest on the results of [ 7] on Finsler metrics, as [ 3] did. Although our normal form is weaker than the one claimed in [ 10], it is actually sufficient to prove the main results of [ 6, 10], as we shall explain after the statement of Theorem 1, and probably also of the other works using [ 3, Lemma C.1].

scholarly journals RESONANCES AND SPECTRAL SHIFT FUNCTION FOR THE SEMI-CLASSICAL DIRAC OPERATOR

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1071-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDALLAH KHOCHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Dirac Operator ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Selfadjoint Operator ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Spectral Shift ◽  
Approximation Formula ◽  
Shift Function ◽  
Spectral Shift Function ◽  
Electro Magnetic

We consider the selfadjoint operator H = H0+ V, where H0is the free semi-classical Dirac operator on ℝ3. We suppose that the smooth matrix-valued potential V = O(〈x〉-δ), δ > 0, has an analytic continuation in a complex sector outside a compact. We define the resonances as the eigenvalues of the non-selfadjoint operator obtained from the Dirac operator H by complex distortions of ℝ3. We establish an upper bound O(h-3) for the number of resonances in any compact domain. For δ > 3, a representation of the derivative of the spectral shift function ξ(λ,h) related to the semi-classical resonances of H and a local trace formula are obtained. In particular, if V is an electro-magnetic potential, we deduce a Weyl-type asymptotics of the spectral shift function. As a by-product, we obtain an upper bound O(h-2) for the number of resonances close to non-critical energy levels in domains of width h and a Breit–Wigner approximation formula for the derivative of the spectral shift function.

scholarly journals The Lusternik–Fet theorem for autonomous Tonelli Hamiltonian systems on twisted cotangent bundles

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 545-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Asselle ◽  
Gabriele Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Symplectic Form ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Closed Manifold ◽  
Hamiltonian Flow ◽  
Cotangent Bundles ◽  
Almost All

Let [Formula: see text] be a closed manifold and consider the Hamiltonian flow associated to an autonomous Tonelli Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] and a twisted symplectic form. In this paper we study the existence of contractible periodic orbits for such a flow. Our main result asserts that if [Formula: see text] is not aspherical, then contractible periodic orbits exist for almost all energies above the maximum critical value of [Formula: see text].

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