Nonlinear attitude control of planar structures in space using only internal controls

3-D examination of the cytoskeletal sheets of mammalian eggs

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124975 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 914-915

Author(s):

Carolyn A. Larabell ◽

David G. Capco ◽

G. Ian Gallicano ◽

Robert W. McGaughey ◽

Karsten Dierksen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Actin Filaments ◽

Somatic Cells ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Blastocyst Stage ◽

Cell Cytoplasm ◽

Planar Structures ◽

Cytoskeletal Network ◽

Entire Cell ◽

Cytoskeletal Networks ◽

Mammalian Eggs

Mammalian eggs and embryos contain an elaborate cytoskeletal network of “sheets” which are distributed throughout the entire cell cytoplasm. Cytoskeletal sheets are long, planar structures unlike the cytoskeletal networks typical of somatic cells (actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments), which are filamentous. These sheets are not found in mammalian somatic cells nor are they found in nonmammalian eggs or embryos. Evidence that they are, indeed, cytoskeletal in nature is derived from studies demonstrating that 1) the sheets are retained in the detergent-resistant cytoskeleton fraction; 2) there are no associated membranes (determined by freeze-fracture); and 3) the sheets dissociate into filaments at the blastocyst stage of embryogenesis. Embedment-free sections of hamster eggs viewed at 60 kV show sheets running across the egg cytoplasm (Fig. 1). Although this approach provides excellent global views of the sheets and their reorganization during development, the mechanism of image formation for embedment-free sections does not permit evaluation of the sheets at high resolution.

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Veterinary practice internal controls

Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Small Animal ◽

10.1016/s1096-2867(96)80010-7 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Thomas E. Catanzaro

Keyword(s):

Internal Controls ◽

Veterinary Practice

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Effects of modified task feedback during training on performance of a simulated attitude control task after thirty days.

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e414752004-001 ◽

1964 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Buckhout ◽

James C. Naylor ◽

George E. Briggs

Keyword(s):

Attitude Control ◽

Control Task

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The Severity of Internal Controls over Financial Reporting Deficiencies: Differences among Types and Industries

FINANCIAL REPORTING ◽

10.3280/fr2014-001003 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 55-77

Author(s):

Tatiana Mazza ◽

Stefano Azzali

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Financial Reporting ◽

Internal Control ◽

Service Industry ◽

Listed Companies ◽

Internal Controls ◽

Service Companies ◽

Finance Industry ◽

Material Weaknesses ◽

Fixed Assets

This study analyzes the severity of Internal Control over Financial Reporting deficiencies (Deficiencies, Significant Deficiencies and Material Weaknesses) in a sample of Italian listed companies, in the period 2007- 2012. Using proprietary data the severity of the deficiencies is tested for account-specific, entity level and information technology controls and for industries (manufacturing and services vs finance industries). The results on ICD severity is compared with one of the most frequent ICD (Acc_Period End/Accounting Policies): for account-specific, ICD in revenues, purchase, fixed assets and intangible, loans and insurance are more severe while ICD in Inventory are less severe. Differences in ICD severity have been found in the characteristic account: ICD in loan and insurance for finance industry and ICD in revenue, purchase for manufacturing and service industry are more severe. Finally, we found that ICD in entity level and information technology controls are less severe than account specific ICD in all industries. However, the results on entity level and information technology deficiencies could also mean that the importance of these types of control are under-evaluated by the manufacturing and service companies.

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