Are Epitopic Sites of 3AB and 3D Nonstructural Proteins Sufficient for Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Moghaddam ◽  
Azadeh Zahmatkesh ◽  
Masoumeh Bagheri ◽  
Homayoon Mahravani
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Mutagenesis Mapping of RNA Structures within the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Genome Reveals Functional Elements Localized in the Polymerase (3D pol )-Encoding Region

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Lasecka-Dykes ◽  
Fiona Tulloch ◽  
Peter Simmonds ◽  
Garry A. Luke ◽  
Paolo Ribeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Rna Structures ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Subgenomic Replicon ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Some RNA structures formed by the genomes of RNA viruses are critical for viral replication. Our study shows that of 46 conserved RNA structures located within the regions of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) genome that encode the nonstructural proteins, only 3 are essential for replication of an FMDV subgenomic replicon.

scholarly journals Detection of Bovine Antibodies against a Conserved Capsid Epitope as the Basis of a Novel Universal Serological Test for Foot-and-Mouth Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Asfor ◽  
N. Howe ◽  
S. Grazioli ◽  
S. Berryman ◽  
K. Parekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Fmd Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Serological Surveillance ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Diagnostic tests for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) include the detection of antibodies against either the viral nonstructural proteins or the capsid. The detection of antibodies against the structural proteins (SP) of the capsid can be used to monitor seroconversion in both infected and vaccinated animals. However, SP tests need to be tailored to the individual FMD virus (FMDV) serotype and their sensitivity may be affected by antigenic variability within each serotype and mismatching between test reagents. As a consequence, FMD reference laboratories are required to maintain multiple type-specific SP assays and reagents. A universal SP test would simplify frontline diagnostics and facilitate large-scale serological surveillance and postvaccination monitoring. In this study, a highly conserved region in the N terminus of FMDV capsid protein VP2 (VP2N) was characterized using a panel of intertype-reactive monoclonal antibodies. This revealed a universal epitope in VP2N which could be used as a peptide antigen to detect FMDV-specific antibodies against all types of the virus. A VP2-peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (VP2-ELISA) was optimized using experimental and reference antisera from immunized, convalescent, and naïve animals (n = 172). The VP2-ELISA is universal and simple and provided sensitive (99%) and specific (93%) detection of antibodies to all FMDV strains used in this study. We anticipate that this SP test could have utility for serosurveillance during virus incursions in FMD-free countries and as an additional screening tool to assess FMD virus circulation in countries where the disease is endemic.

scholarly journals Inter-laboratory comparison of 2 ELISA kits used for foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein serology

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-937
Author(s):  
Clare F. J. Browning ◽  
Antonello Di Nardo ◽  
Lissie Henry ◽  
Tim Pollard ◽  
Lynne Hendry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Thermo Fisher Scientific

Serologic assays used to detect antibodies to nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) are used for disease surveillance in endemic countries, and are essential to providing evidence for freedom of the disease with or without vaccination and to recover the free status of a country after an outbreak. In a 5-site inter-laboratory study, we compared the performance of 2 commercial NSP ELISA kits (ID Screen FMD NSP ELISA single day [short] and overnight protocols, ID.Vet; PrioCHECK FMDV NS antibody ELISA, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The overall concordance between the PrioCHECK and ID Screen test was 93.8% (95% CI: 92.0–95.2%) and 94.8% (95% CI: 93.1–96.1%) for the overnight and short ID Screen incubation protocols, respectively. Our results indicate that the assays (including the 2 different formats of the ID Screen test) can be used interchangeably in post-outbreak serosurveillance.

scholarly journals Identification of T-Cell Epitopes in Nonstructural Proteins of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 3164-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Blanco ◽  
M. Garcia-Briones ◽  
A. Sanz-Parra ◽  
P. Gomes ◽  
E. De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Development of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies against the 3B Protein of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yang ◽  
Satya Parida ◽  
Tim Salo ◽  
Kate Hole ◽  
Lauro Velazquez-Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACTFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most highly contagious and economically devastating diseases, and it severely constrains the international trade of animals. Vaccination against FMD is a key element in the control of FMD. However, vaccination of susceptible animals raises critical issues, such as the differentiation of infected animals from vaccinated animals. The current study developed a reliable and rapid test to detect antibodies against the conserved, nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of the FMD virus (FMDV) to distinguish infected animals from vaccinated animals. A monoclonal antibody (MAb) against the FMDV NSP 3B was produced. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for FMDV/NSP antibody detection was developed using a recombinant 3ABC protein as the antigen and the 3B-specific MAb. Sera collected from naive, FMDV experimentally infected, vaccinated carrier, and noncarrier animals were tested using the 3B cELISA. The diagnostic specificity was 99.4% for naive animals (cattle, pigs, and sheep) and 99.7% for vaccinated noncarrier animals. The diagnostic sensitivity was 100% for experimentally inoculated animals and 64% for vaccinated carrier animals. The performance of this 3B cELISA was compared to that of four commercial ELISA kits using a panel of serum samples established by the World Reference Laboratory for FMD at The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom. The diagnostic sensitivity of the 3B cELISA for the panel of FMDV/NSP-positive bovine serum samples was 94%, which was comparable to or better than that of the commercially available NSP antibody detection kits. This 3B cELISA is a simple, reliable test to detect antibodies against FMDV nonstructural proteins.

scholarly journals Bovine Serum Panel for Evaluating Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nonstructural Protein Antibody Tests

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satya Parida ◽  
Lucy Fleming ◽  
Debi Gibson ◽  
Pip A. Hamblin ◽  
Santina Grazioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Contact Exposure ◽  
Antibody Tests

A panel of 36 sera has been assembled from experimental cattle that had been infected by inoculation or contact exposure with 4 serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) with or without prior vaccination. Virus replication and persistence had been characterized in all of the animals. The proportion of the sera scored positive by 5 tests for antibodies to the nonstructural proteins of FMDV varied, suggesting that the panel can discriminate between the sensitivity with which such tests are able to identify infected cattle. Use of this panel will help in assessment of new tests and quality control of existing methods.

scholarly journals Application of Heparin Affinity Chromatography to Produce a Differential Vaccine without Eliciting Antibodies against the Nonstructural Proteins of the Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Sun Young Park ◽  
Jung-Min Lee ◽  
Ah-Young Kim ◽  
Sang Hyun Park ◽  
Jae-Seok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Vaccine Antigen ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Intact Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Heparin Affinity

Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) application is the most widely used method in removing nonstructural proteins (NSPs) for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine production, some NSPs remaining in the antigen could elicit antibodies against these proteins after repeated vaccinations in livestock. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to purify the FMD virus (FMDV) via affinity chromatography using a heparin ligand to remove most proteins, including NSPs. Chromatography showed an intact virus (146S) particle recovery of 70% or more for three different strains of serotype O FMDV (two locally isolated strains and one genetically modified strain). The experimental vaccine made with antigens eluted via heparin affinity chromatography elicited virus-neutralizing antibodies against homologous viruses but did not induce antibodies against NSPs even after five immunizations in goats; this indicated that the NSPs were effectively removed from the vaccine antigen. This method can then be used to produce a higher-quality vaccine compared with PEG application in terms of the purity of the FMD vaccine. Therefore, this result would be an important groundwork for advanced FMD vaccine manufacturing in the near future.

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