scholarly journals Evaluating the Role of Cellular Immune Responses in the Emergence of HCV NS3 Resistance Mutations During Protease Inhibitor Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enass A. Abdel-hameed ◽  
Susan D. Rouster ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
Ashley Ulm ◽  
Helal F. Hetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Protease Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Tu1046 Evaluation of the Role of the Immune Responses in Determining the Emergence of HCV Ns3 Resistance Mutations During Protease Inhibitor (PI) Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-1095
Author(s):  
Enass A. Abdel-hameed ◽  
Susan D. Rouster ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
Ashley Ulm ◽  
Helal Hetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Resistance Mutations

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HUMORAL ANTIBODIES IN REJECTION OF SKIN HOMOGRAFTS IN RABBITS

1961 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto R. Kretschmer ◽  
Ruy Peréz-Tamayo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Skin Graft ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Antibodies ◽  
Skin Homograft ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Control Skin

Gross and microscopic observations of skin homograft rejection carried out in cortisone-conditioned and non-conditioned rabbits seem to indicate that humoral antibodies play an important role in the phenomenon. Thus, local administration of isoimmune serum to animals bearing skin homografts resulted in a significantly earlier rejection of that particular test graft without modifying the course of a neighboring control-skin graft. This result appears to support the idea that homograft rejection is not only due to cellular antibodies but to a combination of both humoral and cellular immune responses, which should not be regarded as completely unrelated.

scholarly journals Detection of a gamma interferon-induced protein IP-10 in psoriatic plaques.

1988 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Gottlieb ◽  
A D Luster ◽  
D N Posnett ◽  
D M Carter
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Dermal Infiltrate ◽  
Cellular Immune

The pathologic features of psoriatic plaques are inflammation and increased epidermal turnover. IP-10, a cytokine the expression of which is induced by gamma-interferon, is a member of a family of soluble mediators with inflammatory and growth-promoting activities. IP-10 protein was detected in keratinocytes and the dermal infiltrate from active psoriatic plaques using an affinity-purified rabbit anti-IP-10 antibody in immunoperoxidase studies. Successful treatment of active plaques decreased IP-10 expression in plaques. These results were corroborated by Northern blot analysis with an IP-10 cDNA probe. We have previously detected activated T cells and HLA-DR keratinocytes in active psoriatic plaques. Since IP-10 is detected in delayed cellular immune responses, the present study further points to the role of ongoing cellular immune responses in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

scholarly journals Changes in cellular immune responses of Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) due to pyriproxyfen treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyedeh Kimia Mirhaghparast ◽  
Arash Zibaee ◽  
Hassan Hoda ◽  
Jalal Jalali Sendi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chilo Suppressalis ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Phenoloxidase Activity ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract The effects of pyriproxyfen were determined on the cellular immunity and phenoloxidase activity in the 4th instar larvae of Chilo suppressalis Walker. The bioassay results revealed the effective concentrations of: 10L : 18C, 30L : 72C and 50L : 190C μg · ml−1. The sole effect of 18 and 72 μg · ml−1 concentrations at intervals of 1–3 h caused a higher number of total hemocytes in the treated larvae than the control, but the reverse results were observed after 6–24 h. The number of plasmatocytes was lower than that of the control for intervals of 3–24 h but the number of granulocytes was higher than the control after 1–3 h although no significant differences were observed at the other times. In the treated larvae, the activities of phenoloxidase were higher and lower than those of the control after 1–3 h and 6–24 h, respectively. The combined effects of pyriproxyfen and the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana isolate B3 caused higher numbers of total hemocytes, plasmatocytes, and granulocytes in the treated larvae by use of the three concentrations of pyriproxyfen, at intervals of 6 and 12 h. Although the numbers of nodules in the larvae treated with concentrations of 18 μg · ml−1 were higher than those of other treatments, the overall numbers were lower than those of the control. Finally, the activity of phenoloxidase in the treated larvae was higher than that of the control, at intervals of 6 and 12 h post-treatment. Findings of the current study indicate an intervening role of pyriproxyfen in the cellular immunity of C. suppressalis to entomopathogenic objects.

scholarly journals A highly specific assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Zelba ◽  
David Worbs ◽  
Johannes Harter ◽  
Natalia Pieper ◽  
Christina Kyzirakos-Feger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Gaining detailed insights into the role of host immune responses in viral clearance is critical for understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis and future treatment strategies. While studies analyzing humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 were available rather early during the pandemic, cellular immunity came into focus of investigations just recently. For the present work, we have adapted a protocol, designed for the detection of rare neoantigen-specific Memory T cells in cancer patients for studying cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Both, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected after 6 days of in vitro expansion using overlapping peptide libraries representing the whole viral protein. The assay readout was an Intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis detecting four functional markers simultaneously (CD154, TNF, IL-2, IFN-γ). We were able to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in 9 of 9 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms. All patients had reactive T cells against at least one of 12 analyzed viral antigens and all patients had Spike-specific T cells. While some antigens were detected by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Membrane protein was mainly recognized by CD4+ T cells. Strikingly, we were not able to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in 9 unexposed healthy individuals. We are presenting a highly specific protocol for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. Our data confirmed the important role of cellular immune responses in understanding SARS-CoV-2 clearance. We showed that Spike is the most immunogenic antigen. We have introduced Membrane protein as interesting target for studying humoral immune responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients.

The Role of Cellular Immune Responses on Chikungunya Virus Infection-Induced Arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leroy Versteeg ◽  
Maria Eugenia Carter Febres ◽  
Coreen M. Beaumier
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune
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