scholarly journals Effect of Environmental Temperature on the Ability of Culex tarsalis and Aedes taeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Turell ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
William C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Aedes Taeniorhynchus

scholarly journals Wolbachia effects on Rift Valley fever virus infection in Culex tarsalis mosquitoes

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0006050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Dodson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Andrews ◽  
Michael J. Turell ◽  
Jason L. Rasgon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Valley Fever

scholarly journals Wolbachia effects on Rift Valley fever virus infection in Culex tarsalis mosquitoes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Dodson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Andrews ◽  
Michael J. Turell ◽  
Jason L. Rasgon
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
West Nile Virus Infection ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Valley Fever

AbstractInnovative tools are needed to alleviate the burden of mosquito-borne diseases, and strategies that target the pathogen instead of the mosquito are being considered. A possible tactic is the use of Wolbachia, a maternally inherited, endosymbiotic bacterium that can suppress diverse pathogens when introduced to naive mosquito species. We investigated effects of somatic Wolbachia (strain wAlbB) infection on Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Culex tarsalis mosquitoes. When compared to Wolbachia-uninfected mosquitoes, there was no significant effect of Wolbachia infection on RVFV infection, dissemination, or transmission frequencies, nor on viral body or saliva titers. Within Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, there was a modest negative correlation between RVFV body titers and Wolbachia density, suggesting that Wolbachia may suppress RVFV in a density-dependent manner in this mosquito species. These results are contrary to previous work in the same mosquito species, showing Wolbachia-induced enhancement of West Nile virus infection rates. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of exploring the breadth of phenotypes induced by Wolbachia.Author SummaryAn integrated vector management program utilizes several practices, including pesticide application and source reduction, to reduce mosquito populations. However, mosquitoes are developing resistance to some of these methods and new control approaches are needed. A novel technique involves the bacterium Wolbachia that lives naturally in many insects. Wolbachia can be transferred to uninfected mosquitoes and can block pathogen transmission to humans. Additionally, Wolbachia is maternally inherited, allowing it to spread quickly through uninfected field populations of mosquitoes. We studied the impacts of Wolbachia on Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in the naturally uninfected mosquito, Culex tarsalis. Wolbachia had no effects on the ability of Culex tarsalis to become infected with or transmit RVFV. High densities of Wolbachia were associated with no virus infection or low levels of virus, suggesting that Wolbachia might suppress RVFV at high densities. These results contrast with our previous study that showed Wolbachia enhances West Nile virus infection in Culex tarsalis. Together, these studies highlight the importance of studying Wolbachia effects on a variety of pathogens so that control methods are not impeded.

scholarly journals Laboratory demonstration of the vertical transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by Culex tarsalis mosquitoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009273
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Bergren ◽  
Erin M. Borland ◽  
Daniel A. Hartman ◽  
Rebekah C. Kading
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Field Evidence

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus with proven ability to emerge into naïve geographic areas. Limited field evidence suggests that RVFV is transmitted vertically from parent mosquito to offspring, but until now this mechanism has not been confirmed in the laboratory. Furthermore, this transmission mechanism has allowed for the prediction of RVFV epizootics based on rainfall patterns collected from satellite information. However, in spite of the relevance to the initiation of epizootic events, laboratory confirmation of vertical transmission has remained an elusive research aim for thirty-five years. Herein we present preliminary evidence of the vertical transmission of RVFV by Culex tarsalis mosquitoes after oral exposure to RVFV. Progeny from three successive gonotrophic cycles were reared to adults, with infectious RVFV confirmed in each developmental stage. Virus was detected in ovarian tissues of parental mosquitoes 7 days after imbibing an infectious bloodmeal. Infection was confirmed in progeny as early as the first gonotrophic cycle, with infection rates ranging from 2.0–10.0%. Virus titers among progeny were low, which may indicate a host mechanism suppressing replication.

Complement fixation reaction of Rift Valley fever virus

1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Minoru MATSUMOTO ◽  
Saburo IWASA ◽  
Motosige ENDO
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Fixation Reaction
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