Bird Species Potentially Involved in Introduction, Amplification, And Spread of West Nile Virus in A Mediterranean Wetland, The Camargue (Southern France)

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jourdain ◽  
Y. Toussaint ◽  
A. Leblond ◽  
D.J. Bicout ◽  
P. Sabatier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France

Epidemiological perspectives on West Nile virus surveillance in wild birds in Great Britain

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. BRUGMAN ◽  
D. L. HORTON ◽  
L. P. PHIPPS ◽  
N. JOHNSON ◽  
A. J. C. COOK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Dead Bird ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Vector Activity ◽  
Geographical Expansion

SUMMARYWest Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic arthropod-borne pathogen with continued geographical expansion in Europe. We present and evaluate data on the temporal, spatial and bird species focus of the WNV surveillance programme in dead wild birds in Great Britain (2002–2009). During this period all bird samples tested negative for WNV. Eighty-two per cent of the 2072 submissions occurred during the peak period of vector activity with 53% tested during April–July before human and equine infection would be expected. Samples were received from every county, but there was significant geographical clustering (nearest neighbour index=0·23, P<0·001). Over 240 species were represented, with surveillance more likely to detect WNV in resident bird species (92% of submissions) than migrants (8%). Evidence indicates that widespread avian mortality is not generally a reported feature of WNV in Europe and hence additional activities other than dead bird surveillance may maximize the ability to detect WNV circulation before the onset of human and equine infections.

scholarly journals West Nile Virus Infection in Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus): Experimental Infection and Protective Effects of Vaccination

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Nemeth ◽  
Angela M. Bosco-Lauth ◽  
Lisa M. Williams ◽  
Richard A. Bowen ◽  
Justin D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
West Nile Virus Infection ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ruffed Grouse ◽  
Bonasa Umbellus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Peak Viremia

Ruffed grouse ( Bonasa umbellus) population numbers in Pennsylvania dramatically declined during the early 2000s and have subsequently remained depressed throughout much of the state. While this decline has been temporally associated with the presence of West Nile virus (WNV), lack of information on the WNV susceptibility of this popular game bird species has limited the ability to interpret the potential impacts of WNV. To address this knowledge gap, virologic, immunologic, pathologic, and clinical responses as well as protective effects of vaccination following experimental WNV inoculation in ruffed grouse were assessed. Four of 10 (40%) naive, WNV-inoculated grouse succumbed to infection within 8 days and had moderate mean peak viremia titers (107.0 plaque-forming units [PFU]/ml serum); severe necrotizing myocarditis with widespread, corresponding immunohistochemical labeling; and minimal encephalitis. Grouse that survived to the prescribed end point of 14 days postinoculation (6/10; 60%) had slightly lower mean peak viremia titers (106.8 PFU/ml serum), moderate myocardial lesions, and more widespread brain lesions with rare corresponding immunohistochemical labeling. Vaccinated, WNV-inoculated birds ( n = 5) had lower mean peak viremia titers (103.6 PFU/ml serum) and minimal lesions, and sham-inoculated, in-contact control birds ( n = 3) had no evidence of infection. All surviving, inoculated birds seroconverted, and WNV-specific antibodies were detectable in serum and Nobuto filter paper strip–eluted blood samples. These data suggest that WNV could serve as an additional population pressure on ruffed grouse in regions where transmission levels are high and WNV competent, ornithophilic vectors exist.

Recent Circulation of West Nile Virus and Potentially Other Closely Related Flaviviruses in Southern France

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 610-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Vittecoq ◽  
Sylvie Lecollinet ◽  
Elsa Jourdain ◽  
Frédéric Thomas ◽  
Thomas Blanchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France

scholarly journals Prevalence of West Nile Virus Neutralizing Antibodies in Wild Birds from the Camargue Area, Southern France

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Jourdain ◽  
Hervé G. Zeller ◽  
Philippe Sabatier ◽  
Séverine Murri ◽  
Yves Kayser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France

scholarly journals West Nile Virus Outbreak in Horses, Southern France, 2000: Results of a Serosurvey

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Durand ◽  
Véronique Chevalier ◽  
Régis Pouillot ◽  
Jacques Labie ◽  
Ingrid Marendat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France

scholarly journals West Nile outbreak in horses in Southern France: September 2004

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Zeller ◽  
S Zientara ◽  
J Hars ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
West Nile Virus Infection ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Clinical Cases

On 28 August 2004 (week 35), two suspected clinical cases of West Nile virus infection in horses were identified by veterinarians in Saintes-Maries de la Mer, in the Camargue region of southeastern France

scholarly journals WEST NILE VIRUS SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM IN SERBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Tamaš Petrović ◽  
Šekler Milenko ◽  
Dušan Petrić ◽  
Sava Lazić ◽  
Diana Lupulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Veterinary Service ◽  
The Republic

Serological and virological examination of the presence of human and animal infection caused by West Nile Virus (WNV) as well as the presence of the virus in vectors, which has been conducted during the past few years, confi rmed an active virus circulation in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. Based on the obtained results and anticipated intense circulation of WNV, which poses substantial risks for both public and animal health in Serbia, and having in mind its crucial role in the protection of public health, Veterinary Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection infront the Veterinary Service launched and funded the national WNV monitoring program starting from April 2014. The Program encompassed the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia and was conducted by scientific and specialized veterinary institutes and fi eld veterinary service in close collaboration with qualifi ed entomologists and ornithologists. The principal objective of the monitoring – surveillance program is early detection of WNV in monitored regions, timely reporting of the virus presence and activation of human health service institutions and local authorities aimed at establishing the control measures - eradication of mosquitoes, informing the local community and taking all relevant preventive measures for human health protection. Th e surveillance program of the WNV occurrence and spread is based on direct and indirect surveillance of WNV in natural environment. Indirect surveillance encompasses serological testing of seronegative sentinel horses and poultry for the presence of WNV infection, and it is performing continuously and periodically during the most intensive mosquito activity (May – September). The number of sentinel animals that should be tested was defi ned at the district level, according to the rate of anticipated risk of WNV infection. Direct surveillance was performed through periodical and continuous testing of pooled mosquitoes samples collected at two-week intervals during peak mosquito season (May – September) and samples of wild birds (tissues of dead birds and throat swabs of captured live susceptible bird species). The number of samples was stipulated according to the anticipated risk rate in particular regions.

scholarly journals Magpies as Hosts for West Nile Virus, Southern France

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Jourdain ◽  
Michel Gauthier-Clerc ◽  
Philippe Sabatier ◽  
Océane Grège ◽  
Timothy Greenland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France

Serosurvey for West Nile virus in horses in southern France

2005 ◽  
Vol 157 (22) ◽  
pp. 711-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Durand ◽  
G. Dauphin ◽  
H. Zeller ◽  
J. Labie ◽  
I. Schuffenecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Southern France
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