scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Thyroid Nodule Location on the Risk of Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Jasim ◽  
Thomas J. Baranski ◽  
Sharlene A. Teefey ◽  
William D. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule

NO BENEFIT OF DEDICATED THYROID NODULE SCREENING IN PATIENTS WITH ACROMEGALY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngan Betty Lai ◽  
Dave Garg ◽  
Anthony P. Heaney ◽  
Marvin Bergsneider ◽  
Angela M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Fine Needle

Objective: Acromegaly results from the excessive production of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. While there is up to a 2-fold increased prevalence of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly, the incidence of thyroid cancer in this population varies from 1.6 to 10.6% in several European studies. The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer among patients with acromegaly at a large urban academic medical center in the United States (U.S.). Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients with acromegaly between 2006–2015 within the University of California, Los Angeles health system. Data were collected regarding patient demographics, thyroid ultrasounds, thyroid nodule fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy cytology, and thyroid surgical pathology. Results: In this cohort (n = 221, 49.3% women, mean age 53.8 ± 15.2 [SD] years, 55.2% Caucasian), 102 patients (46.2%) underwent a thyroid ultrasound, from which 71 patients (52.1% women, mean age 52.9 ± 15.2 [SD] years, 56.3% Caucasian) were found to have a thyroid nodule. Seventeen patients underwent a thyroid nodule FNA biopsy and the results revealed 12 benign biopsies, 1 follicular neoplasm, 3 suspicious for malignancy, and 1 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), from which 6 underwent thyroidectomy; PTC was confirmed by surgical pathology for all cases (8.5% of all nodules observed). Conclusion: In this sample, the prevalence of thyroid cancer in patients with acromegaly and coexisting thyroid nodules is similar to that reported in the general U.S. population with thyroid nodules (7 to 15%). These findings suggest that there is no benefit of dedicated thyroid nodule screening in patients newly diagnosed with acromegaly. Abbreviations: AACE = American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; ATA = American Thyroid Association; DTC = differentiated thyroid cancer; FNA = fine needle aspiration; GH = growth hormone; IGF-1 = insulin-like growth factor-1; PTC = papillary thyroid cancer; U.S. = United States

scholarly journals The risk of thyroid cancer (TC) in a thyroid nodule on the basis of a tertiary reference TC center experience

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Blewaska ◽  
Aleksandra Sygula ◽  
Ewa Chmielik ◽  
Ewa Stobiecka ◽  
Ewa Zembala-Nozynska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule

scholarly journals Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Cystic Changes in a Patient With Prior History of Toxic Nodule

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962094267
Author(s):  
Gliceida Maria Galarza Fortuna ◽  
Paola Rios ◽  
Ailyn Rivero ◽  
Gabriela Zuniga ◽  
Kathrin Dvir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
Cystic Changes ◽  
History Of

Thyroid nodules are palpable on up to 7% of asymptomatic patients. Cancer is present in 8% to 16% of those patients with previously identified thyroid nodules. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of thyroid cancers. Although most appear as solid nodules on ultrasound imaging, a subset of 2.5% to 6% has cystic components. The presence of cystic changes within thyroid nodules decreases the accuracy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, given the difficulty of obtaining appropriate cellular content. This becomes a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a case of a 31-year-old female with a 1-month history of palpitations, fatigue, and night sweats, who underwent evaluation, and was diagnosed with subclinical hyperthyroidism. She presented 4 years later with compressive symptoms leading to repeat FNA, showing Bethesda III-atypia of undetermined significance and negative molecular testing. Thyroid lobectomy revealed PTC with cystic changes. This case is a reminder that patients with hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule should have closer follow-up. It poses the diagnostic dilemma of how much is good enough in the evaluation and management of a thyroid nodule. Early detection and action should be the standard of care.

Strong association of high urinary iodine with thyroid nodule and papillary thyroid cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 11375-11379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Luan Wang ◽  
Xiuxiu Wang ◽  
Chun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Papillary Thyroid

THE RISK OF THYROID CANCER IN PATIENTS WITH THYROID NODULE 3 CM OR LARGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1286-1290
Author(s):  
Edy Kornelius ◽  
Shih-Chang Lo ◽  
Chien-Ning Huang ◽  
Yi-Sun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle

Objective: There are conflicting data on the risk of thyroid cancer in thyroid nodules 3 cm or larger, and few such studies on this issue have been conducted in Asia. This study aimed to examine the risk of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules 3 cm or larger. Methods: This was a 7-year retrospective study conducted in a tertiary referral hospital in Taiwan. All patients with a thyroid nodule measuring ≥3 cm who underwent thyroid operation with or without fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) were included. The prevalence rate of thyroid cancer, as well as the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and false-negative rate of FNAB for thyroid nodule ≥3 cm were also examined. Results: A total of 132 patients were included in this study. Thyroid cancer was detected in 19 of 132 (14.4%) thyroid nodules measuring ≥3 cm. The performance of FNAB for detecting cancer in nodules 3 cm or larger without considering other ultrasonography parameters was relatively poor with a sensitivity of 50%, but the specificity (100%), PPV (100 %), and NPV (93.4 %) were excellent. Conclusion: The risk of thyroid cancer for thyroid nodules ≥3 cm in this study was low. The PPV and NPV of FNAB were high for the detection of cancer in large nodules. The decision to perform thyroidectomy should not be solely based on nodule size and should include other factors, such as ultrasound characteristics and surgical risk. Abbreviations: ATA = American Thyroid Association; FNAB = fine-needle aspiration biopsy; mPTC = micropapillary thyroid carcinoma; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; PTC = papillary thyroid carcinoma

scholarly journals Absolute Risk Prediction of Second Primary Thyroid Cancer Among 5-Year Survivors of Childhood Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Kovalchik ◽  
Cécile M. Ronckers ◽  
Lene H.S. Veiga ◽  
Alice J. Sigurdson ◽  
Peter D. Inskip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Treatment Information

Purpose We developed three absolute risk models for second primary thyroid cancer to assist with long-term clinical monitoring of childhood cancer survivors. Patients and Methods We used data from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and two nested case-control studies (Nordic CCSS; Late Effects Study Group). Model M1 included self-reported risk factors, model M2 added basic radiation and chemotherapy treatment information abstracted from medical records, and model M3 refined M2 by incorporating reconstructed radiation absorbed dose to the thyroid. All models were validated in an independent cohort of French childhood cancer survivors. Results M1 included birth year, initial cancer type, age at diagnosis, sex, and past thyroid nodule diagnosis. M2 added radiation (yes/no), radiation to the neck (yes/no), and alkylating agent (yes/no). Past thyroid nodule was consistently the strongest risk factor (M1 relative risk [RR], 10.8; M2 RR, 6.8; M3 RR, 8.2). In the validation cohort, 20-year absolute risk predictions for second primary thyroid cancer ranged from 0.04% to 7.4% for M2. Expected events agreed well with observed events for each model, indicating good calibration. All models had good discriminatory ability (M1 area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.77; M2 AUC, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.86; M3 AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.82). Conclusion We developed and validated three absolute risk models for second primary thyroid cancer. Model M2, with basic prior treatment information, could be useful for monitoring thyroid cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors.

Accuracy of thyroid nodule sonography for the detection of thyroid cancer in children: systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Al Nofal ◽  
Michael R. Gionfriddo ◽  
Asma Javed ◽  
Qusay Haydour ◽  
Juan P. Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cancer In Children
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