scholarly journals Improved Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attachment and In Vitro Cartilage Tissue Formation on Chitosan-Modified Poly(l-Lactide-co-Epsilon-Caprolactone) Scaffold

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Yingnan Wu ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Tianting Zhang ◽  
Yu Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Tissue Formation

scholarly journals Comparison of Chondral Defects Repair with In Vitro and In Vivo Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Fan ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Xusheng Li ◽  
Yuming Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Chondral Defects ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation ◽  
Repair Group

The purpose of this study was to compare chondral defects repair with in vitro and in vivo differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A novel PLGA-gelatin/chondroitin/hyaluronate (PLGA-GCH) hybrid scaffold with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-impregnated microspheres (MS-TGF) was fabricated to mimic the extracellular matrix. MS-TGF showed an initial burst release (22.5%) and a subsequent moderate one that achieved 85.1% on day 21. MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF or PLGA-GCH were incubated in vitro and showed that PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF significantly augmented proliferation of MSCs and glycosaminoglycan synthesis compared with PLGA-GCH. Then MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF were implanted and differentiated in vivo to repair chondral defect on the right knee of rabbit (in vivo differentiation repair group), while the contralateral defect was repaired with in vitro differentiated MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH (in vitro differentiation repair group). The histology observation demonstrated that in vivo differentiation repair showed better chondrocyte morphology, integration, and subchondral bone formation compared with in vitro differentiation repair 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively, although there was no significant difference after 6 weeks. The histology grading score comparison also demonstrated the same results. The present study implies that in vivo differentiation induced by PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF and the host microenviroment could keep chondral phenotype and enhance repair. It might serve as another way to induce and expand seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering.

Cartilage tissue formation through assembly of microgels containing mesenchymal stem cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 48-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanyi Li ◽  
Vinh X. Truong ◽  
Philipp Fisch ◽  
Clara Levinson ◽  
Veronica Glattauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Tissue Formation

Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From the Cotyloid Fossa Synovium Have Higher Self-renewal and Differentiation Potential Than Those From the Paralabral Synovium in the Hip Joint

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2942-2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Murata ◽  
Soshi Uchida ◽  
Hajime Utsunomiya ◽  
Akihisa Hatakeyama ◽  
Hirotaka Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome ◽  
And Cartilage

Background: Several studies have shown the relationship between poorer clinical outcomes of arthroscopic femoroacetabular impingement syndrome surgery and focal chondral defects or global chondromalacia/osteoarthritis. Although recent studies described good outcomes after the conjunctive application of synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), none demonstrated the application of synovial MSCs for cartilaginous hip injuries. Purpose: To compare the characteristics of MSCs derived from the paralabral synovium and the cotyloid fossa synovium and determine which is the better source. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Synovium was harvested from 2 locations of the hip—paralabral and cotyloid fossa—from 18 donors. The number of cells, colony-forming units, viability, and differentiation capacities of adipose, bone, and cartilage were collected and compared between groups. In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the differentiation capacity of adipose, bone, and cartilage tissue from both samples. Results: The number of colonies and yield obtained at passage 0 of synovium from the cotyloid fossa was significantly higher than that of the paralabral synovium ( P < .01). In adipogenesis experiments, the frequency of detecting oil red O–positive colonies was significantly higher in the cotyloid fossa than in the paralabral synovium ( P < .05). In osteogenesis experiments, the frequency of von Kossa and alkaline phosphatase positive colonies was higher in the cotyloid fossa synovium than in the paralabral synovium ( P < .05). In chondrogenic experiments, the chondrogenic pellet culture and the gene expressions of COL2a1 and SOX9 were higher in the cotyloid fossa synovium than in the paralabral synovium ( P < .05). Conclusion: MSCs from the cotyloid fossa synovium have higher proliferation and differentiation potential than do those from the paralabral synovium and are therefore a better source. Clinical Relevance: Synovial cells from the cotyloid fossa synovium of patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome are more robust in vitro, suggesting that MSCs from this source may be strongly considered for stem cell therapy.

scholarly journals Characterization of synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells from joints with osteochondritis dissecans

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4075-4085
Author(s):  
Shama Rao ◽  
Siddharth Shetty ◽  
Narendra Nitilapura ◽  
Veena Shetty ◽  
Guruprasad Kanive Parashiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Autologous Therapy

Introduction: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a pathologic condition that occurs in children as well as adults. OCD is often managed based on the extent of ischemia and the stage of the disease. Synovial tissue collected during an arthroscopic procedure might serve as an ideal source for autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a potential for regenerative medicine of cartilage. Therefore, the present in vitro study aimed to evaluate the potency characteristics of synovium-derived MSCs (SMSCs) from joints with OCD for prospective autologous therapy. Methods: Primary culture of SMSCs was established and basic cellular properties, such as morphology, growth kinetics and clonal propagation ability, were analyzed. The expression of phenotypic markers, including CD29, CD44, CD90, CD34 and CD45, was assessed by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Mesodermal differentiation into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes was performed using standard protocols. Expression of chondrocyte-specific markers was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Isolated SMSCs displayed fibroblast-like morphology with > 95% cell viability and had high proliferative rates with a shorter doubling time. The cells showed positive expression of CD29, CD44 and CD90, but were negative for CD34 and CD45 markers. Upon induction, SMSCs were successfully differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. Chondrogenesis was more prominent in SMSCs than osteogenesis. Chondrogenesis was further confirmed by the expression of aggrecan and collagen type IIα1 markers. Conclusion: SMSCs showed greater proliferation and an enhanced ability for chondrogenic differentiation. Synovium can be harvested with minimal tissue damage and donor-site morbidity and might serve as an alternative autologous source of MSCs for cartilage-tissue regeneration.

Influence of Chondrocyte Zone on Co-Cultures With Mesenchymal Stem Cells in HA Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwook Kim ◽  
Jason A. Burdick ◽  
Robert L. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cell Type

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell type for cartilage tissue engineering in that they can undergo chondrogenesis in a variety of 3D contexts [1]. Focused efforts in MSC-based cartilage tissue engineering have recently culminated in the formation of biologic materials possessing biochemical and functional mechanical properties that match that of the native tissue [2]. These approaches generally involve the continuous or intermittent application of pro-chondrogenic growth factors during in vitro culture. For example, in one recent study, we showed robust construct maturation in MSC-seeded hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels transiently exposed to high levels of TGF-β3 [3]. Despite the promise of this approach, MSCs are a multipotent cell type and retain a predilection towards hypertrophic phenotypic conversion (i.e., bone formation) when removed from a pro-chondrogenic environment (e.g., in vivo implantation). Indeed, even in a chondrogenic environment, many MSC-based cultures express pre-hypertrophic markers, including type X collagen, MMP13, and alkaline phosphatase [4]. To address this issue, recent studies have investigated co-culture of human articular chondrocytes and MSCs in both pellet and hydrogel environments. Chondrocytes appear to enhance the initial efficiency of MSC chondrogenic conversion, as well as limit hypertrophic changes in some instances (potentially via secretion of PTHrP and/or other factors) [5–7]. While these findings are intriguing, articular cartilage has a unique depth-dependent morphology including zonal differences in chondrocyte identity. Ng et al. showed that zonal chondrocytes seeded in a bi-layered agarose hydrogel construct can recreate depth-dependent cellular and mechanical heterogeneity, suggesting that these identities are retained with transfer to 3D culture systems [8]. Further, Cheng et al. showed that differences in matrix accumulation and hypertrophy in zonal chondrocytes was controlled by bone morphogenic protein [9]. To determine whether differences in zonal chondrocyte identity influences MSC fate decisions, we evaluated functional properties and phenotypic stability in photocrosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels using distinct, zonal chondrocyte cell fractions co-cultured with bone marrow derived MSCs.

scholarly journals Effects of chondrogenic and osteogenic regulatory factors on composite constructs grown using human mesenchymal stem cells, silk scaffolds and bioreactors

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
pp. 929-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Augst ◽  
Darja Marolt ◽  
Lisa E Freed ◽  
Charu Vepari ◽  
Lorenz Meinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Engineer Cartilage ◽  
Silk Scaffolds ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) isolated from bone marrow aspirates were cultured on silk scaffolds in rotating bioreactors for three weeks with either chondrogenic or osteogenic medium supplements to engineer cartilage- or bone-like tissue constructs. Osteochondral composites formed from these cartilage and bone constructs were cultured for an additional three weeks in culture medium that was supplemented with chondrogenic factors, supplemented with osteogenic factors or unsupplemented. Progression of cartilage and bone formation and the integration between the two regions were assessed by medical imaging (magnetic resonance imaging and micro-computerized tomography imaging), and by biochemical, histological and mechanical assays. During composite culture (three to six weeks), bone-like tissue formation progressed in all three media to a markedly larger extent than cartilage-like tissue formation. The integration of the constructs was most enhanced in composites cultured in chondrogenic medium. The results suggest that tissue composites with well-mineralized regions and substantially less developed cartilage regions can be generated in vitro by culturing hMSCs on silk scaffolds in bioreactors, that hMSCs have markedly higher capacity for producing engineered bone than engineered cartilage, and that chondrogenic factors play major roles at early stages of bone formation by hMSCs and in the integration of the two tissue constructs into a tissue composite.

EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM CYCLIC HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON INITIATING AND ENHANCING THE EXPRESSION OF CHONDROGENIC GENES IN HUMAN ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450054 ◽  
Author(s):  
FARZANEH SAFSHEKAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD TAFAZZOLI SHADPOUR ◽  
MOHAMMAD ALI SHOKRGOZAR ◽  
NOOSHIN HAGHIGHIPOUR ◽  
SEYED HAMED ALAVI
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Control Group

Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising treatment for damaged or diseased cartilage that requires thorough understanding of influential parameters involved in chondrogenic differentiation. This study examined how 4-h application of cyclic hydrostatic pressure (CHP) of 5 MPa at 0.5 Hz could modulate chondroinduction of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in vitro. Four groups were examined including a negative control group, a chemical group treated by growth factor for 10 days, a mechanical group exposed to 4-h loading on the 10th day of pellet culture without any chondrogenic stimulator, and finally a chemical-mechanical group subjected to both growth factor and loading. Application of cyclic hydrostatic pressure increased the expression of chondrogenic genes, including sox9 and aggrecan to higher levels than those of the chemical group. This study indicates that cyclic hydrostatic pressure initiates and enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells with or without growth factors in vitro and confirms the important role of hydrostatic pressure during chondrogenesis in vivo.

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