Role of Empiric Antifungal Therapy in Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcers

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Chammas ◽  
Khaled Abdul Jawad ◽  
Rebecca A. Saberi ◽  
Gareth Gilna ◽  
Eva M. Urrechaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Peptic Ulcers

scholarly journals Role of Azoles in Antifungal Therapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S148-S153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Kauffman
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy

scholarly journals The role of combination antifungal therapy in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis: a systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e76-e81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa A. Garbati ◽  
Faisal A. Alasmari ◽  
Mohammad A. Al-Tannir ◽  
Imad M. Tleyjeh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Antifungal Therapy

scholarly journals Role of a Unique Innovative Device (HEAR-O-SCOPE) in Prevention of Noise Induced Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Sreemanti Bag ◽  
Md. Quaisar Rahaman ◽  
Rajiv Singh ◽  
Chiranjib Das ◽  
Dwaipayan Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Expected Benefits

Introduction Noise induced hearing loss has great significance in today’s world as it comes as an occupational health hazard accompanied with other systemic adverse effects like several neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or peptic ulcers. It can be prevented by serial follow up with pure tone audiograms and use of noise protectors like ear muffs or ear plugs. This article demonsrates an easy-to-adopt method of preventing noise induced hearing loss in the form of an electronic device named HEAR-O-SCOPE. Device Design This device is essentially a decibel meter which senses sound intensities above 85 decibel and equates it with permissible time of exposure for that decibel range and if permissible time of exposure is crossed, sends alarm signals in the form of buzzer and display, giving the user adequate time either to move away from the noisy surrounding or put in noise protectors. This device also has provision for real-time graphical plotting facilities. Expected Benefits Expected outcome by using this device in the long run would be early detection and prevention of noise induced hearing loss and other health hazards of noise pollution. Conclusion Regular use of HEAR-O-SCOPE is highly recommendable for prevention of Noise Induced Hearing Loss.

scholarly journals Antifungal Treatment Aggravates Sepsis through the Elimination of Intestinal Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Baifa Sheng ◽  
Yihui Chen ◽  
Lihua Sun ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Ben Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Mouse Intestine ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Prophylactic antifungal therapy is widely adopted clinically for critical patients and effective in reducing the morbidity of invasive fungal infection and improves outcomes of those diagnosed patients; however, it is not associated with higher overall survival. As intestinal commensal fungi play a fundamental role in the host immune response in health and disease, we propose that antifungal therapy may eliminate intestinal fungi and aggravate another critical syndrome, sepsis. Here, with murine sepsis model, we found that antifungal therapy with fluconazole dismissed intestinal fungal burden and aggravated endotoxin-induced but no gram-positive bacteria-induced sepsis. Nevertheless, antifungal therapy did not exert its detrimental effect on germ-free mice. Moreover, colonizing more commensal fungi in the mouse intestine or administration of fungal cell wall component mannan protected the mice from endotoxin-induced sepsis. On the molecular level, we demonstrated that antifungal therapy aggravated endotoxin sepsis through promoting Gasdermin D cleavage in the distal small intestine. Intestinal colonization with commensal fungi inhibited Gasdermin D cleavage in response to lipopolysaccharide challenge. These findings show that intestinal fungi inhibit Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis and protect the mice from endotoxin-induced sepsis. This study demonstrates the protective role of intestinal fungi in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced sepsis in the laboratory. It will undoubtedly prompt us to study the relationship between antifungal therapy and sepsis in critical patients who are susceptible to endotoxin-induced sepsis in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the Pharmacological Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine SiJunZiTang on Stress-Induced Peptic Ulcers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Mei Chen ◽  
Chien-Ying Lee ◽  
Po-Jung Lin ◽  
Chin-Lang Hsieh ◽  
Hung-Che Shih
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Central Neurotransmitters ◽  
The Brain

Purpose. To explore the effects of SiJunZiTang (SJZT) on central neurotransmitters and the inhibition of HCl hypersecretion, along with the role of the vagus nerve. From this, the effects of SJZT and its constituent ingredients on inhibiting stress-induced peptic ulcers will be determined.Methods. Methods used to determine SJZT's effectiveness included (1) measuring the antipeptic ulcer effects of varying combinations of the constituents of SJZT; (2) evaluations of monoamine (MA) level in the brain; and (3) measuring the effects of longer-term SJZT treatment.Results. Comparing the control and experimental groups where the rats’ vagus nerves were not cut after taking SJZT orally (500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg), the volume of enterogastric juice, free HCl and total acidity all reduce dose-dependently. The group administered SJZT at 1000 mg/kg showed significant reductions (P<0.05). For the experimental groups where the vagus nerves were cut, a comparison with the control group suggests that the group receiving SJZT (500 mg/kg) orally for 21 days demonstrated a cure rate of 34.53%.Conclusion. The results display a correlation between the therapeutic effects of SJZT on stress-induced peptic ulcers and central neurotransmitter levels. Further to this, SJZT can inhibit the hypersecretion of HCl in the stomach, thus inhibiting stress-induced peptic ulcers.

scholarly journals Disseminated and Relapsing Cryptococcosis: What We Still Have to Learn—a Case Series and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annarita Botta ◽  
Matteo Piccica ◽  
Filippo Lagi ◽  
Beatrice Borchi ◽  
Lorenzo Zammarchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patient ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Risk Factors For Recurrence ◽  
Resistant Strains

AbstractTwo cases of disseminated cryptococcosis are described. The first was an HIV-infected patient where cryptococcosis was diagnosed as “unmasking immune reconstitution syndrome”; the second was an immunosuppressed patient with multiple myeloma. In both cases, a definitive healing could not be reached despite long therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes both the most recent and relevant studies about disseminated and refractory form of cryptococcal infections and identifies research gaps. Given the limited data, we draw some conclusions with respect to management from literature: not clear and accepted indication are available regarding disseminated cryptococcosis, no specific schemes were identified, and the duration of therapy is usually decided case by case and supported only by case reports. In this perspective, usually standard therapeutic schemes and duration of induction depend on multiple factors (e.g., neurologic deficit, non-HIV/non transplant status, CSF culture positivity at 2 weeks, etc.). We found that there are no empiric and literature data that support a role of cryptococcal serum antigen (CRAG) in guiding the antifungal therapy; with the data collected, we think that although is possible, it is very rare to find disseminated cryptococcosis with negative CRAG. We looked also for the more important risk factor of recurrence. Some possible causes explored are risk of azole resistant strains, pre-existent conditions of patients that play a permissive role and the common situation where flucytosine is unavailable that led to suboptimal induction phase of therapy. Herein, we discuss disseminated cryptococcosis with a particular attention to antifungal therapy, role of cryptococcal antigen, and risk factors for recurrence of disease.

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