Type 2 Alveolar Epithelial Cells Differentiated from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Mouse Pulmonary Fibrosis through β-Catenin-Regulated Cell Apoptosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Liu ◽  
Danyi Peng ◽  
Jingyi You ◽  
Ou Zhou ◽  
Huijun Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Have the Ability to Differentiate into Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Ameliorate Lung Injury Caused by Elastase-Induced Emphysema in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Fukui ◽  
Soichiro Funaki ◽  
Kenji Kimura ◽  
Toru Momozane ◽  
Atsuomi Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a leading cause of mortality globally, with no effective therapy yet established. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are useful for ameliorating lung injury in animal models. However, whether ADSCs differentiate into functional cells remains uncertain, and no study has reported on the mechanism by which ADSCs improve lung functionality. Thus, in this study, we examined whether ADSCs differentiate into lung alveolar cells and are able to ameliorate lung injury caused by elastase-induced emphysema in model mice. Here, we induced ADSCs to differentiate into type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. We demonstrated that ADSCs can differentiate into type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in an elastase-induced emphysematous lung and that ADSCs improve pulmonary function of emphysema model mice, as determined with spirometry and 129Xe MRI. These data revealed a novel function for ADSCs in promoting repair of the damaged lung by direct differentiation into alveolar epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Origin of Myofibroblasts in Lung Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
CF Hung
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial

Abstract Purpose of Review In this brief review, we will highlight important observational and experimental data in the literature that address the origin of scar-forming cells in lung fibrosis. Recent Findings Several cellular sources of activated scar-forming cells (myofibroblasts) have been postulated including alveolar epithelial cells; circulating fibrocytes; and lung stromal cell subpopulations including resident fibroblasts, pericytes, and resident mesenchymal stem cells. Recent advances in lineage-tracing models, however, fail to provide experimental evidence for epithelial and fibrocyte origins of lung myofibroblasts. Resident mesenchymal cells of the lung, which include various cell types including resident fibroblasts, pericytes, and resident mesenchymal stem cells, appear to be important sources of myofibroblasts in murine models of lung injury and fibrosis. Summary Lung myofibroblasts likely originate from multiple sources of lung-resident mesenchymal cells. Their relative contributions may vary depending on the type of injury. Although lineage-tracing experiments have failed to show significant contribution from epithelial cells or fibrocytes, they may play important functional roles in myofibroblast activation through paracrine signaling.

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